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Stable, efficient inverted perovskite solar cells enabled by the multifunctional ytterbium oxide buffer

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第8期67卷 2423-2424页

作者： Manman Hu Sang Il Seok Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and TechnologyUlsan 44919Republic of Korea

Significant advancements in single-junction inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have led to power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) exceeding 25% [1]. However, their operational stability under strict conditions falls short compared with commercial solar panels, primarily due to the ion migration. This migration alters the chemical composition within the perovskite layer, increasing the heterogeneity and forming degradation sites [2]. Additionally, ion accumulation at metal interfaces corrodes electrodes, while metal diffusion into perovskite layers further compromises the stability, highlighting critical areas for the improvement in long-term device performance [3,4].

关键词： perovskite exceeding stability

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Phase transition of multi-component(TiZrVNb)C ceramics—Part II:From single phase to multiple phases via adjusting V content

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第5期13卷 689-698页

作者： Qingyi Kong Lei Chen Sijia Huo Kunxuan Li Wenyu Lu Yujin Wang Yu Zhou institute for Advanced Ceramics School of Materials Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150080China Key Laboratory of Advanced Structure‒Function Integrated Materials and Green Manufacturing technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China national Key Laboratory of Precision Hot Processing of Metals Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

To address the relatively mediocre mechanical properties of single-phase multi-component carbide ceramics,a phase transition from a single phase to multiple phases was proposed to achieve superior mechanical properties.A series of(TiZrV_(x)Nb)C_(0.8) ceramics with different V contents were fabricated by spark plasma sintering(SPS).The influence of the V content on the phase composition,microstructural evolution,and mechanical properties was investigated in *** transition behavior from a single phase to multiple phases is discovered and *** formation of the Zr-rich phase and Zr-poor phase can be attributed to the increase in lattice distortion and mixed enthalpy caused by the addition of V.A nanometer lamellar structure with a semi-coherent interface obtained via in situ decomposition is reported for the first time in multi-component carbide *** semi-coherent interfaces with high dislocation density and strain concentration effectively improve the mechanical properties,grain refinement,and multi-phase *** optimal comprehensive mechanical properties of the Vickers hardness(26.3 GPa),flexural strength(369 MPa),and fracture toughness(3.1 MPa·m^(1/2))were achieved for the sample with 20 mol%V.

关键词： multi-component ceramics multiple phases microstructure evolution phase decomposition mechanical properties

Polygon search algorithm for ultra-compact multifunctional integrated photonics design

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Photonics Research 2024年第7期12卷 1527-1541页

作者： TE DU ZHENG PENG PEIXIN HUANG ZHAOJIAN ZHANG HANSI MA XINPENG JIANG JIE HUANG MINGYU LUO HONGXIN ZOU JUNBO YANG Center of Material Science College of ScienceNational University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China institute for Quantum Science and technology College of ScienceNational University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China College of Computer National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China College of Systems Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Defense Innovation institute Academy of Military SciencesBeijing 100071China Photonics Research institute Department of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China Hunan Key Laboratory of Mechanism and technology of Quantum Information Changsha 410073China

Ultra-compact multifunctional integrated photonic modules have great practical significance to photonic integrated circuits (PICs).However,the design effect and efficiency of the existing mainstream inverse design algorithms are incompetent when designing these *** analyze their shortcomings in this task,and propose a new,to our knowledge,inverse design algorithm named polygon search (PS) algorithm to address these *** utilize the PS algorithm to design an integrated dual-channel mode-conversion-crossing waveguide *** module integrates three functions:interconversion between TE_(0) and TE_(1),interconversion between TE_(0) and TE_(2),and channel crossing within only a 4μm×4μm footprint,and its performance is verified by experimental *** not only greatly reduces the total footprint of many PICs but also greatly improves their fabricating ***,we propose a PS-designed mode mixer and a PS-designed bending waveguide,and connect them with the integrated modules to form a four-channel crossing-mode-division-multiplexing *** system can provide multiple modes on the basis of channel crossing and transmit the output signal in the same direction in parallel within a single output waveguide,which significantly increases the communication bandwidth and decreases the footprint of *** last,we demonstrate the effect and efficiency advantages of the PS algorithm over several mainstream inverse design algorithms by a comprehensive contrast experiment and explain these advantages in theory from several perspectives.

