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municipal Solid Waste Disposal Site Selection in Jacobabad Using RS/GIS Techniques

Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2019年第10期7卷 13-22页

作者： Saba Zehra Sheeba Afsar Yasmeen Anis municipal services delivery program Karachi Pakistan University of Karachi Karachi Pakistan

Solid waste management is a worldwide concern, particularly in the developing countries. The solid waste disposal and landfill site management is a serious issue. City planners and municipal corporations have to confront with the problem of municipal Solid Waste Management all over the world, especially in the developing countries. Population growth is responsible for an increase in residential, commercial and infrastructure development, which poses adverse effects on the environment. One of the most serious and challenging environmental challenge being faced by the municipal corporations of developing countries is urban solid waste management. Dumping of municipal waste in unsuitable areas poses serious challenges to the local habitants of the neighborhood. municipal solid waste, if not properly managed, is one of the major environmental issues that could further lead to different diseases’ transmission, aesthetic and odor nuisance, and atmospheric and water pollution, etc. This paper aims to deal with the selection of suitable site for disposing off municipal solid waste management being produced at the Jacobabad City using Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing techniques. In the Jacobabad City, the existing open dumping systems are not environmentally sound posing serious environmental threats. Loads of generated waste (about 64 tons/day as per 2012 estimates) has been dumped into the inappropriate sites. Keeping in view the complicated process of landfill site, this study considers all the environmental, social and technical factors (distances from residences, proximity to road networks, schools, health facilities and reservoirs) to determine the best site for municipal Solid Waste disposal in Jacobabad City. Different analysis like buffer analysis, Euclidean distance and overlay analysis were also performed in this study to come up with the most suitable landfill site.

关键词： Solid Waste Management Geographic Information System Remote Sensing Landfill Site

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Survey on Immunization services for Children with Medical Conditions-China, 2022

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China CDC weekly 2023年第19期5卷 419-423页

作者： Yong Huang Yudan Song Junhong Li Yamin Wang Xiang Zeng Chao Ma Zundong Yin Guangzhou municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention Guangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina National Immunization program Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Chinese Field Epidemiology Training program Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Zhuhai municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention Zhuhai CityGuangdong ProvinceChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?Children with medical conditions frequently experience *** high-quality immunization services is crucial for enhancing vaccination coverage levels;nevertheless,the state of immunization service provision for children with medical conditions in China remains *** is added by this report?Immunization support for children with medical conditions in China demonstrates considerable variability and may be *** obstacles to the provision of immunization services include an absence of comprehensive vaccination recommendations and assessment guidelines for specific medical conditions,as well as inconsistencies among vaccine recommendations,package inserts,and expert consensus statements pertaining to the vaccination of children with medical *** are the implications for public health practice?The examination of provincial practices in providing immunization services for children with medical conditions,as well as understanding the barriers faced by National Immunization program providers in administering vaccinations,can contribute to the improvement of immunization services for this population in China.

关键词： services services children

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Ketamine,a trauma analgesic with sex-specific immunomodulatory function

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第6期18卷 1263-1264页

作者： Haley F.Spencer Rina Y.Berman Martin Boese Kwang H.Choi program in Neuroscience Uniformed Services UniversityBethesdaMDUSA Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress Uniformed Services UniversityBethesdaMDUSA Daniel K.Inouye Graduate School of Nursing Uniformed Services UniversityBethesdaMDUSA Department of Psychiatry F.E.Hébert School of MedicineUniformed Services UniversityBethesdaMDUSA

Ketamine,a multimodal dissociative anesthetic,produces powerful analgesia at subanesthetic doses in traumatically injured *** ketamine does not induce respiratory depression or hemodynamic instability,the Committee on Tactical Combat Casualty Care for the US military recommends the use of subanesthetic doses of ketamine for acute pain management(Butler et al.,2014).Additionally,ketamine may have immunomodulatory effects after injury at subanesthetic doses,mediating the balance of pro-and anti-inflammatory processes(Loix et al.,2011;De Kock et al.,2013).

