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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2895-2897页

作者： Nicolas Hugues Yu Luo Department of molecular and Cellular Biosciences University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Neuroscience Graduate Program University of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA division of Immunobiology Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical CenterUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOHUSA

Adult microglia,by continuously sensing changes in their environment and communicating with nearly all brain cell types,are considered to be the immune sentinels of the *** the healthy central nervous system(CNS),microglia display a unique molecular homeostatic signature(i.e.,Tmem119,P2ry12,Sall1,Siglech,Gpr34,and Hexb)(Figure 1A).

关键词： Figure signature critical

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Recent advances in exploring new blood-based biomarkers for the early diagnosis of gastric cancer

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science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 35-45页

作者： Xinyu Peng Qian Ma Da Han School of Life science Shanghai University Institute of molecular Medicine Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes Renji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Research and Development Intellinosis Biotechnologies Co.Ltd.

Gastric cancer(GC) is a prevalent and lethal malignancy worldwide, and the 5-year survival rate is less than 30%. The absence of distinctive symptoms often leads to late-stage diagnosis, contributing to a grim prognosis. Early detection is pivotal for improving the survival rates and outcomes of GC patients. Traditional diagnostic methods, including gastroscopy and histopathological examination, are restricted in the early diagnosis of GC. Conventional protein biomarkers, such as carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA19-9), and carbohydrate antigen 72-4(CA72-4), exhibit insufficient sensitivity and specificity for GC screening, which diminishes their clinical value. Recently, novel circulating biomarkers, such as circulating tumor cells(CTCs), circulating tumor cell DNA(ct DNA), and circulating free RNA(cf RNA), have emerged as promising candidates in the burgeoning field of liquid biopsy due to their superior sensitivity and specificity. This review focuses on the latest research on blood-based biomarkers for GC diagnosis and examines the clinical potentials and challenges associated with these emerging biomarkers.

关键词： gastric cancer early diagnosis blood

Encapsulating perovskite quantum dots into 3D COF for visible light-driven CO2 reduction

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science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Xinxin Wang Yucheng Jin Xiya Yang Qingyu Luan Tianyu Wang Dongdong Qi Kang Wang Jianzhuang Jiang College of Chemistry and Materials science Anhui Normal University Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering School of Chemistry and Biological EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing

Lead halide perovskite quantum dots（LHP QDs） have been revealed to possess great potential in photocatalytic applications including CO2reduction, which however suffer from poor stability. Herein, a high crystalline hydrazine-linked three-dimensional（3D） covalent organic framework, USTB-17, was fabricated from the reaction between 12-connected building block and 4-connected 3,5,7-tetrakis（4-aldophenyl）-adamantane. Post-modification with Ni2+affords the metallic framework USTB-17（Ni）followed by sequential deposition of the CH3NH2PbI3（MAPbI3） perovskite QDs into its pores, generating the USTB-17（Ni）@MAPbI3composite. Powder X-ray diffraction analysis together with theoretical simulations and transmission electron microscopy discloses the crystalline nature of USTB-17, USTB-17（Ni）, and USTB-17（Ni）@MAPbI3with an unprecedented noninterpenetrated hpt topology. The close contact of QDs inside the COF pores with the Ni catalytic site locating at the pore surface of COF allows a rapid transfer of the photogenerated electrons in QDs to the Ni catalytic sites, enhancing the photocatalytic activity for CO2reduction. This endows USTB-17（Ni）@MAPbI3with efficient photocatalysis performance for photocatalytic CO2reduction with CO generation rate of 365 μmol g-1h-1and CO selectivity up to 96% under visible-light irradiation, 7 times higher than that of USTB-17（Ni）. After four cycles of reactions, the photocatalytic CO generation rate remains almost unchanged, demonstrating its excellent cycle stability.

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Targeting TrkB–PSD-95 coupling to mitigate neurological disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 715-724页

作者： Xin Yang Yu-Wen Alvin Huang John Marshall Department of molecular Biology Cell Biology and BiochemistryBrown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA Department of Neurology Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA Center for Translational Neuroscience Robert J.and Nancy D.Carney Institute for Brain Science and Brown Institute for Translational ScienceBrown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA

