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Exercise-induced albuminuria vs circadian variations in blood pressure in type 1 diabetes

World Journal of Diabetes 2017年第2期8卷 74-79页

作者： Isabelle Hota Tadida Meli Aurel T Tankeu Mesmin Y Dehayem David Chelo Jean Jacques N Noubiap Eugene Sobngwi Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Santé Université des Montagnes Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences National Obesity center Yaoundé Central Hospital mother and child center of the chantal biya foundation Department of Medicine Groote Schuur Hospital and University of Cape Town

AIM To investigated the relationship between exerciseinduced ambulatory blood pressure measurement(ABPM) abnormalities in type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM) adolescents. METHODS We conducted a case-control at the National Obesity center of the Yaoundé Central Hospital, Cameroon. We compared 24 h ABPM and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio(ACR) at rest and after a standardized treadmill exercise between 20 Cameroonian T1 DM patients and 20 matched controls. T1 DM adolescents were aged 12-18 years, with diabetes for at least one year, without proteinuria, with normal office blood pressure(BP) and renal function according to the general referencepopulation. Non-diabetic controls were adolescents of general population matched for sex, age and *** Mean duration of diabetes was 4.2 ± 2.8 years. The mean 24 h systolic blood pressure(SBP) and diastolic blood pressure(DBP) were respectively 116 ± 9 mm Hg in the diabetic group vs 111 ± 8 mm Hg in the nondiabetic(P = 0.06), and 69 ± 7 mm Hg vs 66 ± 5 mm Hg(P = 0.19). There was no difference in the diurnal pattern of BP in diabetes patients and non-diabetic controls(SBP: 118 ± 10 mm Hg vs 114 ± 10 mm Hg, P = 0.11; DBP: 71 ± 7 mm Hg vs 68 ± 6 mm Hg, P = 0.22). Nighttime BP was higher in the diabetic group with respect to SBP(112 ± 11 mm Hg vs 106 ± 7 mm Hg, P = 0.06) and to the mean arterial pressure(MAP)(89 ± 9 mm Hg vs 81 ± 6 mm Hg, P = 0.06). ACR at rest was similar in both groups(5.5 mg/g vs 5.5 mg/g, P = 0.74), but significantly higher in diabetes patients after exercise(10.5 mg/g vs 5.5 mg/g, P = 0.03). SBP was higher in patients having exercise-induced albuminuria(116 ± 10 mm Hg vs 108 ± 10 mm Hg, P = 0.09). CONCLUSION Exercise-induced albuminuria could be useful for early diagnosis of kidney damage in adolescents with T1 DM.

关键词： Albuminuria Blood pressure Ambulatory blood pressure measurement Exercise Type 1 diabetes

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Growth and Associated Factors in children and Adolescents Living with HIV/AIDS Followed at the mother and child Centre of the chantal biya foundation, Yaoundé-Cameroon: A Case Control Study

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2020年第1期10卷 194-205页

作者： David Chelo Eulalie Landrine Moguon Fondjo Pierre Fotsing Kwetche Séraphin Nguefack Félicitée Nguefack Suzanne Ngo Um Georges Nguefack Tsague mother and child Centre Chantal BIYA Foundation Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences Banganté Cameroon Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon

Background: HIV/AIDS has a negative impact on child growth. Assessing the growth of infected children is an important part of the overall care of these children which in turn improves the monitoring and prognosis of the disease. The purpose of the study was to describe and compare the growth of children living with HIV with those not infected and to identify the associated factors. Method: This was an analytical case control study conducted in a pediatric hospital, Yaoundé from January 25th to June 20th 2019. Our study population consisted of 164 children with an age range from 06 weeks to 19 years old of which we had 41 HIV-infected cases and 123 uninfected controls matched by sex and age plus or minus 02 months. Anthropometric parameters were measured according to the standards described by the WHO. The data was entered and analyzed using Epi info 3.5.4, WHO Anthro and WHO Anthropoplus softwares. The chi-square and the Fisher’s exact tests were used to compare qualitative variables, with a significance threshold set at P less than 5%. Results: Of the 41 cases, 15 (36.6%) had at least one anthropometric index (weight for age, height for age, weight for height) -2 Z score versus 05 for controls (4.1%). 36.6% of cases had growth retardation (Height for age -2 Z score) compared to 4.1% in controls with a significant difference (p = 0.000). In 18.2% of cases, underweight was found (Weight for age -2 Z score) with a significant difference compared to controls (p = 0.000). Wasting was present in 10% of infected children (P = 0.240). We found 7.3% obesity/overweight in cases and 25.2% in controls (P = 0.003). We did not find any associated factor with growth disorders in our study. Conclusion: Infected children are smaller in weight and size. After multivariate analysis, there remained a significant difference between cases and controls regarding stunting, obesity and overweight. No factors studied were associated with the growth disorders detected, which suggests that gr