关键词： doses acute

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Yersinia pestis: examining wildlife plague surveillance in China and the USA

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第1期7卷 99-109页

作者： Sarah N.BEVINS John A.BAROCH Dale L.NOLTE Min ZHANG Hongxuan HE US Department of Agriculture Wildlife ServicesNational Wildlife Disease ProgramFort CollinsColoradoUSA Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of ZoologyBeijingChina

Plague is a zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis Lehmann and Neumann,*** it is essentially a disease of rodents,plague can also be transmitted to ***,plague has caused mas-sive morbidity and mortality events in human populations,and has recently been classified as a reemerging dis-ease in many parts of the *** public health threat has led many countries to set up wild and domestic an-imal surveillance programs in an attempt to monitor plague activity that could potentially spill over into human *** China and the USA have plague surveillance programs in place,but the disease dynamics dif-fer in each *** present data on plague seroprevalence in wildlife and review different approaches for plague surveillance in the 2 *** need to better comprehend plague dynamics,combined with the fact that there are still several thousand human plague cases per year,make well-designed wildlife surveillance pro-grams a critical part of both understanding plague risks to humans and preventing disease outbreaks in the future.

关键词： plague sentinel species surveillance Yersinia pestis

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FOXP3 protects conventional human T cells from premature restimulation-induced cell death

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第1期18卷 194-205页

作者： Kelsey Voss Camille Lake Christopher R.Luthers Nathaniel M.Lott Batsukh Dorjbal Swadhinya Arjunaraja Bradly M.Bauman Anthony R.Soltis Gauthaman Sukumar Clifton LDalgard Andrew L.Snow Department of Pharmacology&Molecular Therapeutics Uniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMD 20817USA The American Genome Center(TAGC) Collaborative Health Initiative Research ProgramUniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMDUSA Department of Anatomy Physiology&GeneticsUniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMDUSA

The adaptive immune response relies on specific apoptotic programs to maintain *** effector T cell(Tcon)expansion is constrained by both forkhead box P3(FOXP3)^(+)-regulatory T cells(Tregs)and restimulation-induced cell death(RICD),a proprlocidal apoptosis pathway triggered by repeated stimulation through the T-cell receptor(TCR).Constitutive FOXP3 expression protects Tregs from RICD by suppressing SLAM-associated protein(SAP),a key adaptor protein that amplifies TCR signaling *** role of transient FOXP3 induction in activated human CD4 and CD8 Tcons remains unresolved,but its expression is inversely correlated with acquired RICD ***,we describe a novel role for FOXP3 In protecting human Tcons from premature RICD during *** FOXP3-mediated protection from RICD in Tregs,FOXP3 protects Tcons through a distinct mechanism requiring de novo transcription that does not require SAP *** profiling and functional analyses of expanding Tcons revealed that FOXP3 enhances expression of the SLAM family receptor CD48,which in turn sustains basal autophagy and suppresses pro-apoptotic p53 *** CD48 and FOXP3 expression reduced p53 accumulation upon TCR ***,silencing FOXP3 expression or blocking CD48 decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential in expanding Tcons with a concomitant reduction in basal *** findings suggest that FOXP3 governs a distinct transcriptional program in early-stage effector Tcons that maintains RICD resistance via CD48-dependent protective autophagy and p53 suppression.

关键词： conventional T cells RICD FOXP3 autophagy CD48

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Esophageal squamous papillomas with focal dermal hypoplasia and eosinophilic esophagitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第12期23卷 2246-2250页

作者： Eric A Pasman Theresa A Heifert Cade M Nylund Pediatric Residency program National Capital Consortium Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Fellowship ProgramNational Capital Consortium Department of Pediatrics F.Edward Hebert School of MedicineUniformed Services University

Focal dermal hypoplasia(FDH) is a rare disorder of the mesodermal and ectodermal tissues. Here we present an eight-year-old female known to have FDH who presents with poor weight gain and dysphagia. She was diagnosed with multiple esophageal papillomas and eosinophilic esophagitis. She was successfully treated with argon plasma coagulation and ingested fluticasone propionate, which has not been described previously in a child.

关键词： Focal dermal hypoplasia Papilloma Argon plasma coagulation Eosinophils Eosinophilic esophagitis Esophageal diseases Dysphagia

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Assessing quality of volunteer crowdsourcing contributions:lessons from the Cropland Capture game

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2016年第4期9卷 410-426页

作者： Carl F.Salk Tobias Sturn Linda See Steffen Fritz Christoph Perger Ecosystems services and Management program International Institute for Applied Systems AnalysisLaxenburgAustria Southern Swedish Forest Research Center Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesAlnarpSweden

Volunteered geographic information(VGI)is the assembly of spatial information based on public *** VGI has proliferated in recent years,assessing the quality of volunteer-contributed data has proven challenging,leading some to question the efficiency of such *** this paper,we compare several quality metrics for individual volunteers’*** data were the product of the‘Cropland Capture’game,in which several thousand volunteers assessed 165,000 images for the presence of cropland over the course of 6 *** compared agreement between volunteer ratings and an image’s majority classification with volunteer self-agreement on repeated images and expert *** also examined the impact of experience and learning on *** self-agreement was nearly always higher than agreement with majority classifications,and much greater than agreement with expert validations although these metrics were all positively *** quality showed a broad trend toward improvement with experience,but the highest accuracies were achieved by a handful of moderately active contributors,not the most active *** results emphasize the importance of a universal set of expert-validated tasks as a gold standard for evaluating VGI quality.