关键词： waveguide mixer algorithm

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An advantageous charging/discharging scheduling of electric vehicles in a PV energy enhanced power distribution grid

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Green Energy and Intelligent Transportation 2024年第2期3卷 60-78页

作者： Pritam Das Partha Kayal Department of Electrical Engineering National Institute of Technology SilcharAssam788010India

Electric vehicles(EVs)are going to overrule the transportation sector due to their pollution-free technology and low running ***,charging the EVs causes significant power demand and stress on the power delivery *** challenge can be tackled well when charging and discharging scheduling are coordinated with intelligent EV *** this work,two-stage charging and discharging scheduling are *** the first stage,a time scheduling algorithm is structured to identify EV charging/discharging slots at different hours,and at a later stage,the slots are optimally distributed among different charging *** of the EVs towards the EVCSs has been designed to enhance the useful participation of the EVs in the charging and discharging *** this regard,a possible number of EVs in the test region has been forecasted with a regression *** adequacy of the combined charging-discharging and location scheduling model is tested on a typical PV-enhanced 28-bus Indian distribution *** case studies containing three sub-cases in each have been performed incorporating the choice of the EV owners towards charging and discharging in different time slots in a *** case studies have resulted in a peak-to-average ratio(PAR)of 1.151,0,1.165,0,1.196,8,1.165,0,1.180,9,1.196,8,1.196,8,1.196,8 and 1.196,8 for the 24-h demand pattern in Case-1a,Case-1b,Case-1c,Case-2a,Case-2b,Case-2c,Case-3a,Case-3b and Case-1c respectively in comparison to a PAR of 1.2 for the 24-h demand in base case.

关键词： Charging-discharging scheduling Electric vehicles Solar irradiance forecasting Optimization Distribution network

Facet effects on bimetallic ZnSn hydroxide microcrystals for selective electrochemical CO2 reduction

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第8期9卷 1314-1320页

作者： Liu Han Cheng-wei Wang Shan-shan Luo Ying-tang Zhou Bing Li Ming Liu School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology national Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture Marine Science and Technology CollegeZhejiang Ocean University

Employing crystal facets to regulate the catalytic properties in electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction（eCO2RR） has been well demonstrated on electrocatalysts containing single metals but rarely explored for bimetallic systems. Here, we synthesize Zn Sn（OH）6（ZSO）microcrystals（MCs） with distinct facets and investigate the facet effects in eCO2RR. Electrochemical studies and in situ Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy（in situ-FTIR） reveal that ZSO MCs produce mainly C1 products of HCOOH and CO. The {111} facet of the ZSO MCS exhibits higher selectivity and faradaic efficiency（FE） than that of the {100} facet over a wide range of potentials（-0.9 V ～-1.3 V versus RHE）. Density Functional Theory（DFT） calculations elucidate that the {111} facet is favorable to the adsorption/activation of CO2molecules,the formation of intermediate in the rate-determining step, and the desorption of C1 products of CO and HCOOH molecules.

关键词： ZnSn(OH) 6 Crystal facets Electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction C1 product Density functional theory

Machine-learned wearable sensors for real-time hand-motion recognition: toward practical applications

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national Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 231-263页

作者： Kyung Rok Pyun Kangkyu Kwon Myung Jin Yoo Kyun Kyu Kim Dohyeon Gong Woon-Hong Yeo Seungyong Han Seung Hwan Ko Department of Mechanical Engineering Seoul National University IEN Center for Human-Centric Interfaces and Engineering Institute for Electronics and NanotechnologyGeorgia Institute of Technology School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford University Department of Mechanical Engineering Ajou University George W.Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology institute of Advanced Machinery and Design(SNU-IAMD) Seoul National University

Soft electromechanical sensors have led to a new paradigm of electronic devices for novel motion-based wearable applications in our daily lives. However, the vast amount of random and unidentified signals generated by complex body motions has hindered the precise recognition and practical application of this technology. Recent advancements in artificial-intelligence technology have enabled significant strides in extracting features from massive and intricate data sets, thereby presenting a breakthrough in utilizing wearable sensors for practical applications. Beyond traditional machine-learning techniques for classifying simple gestures, advanced machine-learning algorithms have been developed to handle more complex and nuanced motion-based tasks with restricted training data sets. Machine-learning techniques have improved the ability to perceive, and thus machine-learned wearable soft sensors have enabled accurate and rapid human-gesture recognition, providing real-time feedback to users. This forms a crucial component of future wearable electronics, contributing to a robust human–machine interface. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary covering materials, structures and machine-learning algorithms for hand-gesture recognition and possible practical applications through machine-learned wearable electromechanical sensors.