关键词： Growth HIV/AIDS child Adolescent Yaoundé

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Overweight and Fasting Hyperglycemia in children Born Preterm in a Resource-Limited Country (Cameroon)

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2020年第4期10卷 666-677页

作者： Mah Evelyn Mungyeh Ngwanou Dany Hermann Ngo Um Sap Suzanne Maguip Linda Chelo David Temgoua Ngou Mazou Zantia Gides Chiabi Andréas Angwafo III Fru Forbushi Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences The University of Yaoundé Yaounde Cameroon Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital Yaounde Cameroon mother and child center Chantal Biya Foundation Yaounde Cameroon

Introduction: The survival of more preterm babies through improved management techniques may imply an increased risk of non-communicable diseases including obesity, diabetes and other cardiovascular risk diseases with age. The prevalence of these diseases varies worldwide. The main objective of this study was to determine the rates and factors associated with overweight and diabetes in children born preterm at the Yaoundé Gyneco-Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital. Methodology: We conducted a retrospective cohort study including children aged 6 to 11 years. Data were collected from the records of premature and full-term infants hospitalized from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2013. Patients were evaluated during outpatient consultation, where height, weight, Body mass index and blood pressure were measured together with fasting capillary blood glucose levels. The Fisher test and the Chi-square test were used to compare proportions. Relative risk (RR) was used to establish the relationship between the different variables. Results: We enrolled 125 children born preterm and 250 born at full-term. The mean age was 8.2 ± 1.6 years. The cumulative incidence of pathologies varied according to type: Overweight 32% in preterm versus

关键词： Overweight Diabetes Prematurity Low-Income Country

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Cardiac Malformations in Congenital Hypothyroidism: A Case Report

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 279-284页

作者： Suzanne Sap Gaelle Ntsoli Jocelyn Tony Ritha Mbono Helene Kamo David Chelo mother and child center of chantal biya foundation Yaounde Cameroon University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Laquintinie Hospital University of Douala Douala Cameroon General Hospital of Garoua University of Garoua Garoua Cameroon

Introduction: Congenital hypothyroidism is the most common causes of preventable mental retardation. It is associated with other births defects like cardiac malformations. Descriptions in Sub Saharan Africa are rare, justifying the present report. Case Report: We reported the cases of 3 female patients, diagnosed with hypothyroidism, presenting in addition pulmonary stenosis. The diagnosis was late in all the patients and we noticed clinical improvement under levothyroxine. Conclusion: Association congenital hypothyroidism and cardiac defect is not rare. Our patients are female with no history of consanguinity, presenting congenital hypothyroidism with a gland in situ associated with pulmonary stenosis. Systematic screening of other births defects is thus recommended in affected patients.

关键词： Congenital Hypothyroidism Cardiac Malformations children

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Neurodevelopmental Problems in children at 9 Months of Age Associated with Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2017年第2期7卷 98-108页

作者： Evelyn Mungyeh Mah Seraphin Nguefack Hélène Kamo Selangai Andréas Chiabi Mbassi Awa Félicité Dongmo Mazou Ngou Temgoua Elie Mbonda Affiliation Department of Pediatrics Gyneco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital of Yaoundé Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon mother and child center of the chantal biya foundation Yaoundé Cameroon

Introduction: Neonatal asphyxia is a major cause of infant morbidity in Cameroon. The aim of this study was to describe the short-term neurological outcome of children following neonatal Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Methodology: We conducted a retrospective cohort study from May 2010 to September 2013. We included 39 exposed cases against 78 non-exposed cases followed-up for at least 9 months. The variables studied were: age, sex, head circumference, neurological sequelae, postural anomalies and motor skills and developmental age/quotient. The data collected were analyzed using Epi info software version 3.5.3. The Fisher Exact Test was used to compare the variables with a significance threshold defined for p Results: We recruited 39 cases for 78 controls. The majority (74.40%) of cases were classified as HIE Sarnat 3 and 25.60% Sarnat 2. Most of the children were aged 12 - 36 months with a mean age of 18 months. The male sex was predominant with a sex ratio of 1.2;and 61.50% of children with HIE had head circumference Conclusion: The frequency of neurological sequelae following HIE was high in our series. Efforts should be made to prevent perinatal asphyxia and to ensure the availability of material and staff trained to help babies’ breath in all the delivery rooms in our maternities.