Tropomyosin receptor kinase B(TrkB)signaling plays a pivotal role in dendritic growth and dendritic spine formation to promote learning and *** activity-dependent release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor at synapses binds to pre-or postsynaptic TrkB resulting in the strengthening of synapses,reflected by long-term ***,the association of postsynaptic density protein-95 with TrkB enhances phospholipase Cγ-Ca^(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinaseⅡand phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling required for long-term *** this review,we discuss TrkB-postsynaptic density protein-95 coupling as a promising strategy to magnify brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling towards the development of novel therapeutics for specific neurological disorders.A reduction of TrkB signaling has been observed in neurodegenerative disorders,such as Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease,and enhancement of postsynaptic density protein-95 association with TrkB signaling could mitigate the observed deficiency of neuronal connectivity in schizophrenia and *** with brain-derived neurotrophic factor is problematic,due to poor pharmacokinetics,low brain penetration,and side effects resulting from activation of the p75 neurotrophin receptor or the truncated TrkB.T1 *** TrkB agonists and antibodies that activate TrkB are being intensively investigated,they cannot distinguish the multiple human TrkB splicing isoforms or cell type-specific *** TrkB–postsynaptic density protein-95 coupling provides an alternative approach to specifically boost TrkB signaling at localized synaptic sites versus global stimulation that risks many adverse side effects.

关键词： Angelman syndrome autism brain-derived neurotrophic factor depression neurodegenerative disorder neurodevelopmental disorder postsynaptic density protein-95 synaptic plasticity TrkB

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Upcycling of polyethylene terephthalate to1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol in water

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science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Shuhui Fang Zhiwen Gao Xinrui Shi Min Zhang Wei Zhang Yue Liu State Key Laboratory of Petroleum molecular & Process Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical ProcessesSchool of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal University Engineering Center for Sustainable Carbon science and Technology East China Normal University Institute of Eco-Chongming

The recycling of waste polyethylene terephthalate（PET）, an extensively used polymer as plastic and fiber materials, has become an urgent topic due to the rapid generation and accumulation of plastic waste into the environment. Current chemical recycling approaches to depolymerize and convert PET into 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol（CHDM）, an important chemical in the production of advanced polyesters, predominantly use organic solvents, such as alcohols or dioxane. Herein, we developed an environmentally friendly and economically viable pathway for converting PET to CHDM using water as the solvent. In this process, PET is sequentially hydrolyzed in water, hydrogenated to 1,4-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid（CHDA）, and then reduced to CHDM. The PET conversion rate is self-enhanced in aqueous medium via acid-catalyzed hydrolysis by the generated CHDA intermediate. A Pd-based catalyst（e.g., Pd/C） selectively hydrogenates the arene ring of the PET monomer, terephthalic acid intermediate, and a Ru-Sn/C bimetallic catalyst reduces its COOH to CH2OH group. At optimized reaction conditions, a complete conversion of PET and 80.1% yield of CHDM are obtained. Alternatively, this approach can also efficiently produce CHDA from PET, with a yield up to 86.4%.

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Single-cell and spatial omics:exploring hypothalamic heterogeneity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1525-1540页

作者： Muhammad Junaid Eun Jeong Lee Su Bin Lim Department of Biochemistry&molecular Biology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Biomedical sciences Graduate School of Ajou UniversitySuwonSouth Korea Department of Brain science Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea

Elucidating the complex dynamic cellular organization in the hypothalamus is critical for understanding its role in coordinating fundamental body functions. Over the past decade, single-cell and spatial omics technologies have significantly evolved, overcoming initial technical challenges in capturing and analyzing individual cells. These high-throughput omics technologies now offer a remarkable opportunity to comprehend the complex spatiotemporal patterns of transcriptional diversity and cell-type characteristics across the entire hypothalamus. Current single-cell and single-nucleus RNA sequencing methods comprehensively quantify gene expression by exploring distinct phenotypes across various subregions of the hypothalamus. However, single-cell/single-nucleus RNA sequencing requires isolating the cell/nuclei from the tissue, potentially resulting in the loss of spatial information concerning neuronal networks. Spatial transcriptomics methods, by bypassing the cell dissociation, can elucidate the intricate spatial organization of neural networks through their imaging and sequencing technologies. In this review, we highlight the applicative value of single-cell and spatial transcriptomics in exploring the complex molecular-genetic diversity of hypothalamic cell types, driven by recent high-throughput achievements.

关键词： cellular diversity hypothalamus multi-omics single-cell transcriptomics spatial transcriptomics

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Tangled but ordered human mitochondrial tRNA maturation

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science China Life sciences 2025年

作者： Shi-Ying Yao Xiao-Long Zhou Key Laboratory of RNA Innovation Science and Engineering CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Systems Health science of Zhejiang Province School of Life Science Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Mitochondria are cellular organelles that originate from an endosymbiotic bacterial ancestor and are primarily responsible for ATP generation via oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). OXPHOS is conducted by five mitochondrial respiratory complexes in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Human mitochondria possess a distinct genome, a small, circular, doublestranded DNA (mtDNA) of 16,569 base pairs.