关键词： wearable sensor soft electronics artificial intelligence machine learning human–machine interfaces gesture recognition

Optimizing Biodiesel Production from Karanja and Algae Oil with Nano Catalyst:RSMand ANN Approach

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Energy Engineering 2024年第9期121卷 2363-2388页

作者： Sujeet Kesharvani Sakhi Katre Suyasha Pandey Gaurav Dwivedi Tikendra Nath Verma Prashant Baredar Energy Centre Maulana Azad National Institute of TechnologyBhopal462003India Department of Mechanical Engineering Maulana Azad National Institute of TechnologyBhopal462003India

This study delves into biodiesel synthesis from non-edible oils and algae oil sources using Response Surface Methodology(RSM)and an Artificial Neural Network(ANN)model to optimize biodiesel *** of *** and Karanja oils is utilized,aiming to reduce free fatty acid content to 1%through single-step *** reveals peak biodiesel yield conditions:1%catalyst quantity,91.47 min reaction time,56.86℃reaction temperature,and 8.46:1 methanol to oil molar *** ANN model outperforms RSM in yield prediction *** impact assessment yields an E-factor of 0.0251 at maximum yield,indicating responsible production with minimal *** analysis reveals significant cost savings:30%-50%reduction in raw material costs by using non-edible oils,10%-15%increase in production efficiency,20%reduction in catalyst costs,and 15%-20%savings in energy *** optimized process reduces waste disposal costs by 10%-15%,enhancing overall economic ***,the widespread adoption of biodiesel offers economic,environmental,and social benefits to a diverse range of stakeholders,including farmers,producers,consumers,governments,environmental organizations,and the transportation *** among these stakeholders is essential for realizing the full potential of biodiesel as a sustainable energy solution.

关键词： Non-edible oil algae RSM ANN optimization environmental factor

Deep Guided Attention Network for Joint Denoising and Demosaicing in Real Image

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 303-312页

作者： Tao ZHANG Ying FU Jun ZHANG School of Computer Science and technology Beijing Institute of Technology Advanced Reasearch institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of Technology

Denoising(DN) and demosaicing(DM) are the first crucial stages in the image signal processing pipeline. Recently, researches pay more attention to solve DN and DM in a joint manner, which is an extremely undetermined inverse problem. Existing deep learning methods learn the desired prior on synthetic dataset, which limits the generalization of learned network to the real world data. Moreover, existing methods mainly focus on the raw data property of high green information sampling rate for DM, but occasionally exploit the high intensity and signalto-noise(SNR) of green channel. In this work, a deep guided attention network(DGAN) is presented for real image joint DN and DM(JDD), which considers both high SNR and high sampling rate of green information for DN and DM, respectively. To ease the training and fully exploit the data property of green channel, we first train DN and DM sub-networks sequentially and then learn them jointly, which can alleviate the error accumulation. Besides, in order to support the real image JDD, we collect paired raw clean RGB and noisy mosaic images to conduct a realistic dataset. The experimental results on real JDD dataset show the presented approach performs better than the state-of-the-art methods, in terms of both quantitative metrics and qualitative visualization.

关键词： Training Visualization Inverse problems Green products Noise reduction Pipelines Signal processing

Surface Modification Aspects for Improving Biomedical Properties in Implants:A Review

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第2期37卷 213-241页

作者： J.Sharath Kumar Rakesh Kumar Rajeev Verma Industrial and Production Department Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology JalandharJalandharPunjab144008India

The primary focus during surgery is to ensure successful implantation by achieving long-term and stable fixation of *** surgery is now more focused on the development of novel biomaterials intended to improve implant *** obtain a better understanding of metal implants,this article investigated the causes of material failures in certain cases and analysed a few case *** interaction between the implant and bone tissue was a crucial aspect of successful implantation,and this study explored the factors influencing this interaction as well as ways to improve *** modern approaches used for modifying implant surfaces were systematically illustrated and briefly *** spray coatings were often favoured because of their wide range of coating materials,but other substantial surface modifications(such as friction stir processing and laser surface texturing)were also used for a selection of ***,implant surfaces with desirable features,such as biocompatibility,antibacterial properties,corrosion resistance,and wear resistance,were essential for optimising implant *** systematic review's main aim is to provide exhaustive reference information and a broad overview to advance the production and design of orthopaedic implants.

关键词： Biomaterials Surface treatments Thermal spray coatings Antibacterial Biocompatibility Corrosion resistance Wear resistance