关键词： Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy Cerebral Palsy Mental Retardation Cameroon

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Congenital Lipodystrophy: A Case Series Report from Cameroon

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2020年第1期10卷 231-235页

作者： Suzanne Sap Ngo Um Jocelyn Tony Ritha Mbono Yannick Tekel Isabelle Mekone Mesmin Dehayem Koki Ndombo Department of Paediatrics University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon mother and child center of the chantal biya foundation Yaounde Cameroon University of Douala Douala Cameroon Yaounde Central Hospital Yaounde Cameroon

Congenital lipodystrophy is a group of rare syndrome characterized by the absence of subcutaneous tissue. Affecting less per million live birth, this condition associate metabolic disturbance including severe insulin resistance and progeroid appearance. Diagnosis may be fortuitous or related to complications as presented in the present case series. Lipodystrophy can be generalized or localized. Acquired lipodystrophy is associated with some drugs like antiretroviral. Thus, the condition is well described in African HIV patients but data on congenital forms from Sub Saharan Africa are sparse, justifying the present report. We present four cases, with peculiar appearance associated with increased blood triglycerides. Two on four of the patients presented diabetes mellitus. Genetic testing was not available, questioning the actual guidelines of diagnosis for our context.

关键词： Lipodystrophy Diabetes children

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Antiretroviral therapy related adverse effects:Can sub-Saharan Africa cope with the new“test and treat”policy of the World Health Organization?

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 212-216页

作者： Jobert Richie N.Nansseu Jean Joel R.Bigna Department of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of the University of YaoundeIPO Box 1364YaoundeCameroon Sickle Cell Disease Unit Mother and Child Centre of the Chantal Biya FoundationYaoundeCameroon Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Centre Pasteur of CameroonYaoundeCameroon Faculty of Medicine University of Paris Sud XILe Kremlin BicêtreParisFrance

Background:Recent studies have shown that early antiretroviral therapy(ART)initiation results in significant HIV transmission *** is the rationale behind the“test and treat”policy of the World Health Organization(WHO).Implementation of this policy will lead to an increased incidence of ART-related adverse effects,especially in sub-Saharan Africa(SSA).Is the region yet ready to cope with such a challenging issue?Main body:The introduction and widespread use of ART have drastically changed the natural history of HIV/AIDS,but exposure to ART leads to serious medication-related adverse effects mainly explained by mitochondrial toxicities,and the situation will get worse in the near ***,ART is associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease,lipodystrophy,prediabetes and overt diabetes,insulin resistance and hyperlactatemia/lactic *** prevalence of these disorders is already high in SSA,and the situation will be exacerbated by the implementation of the new WHO *** SSA countries are characterized by(extreme)poverty,very weak health systems,inadequate and low quality of health services,inaccessibility to existing health facilities,lack of(qualified)health personnel,lack of adequate equipment,inaccessibility and unaffordability of medicines,and heavy workload in a context of a double burden of ***,there is dearth of data on the incidence and predictive factors of ART-related adverse effects in SSA,to anticipate on strategies that should be put in place to prevent the occurrence of these conditions or properly estimate the upcoming burden and prepare an adequate response *** are required if we are to anticipate and effectively prevent this upcoming ***:While SSA would be the first region to experience the huge benefits of implementing the“test and treat”policy of the WHO,the region is not yet prepared to manage the consequential increased burden of ART-related toxic and

关键词： HIV/AIDS Test and treat 90-90-90 Antiretroviral therapy Sub-Saharan Africa

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Usefulness of the Surgical Apgar Score to Predict the Occurrence of Major Complications in the Early Post-Operative Period of Major Surgeries: Experience of Two Second-Category Hospitals in Cameroon

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2024年第3期14卷 51-65页

作者： Charles Emmanuel Toussaint Binam Bikoi Francis Ateba Ndongo Serge Vivier Nga Nomo Édouard Léa Mekoui Ze Fidèle Binam Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care University of Ebolowa Ebolowa Cameroon Yaounde mother and child center Chantal Biya Foundation University of Garoua Garoua Cameroon Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Catholic University of Central Africa Yaounde Cameroon