关键词： crowdsourcing volunteered geographic information cropland data quality image classification Geo-Wiki

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Real-time seismology for the 05/12/2008 Wenchuan earthquake of China: A retrospective view

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Science China Earth Sciences 2009年第2期52卷 155-165页

作者： Paul SOMMERVILLE United Research services Corporation

The devastating 05/12/2008 Wenchuan earthquake (Mw7.9) in Sichuan Province of China showed very few precursory phenomena and occurred on a fault system once assigned to be of moderate long term seismic risk. Given the existing coverage of seismograph stations in Sichuan Province, real-time seis-mology could have been effective in avoiding some earthquake damage and helping post-earthquake emergency response. In a retrospective view, we demonstrated that the epicenter can be located with 20 km accuracy using just two broadband stations with three-component, which takes only about 10 s after the onset of the earthquake. Initial magnitude is estimated to be M7 with the Tc measurement over first 4 seconds of P waves. Better magnitude estimate can be obtained within 2 min by modeling Pnl waves for stations about 500 km away where the S waveforms are clipped. The rupture area is well revealed by teleseismically-recorded >M5 early aftershocks within two hours after the mainshock. Within a few hours, teleseismic body waves were inverted to derive a more detailed rupture process and the finite fault model can be readily used to calculate ground motions, thus providing vital information for rescue efforts in the case where no real-time strong motion records are available.

关键词： real-time seismology earthquake early warning strong ground motion rapid location

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Surveillance for highly pathogenic avian influenza in wild birds in the USA

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Integrative Zoology 2009年第4期4卷 426-439页

作者： Thomas J.DELIBERTO Seth R.SWAFFORD Dale L.NOLTE Kerri PEDERSEN Mark W.LUTMAN Brandon B.SCHMIT John A.BAROCH Dennis J.KOHLER Alan FRANKLIN United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection ServiceWildlife ServicesNational Wildlife Disease ProgramFort CollinsUSA United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection ServiceWildlife ServicesNational Wildlife Research CenterFort CollinsColoradoUSA

As part of the USA’s National Strategy for Pandemic Influenza,an Interagency Strategic Plan for the Early Detection of Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Avian Influenza in Wild Migratory Birds was developed and ***1April2006 through 31 March 2009,261946 samples fromwild birds and 101457 wild bird fecalsamples were collected in the USA;no highly pathogenic avian influenza was *** United States Department of Agriculture,and state and tribal cooperators accounted for 213115(81%)of the wild bird samples collected;31,27,21 and 21%of the samples were collected from theAtlantic,Pacific,Central and Mississippi flyways,*** than 250 species of wild birds in all 50 states were *** majority of wild birds(86%)were dabbling ducks,geese,swans and *** apparent prevalence of low pathogenic avian influenza viruses during biological years 2007 and 2008 was 9.7 and 11.0%,*** apparent prevalence of H5 and H7 subtypes across all species sampled were 0.5 and 0.06%,*** pooled fecal samples(n=101539)positive for low pathogenic avian influenza were 4.0,6.7 and 4.7%for biological years 2006,2007 and 2008,*** highly pathogenic early detection system for wild birds developed and implemented in the USA represents the largest coordinated wildlife disease surveillance system ever *** effort provided evidence that wild birds in the USA were free of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus(given the expected minimum prevalence of 0.001%)at the 99.9%confidence level during the surveillance period.

关键词： disease surveillance highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 morbidity and mortality wild bird.

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Forty and Twenty Years Ago and Now--Virus Elimination Successes and New Challenges

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China CDC weekly 2020年第50期2卷 953-954页

作者： Lance E.Rodewald National Immunization program China CDC Immunization services Division US CDC(2000-2012) WHO China Country Office(2012-2017)

Forty years ago,smallpox was declared eradicated by the World Health Organization(WHO).As ***,Director of the Smallpox Eradication programme at the WHO quoted from the 33^(rd) World Health Assembly(1980)(1),“...the world and all its peoples have won freedom from smallpox...a most devastating disease...since earliest time,leaving death,blindness,and disfigurement in its wake and which only a decade ago was rampant in Africa,Asia and South America.”

关键词： death Director disease.

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