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All-optical neuromorphic devices: materials, working mechanism,and applications

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science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Song Wang Hao Chen Hui Huang College of Materials science and Opto-Electronic Technology Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Chemistry and molecular Engineering Peking University

Traditional von Neumann computing, with physical separation of memory and processing units, cannot satisfy the development of artificial intelligence and cloud computing. Neuromorphic computing, inspired by the human brain, has drawn much ***-optical neuromorphic (AON) devices employ optical signals as information carriers and leverage the neuromorphic functions to implement fast operation speed, low energy consumption, and high bandwidth of neuromorphic computing. Here, we discuss the recent progress in AON devices, including materials, device performance, working mechanisms, and applications. Moreover,the advantages and limitations of AON are presented and discussed. Finally, the perspective of AON devices points out the future research direction of neuromorphic computing.

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Multicomponent polymerization of elemental sulfur,difluoromethylene phosphobetaine and aryl silyl ethers toward aromatic poly(O,O′-monothiocarbonate)s

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science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Yongjiang Yu Rongrong Hu Ben Zhong Tang State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates South China University of Technology School of science and Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology The Chinese University of Hong Kong AIE Institute

Polythiocarbonates with similar structures to polycarbonates, have emerged as a group of promising sulfur-containing polymers with a range of practical applications, taking advantages of their excellent optical properties, good thermal stability and filmforming ability, and so on. However, the synthesis of polythiocarbonates generally suffered from mixed isomeric structures of repeating units, and hazardous sulfur-containing reagents. In this work, an efficient multicomponent reaction of elemental sulfur,difluoromethylene phosphobetaine（PDFA）, and aryl silyl ethers was designed with the assistance of organic base 7-methyl-1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene（MTBD） to produce 12 kinds of O,O′-monothiocarbonate compounds in up to 93% yields,taking advantages of the unique chemical property of difluorocarbene, and the deprotection of silyl group by F-generated from PDFA. Most importantly, the MTBD-assisted multicomponent polymerization of bis（aryl silyl ether）s, elemental sulfur, and PDFA was developed, affording 12 kinds of poly（O,O′-monothiocarbonate）s with well-defined structures, high Mws of up to16900 g/mol and high yields（up to 99%）. These poly（O,O′-monothiocarbonate）s possessed good film-forming properties and thermal stability, high light refractive indices and transmittance. The facile synthesis of these polymonothiocarbonates might pave the way for the development of promising sulfur-containing polymer materials.

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Bifunctional bridging capping layer enables 24.5% efficiency of perovskite solar cells with polymer-based hole transport materials

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science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 350-359页

作者： Can Zhu Yiyang Wang Lei Meng Beibei Qiu Jing Li Shucheng Qin Ke Hu Xin Jiang Wenbin Lai Minchao Liu Zhe Liu Chenxing Lu Jinyuan Zhang Yongfang Li Beijing National Laboratory for molecular sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Chemical science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Solid State Optoelectronic Devices of Zhejiang Province College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering Zhejiang Normal University Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University

Developing a bridge capping layer between perovskite and hole transport layer materials（HTMs） in the n-i-p perovskite solar cells（pero-SCs） is an effective approach to modify the morphology of HTMs and passivate the perovskite ***, we select the quinoxaline-based bifunctional passivation agent, quinoxalin-6-yl-methylamine hydrochloride（Qx MACl）,as the bridging layer, and a D-A copolymer PBQ12 containing the same quinoxaline unit as an HTM for the n-i-p pero-SCs. Due to the π-π stacking among the common quinoxaline units in the bridge layer and HTM, Qx MACl induces the π-π stacking of the PBQ12 film and improves the film morphology of HTMs with better conductivity. Additionally, Qx MACl can effectively passivate the perovskite surface, and PBQ12 possesses appropriate energy levels and high hole mobility. The pero-SCs based on FAPbI3with PBQ12/Qx MACl treatment showed a higher power conversion efficiency（PCE） of 24.05% and outstanding stability, maintaining 95.4% and 92.1% of its initial PCE after 750 h of storage and after over 800 h of thermal annealing at 85 °C, respectively. To further enhance the PCE of the PBQ12/Qx MACl-based devices, we developed a non-metal ion dopant for the PBQ12 HTM. Through trace doping of PBQ12 HTM by the non-metal ion dopant, the PCE of the PBQ12/Qx MACl-based devices reached 25.24%（the calibrated PCE of 24.55% by the National Institute of Metrology, China）.

关键词： D-A copolymer, hole transport materials, bifunctional bridge capping layer, passivation perovskite solar cells