Objective: The Surgical Apgar Score (SAS) is a tool for intraoperative stratification of the risk of serious complications in the early postoperative period. It varies from 0 to 10 points divided into three risk categories (0 to 4 high, 5 to 7 moderate, 8 to 10 low). The aim of the study was to evaluate its relevance in predicting the appearance of these complications. Material and methods: This descriptive and analytical study was carried out at the “Laquintinie” Hospital in Douala and at the Central Hospital in Yaounde, Cameroon. The main data were collected on a population of patients over 18 years old and recorded on a survey form. They consisted of variables of main interest and exposure variables. Univariate and multivariate statistical analysis using top-down logistic regression models made it possible to evaluate the association of each variable of main interest and each exposure variable. The association was significant at P Results: Of the 88 patients studied, the SAS was 3 hours. In multivariate, this link persisted only and strongly for the SAS OR (IC) 0.1 (0.1 - 0.2) and p = 000. Conclusion: The study found a specific and powerful link between the SAS score < 4 and the occurrence of complications in the early postoperative period, in favor of its relevance in predicting them.

关键词： Early Postoperative Complications Major Surgeries Surgical Apgar Score

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Comparison of the Clinical Profile and Severity Factors of COVID-19 during the First 4 Waves in a Paediatric Population of Yaounde

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第1期13卷 125-137页

作者： Jocelyn Tony Nengom Suzanne Sap Ngo Um Louis Serge Tang Nlend Bonaventure Hollong Jeannette Epée Ngoué Paul Olivier Koki Ndombo Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Department of Pediatrics University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon mother and child center of chantal biya’s foundation Yaounde Cameroon Specialized center for COVID-19 Patients Annex Number II of the Yaounde Central Hospital (ORCA) Yaounde Cameroon

Introduction: COVID-19 is an infectious disease that has been causing a global pandemic since 2019. Although clinical forms are generally less severe in children than in adults, children nevertheless present polymorphous clinical forms and severe cases that can lead to death. Objective: To describe the clinical presentations found in the different waves of COVID-19, and to highlight the different factors of severity. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study with retrospective and prospective data collection which lasted 7 months (from November 2021 to June 2022) and covered a study period from 6 March 2020 to 22 June 2022, i.e. 27 months. All patients aged 0 to 18 years, suspected of having COVID-19, confirmed by real-time RT-PCR or an antigenic Rapid Diagnostic Test or antibody were included. These patients were to be managed in the mother and child Centre of the chantal biya foundation, as well as in the Specialised Centre for the Management of COVID patients, annex number II of the Yaoundé Central Hospital. The results were analysed using IBM SPSS.23 software. Results: We included 163 patients in our study. No paediatric patients were registered during the 3rd wave. The mean age of the patients in the study population was 13 ± 5 years with extremes from 15 days to 18 years. We had a female predominance with a sex ratio of 0.83. The most common comorbidity was asthma. The first wave presented mainly with respiratory symptoms such as dry cough and signs of respiratory distress. The second wave presented mainly with digestive symptoms such as diarrhoea, abdominal pain and vomiting. The fourth wave presented with ENT signs such as sore throat, and rhinorrhea. Factors associated with severity were mainly age less than five years (OR = 17.69), vomiting (OR = 6.50), presence of comorbidities (OR = 3.39), and alteration of vital parameters such as bradypnoea (OR = 19.68), bradycardia (OR = 6.34), tachycardia (OR = 3.73), oxygen saturation Co

关键词： COVID-19 children Waves Clinical Profile Severity Cameroon

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Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) on Rheumatic Heart Disease among Senior Medical Students in Cameroon

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2020年第6期10卷 363-378页

作者： David Chelo Leslie Mbapah Tasha Anastase Dzudie Tamdja Clovis Nkoke Denis Georges Tewafeu Nelson Njedock Samuel Kingue mother and child center Chantal BIYA Foundation Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Internal Medicine University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroun

Background: Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is the commonest cause of valvular heart disease in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). The low cardiologist to patient ratio leaves a big challenge of RHD prevention and management to general practitioners in Cameroon. This makes it important to assess the aptitude of senior medical students who are doctors-to-be on RHD. This could thus give a base on which to increase awareness and decrease the burden of the disease. Therefore, we sort to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of senior medical students on rheumatic heart disease. General objective: To determine the level of knowledge, attitudes on rheumatic heart disease, and assess practices towards RHD and its prevention. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in four medical schools in Cameroon for a period of 3 months (from January 1st to April 1st, 2019). The senior medical students were recruited using a structured self-administered questionnaire and electronic forms. Data were entered into an excel spreadsheet and analysed with IBM SPSS version 25.0 for windows. The knowledge level was divided into tertiles (poor, moderate and good) while the attitudes and practices were divided into poor

关键词： Senior Medical Students Rheumatic Heart Disease Cameroon Attitude Knowledge and Practice General Practitioners

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