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Effectiveness of colorectal cancer screening integrating non-genetic and genetic risk: a prospective study based on UK Biobank data

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第8期21卷 712-723页

作者： Yu Zhang Chao Sheng Zhangyan Lyu Hongji Dai Fangfang Song Fengju Song Yubei Huang Kexin Chen Department of epidemiology and Biostatistics Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer EpidemiologyKey Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Human Major DiseasesMinistry of EducationNational Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300060China

Objective: Few studies have evaluated the benefits of colorectal cancer(CRC) screening integrating both non-genetic and genetic risk factors. Here, we aimed to integrate an existing non-genetic risk model(QCancer-10) and a 139-variant polygenic risk score to evaluate the effectiveness of screening on CRC incidence and ***: We applied the integrated model to calculate 10-year CRC risk for 430,908 participants in the UK Biobank, and divided the participants into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups. We calculated the screening-associated hazard ratios(HRs) and absolute risk reductions(ARRs) for CRC incidence and mortality according to risk ***: During a median follow-up of 11.03 years and 12.60 years, we observed 5,158 CRC cases and 1,487 CRC deaths, respectively. CRC incidence and mortality were significantly lower among screened than non-screened participants in both the intermediateand high-risk groups [incidence: HR: 0.87, 95% confidence interval(CI): 0.81±0.94;0.81, 0.73±0.90;mortality: 0.75, 0.64±0.87;0.70, 0.58±0.85], which composed approximately 60% of the study population. The ARRs(95% CI) were 0.17(0.11±0.24) and 0.43(0.24±0.61), respectively, for CRC incidence, and 0.08(0.05±0.11) and 0.24(0.15±0.33), respectively, for mortality. Screening did not significantly reduce the relative or absolute risk of CRC incidence and mortality in the low-risk group. Further analysis revealed that screening was most effective for men and individuals with distal CRC among the intermediate to high-risk ***: After integrating both genetic and non-genetic factors, our findings provided priority evidence of risk-stratified CRC screening and valuable insights for the rational allocation of health resources.

关键词： Colorectal cancer screening polygenic risk score incidence mortality

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DNA-delivered monoclonal antibodies targeting the p53 R175H mutant epitope inhibit tumor development in mice

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 368-380页

作者： Dafei Chai Xu Wang Praveen Neeli Shan Zhou Xingfang Yu Kanaga Sabapathy Yong Li Department of Medicine Section of Epidemiology and Population SciencesDan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer CenterBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030USA Division of Cellular&molecular research Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Centre SingaporeSingapore 168583Singapore

tThe tumor suppressor p53 is the most common mutated gene in cancer,with the R175H as the most frequent p53 missense ***,there are currently no approved targeted therapies or immunotherapies against mutant ***,we characterized and inves-tigated a monoclonal antibody(mAb)that recognizes the mutant p53-R175H for its affinity,specificity,and activity against tumor cells in *** then delivered DNA plasmids expres-sing the anti-R175H mAb or a bispecific antibody(BsAb)into mice to evaluate their therapeutic *** results showed that the anti-R175H mAb specifically bound to the p53-R175H an-tigen with a high affinity and recognized the human mutant p53-R175H antigen expressed on HEK293T or MC38 cells,with no cross-reactivity with wild-type *** cultured cells,the anti-R175H mAb showed higher cytotoxicity than the control but did not induce antibody-dependent cellular *** made a recombinant MC38 mouse cell line(MC38-p53-R175H)that overexpressed the human p53-R175H after knocking out the endogenous mutant p53 *** vivo,administration of the anti-R175H mAb plasmid elicited a robust anti-tumor effect against MC38-p53-R175H in *** administration of the anti-R175H BsAb plasmid showed no therapeutic effects,yet potent anti-tumor activity was observed in combination with the anti-PD-1 *** results indicate that targeting specific mutant epitopes using DNA-delivered mAbs or BsAbs presents a form of improved natural immunity derived from tumor-infiltrating B cells and plasma cells against intracellular tumor antigens.

关键词： BsAb Cytotoxicity mAb Mutant p53 PD-1 R175H

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epidemiology and control of monkeypox outbreak in Houston,Texas

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Global Health Journal 2024年第3期8卷 133-139页

作者： Abisola M.Oladimeji Abayomi Joseph Afe Louis Carillo Courtney Hundley Yufang Zhang Stephen Long Kirstin Short Roger Sealy Janeana White David Persse Bureau of epidemiology Houston Health DepartmentHoustonTX 77054USA

Background:In the 2022-2023 global outbreak,the United States and state of Texas recorded a total of 31,277 and 3,085 confirmed monkeypox(Mpox)cases respectively as of November *** study aims to investigate the demographic characteristics and risk factors of Mpox outbreak in Houston and document the epidemiologic control measures implemented with their ***:Houston Health Department received reports of suspected Mpox cases via electronic case reports and laboratory reports from healthcare providers within *** were then investigated and reclassified as either positive or negative using DNA polymerase chain reaction *** the reported cases received between May 2022 and January 2023 were included in this study using convenient sampling *** statistics using frequency distribution was used to analyze the sociodemographic,clinical features and travel history of the cases.A two-sided Chi-squared test was used to determine association between Mpox test results and risk factors with significant level set at P<*** infection control measures such as community engagement,health education,tracking and contact tracing,vaccination,referrals and laboratory sample logistics support were implemented by the health ***:Out of the total of 1,625 suspected persons investigated for Mpox,724(44.6%)tested *** the 724 confirmed cases,male was 700(96.7%),females 20(2.8%),transgender male 1(0.1%),transgender female 3(0.4%).Age groups 30-39 years constituted 43.6%,18-29 years 27.4%,40-49 years 18.2%,50-59 years was 8%.Race distribution of positive cases was Whites 43.4%,African American 38.7%,Asian 1.4%.Risk factors with P<0.05 included male gender,age groups 30-39 years and 40-49 years,travel history to Mpox endemic areas,recent sexual contact with known or suspected Mpox cases,human immunodeficiency virus *** as gay and bisexual were also statistically significant risk factors for Mpox inf

关键词： Monkeypox Mpox Riskfactors Control Tecovirimat Vaccination

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Deep insight into the B-cell associated tertiary lymphoid structure and tumor immunotherapy

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第2期21卷 125-131页

作者： Jilong Yang Jin Xu Haotian Liu Wanyi Xiao Gengpu Zhang Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute&HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjinTianjin’s Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Molecular Cancer EpidemiologyTianjin 300060China Department of Anaesthesiology Tianjin University Tianjin HospitalTianjin 300211China

Bod et al.1 recently published a study in Nature that garnered attention to B cell-associated anti-tumor immunity and immunotherapy of melanoma and other *** a promising supplemental immunotherapy to mainstream method... 详细信息

关键词： immunotherapy immunity

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Prevalence of Anemia in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus:A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期37卷 96-107页

作者： Monireh Faghir-Ganji Narjes Abdolmohammadi Maryam Nikbina Alireza Amanollahi Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam Rozhan Khezri Hamidreza Baradaran Student research Committee Iran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of epidemiology School of Public HealthIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of epidemiology School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of Midwifery Shoushtar Faculty of Medical SciencesShoushtarIran Department of epidemiology School of Public Health and SafetyShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Trauma and Injury research Center Iran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Health Promotion research Center Zahedan University of Medical SciencesZahedanIran Endocrine research Center Institute of Endocrinology and MetabolismIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran

Objective Anemia is a common public health concern in patients with type 2 diabetes *** study aimed to identify the prevalence of anemia among patients with *** Electronic databases,including PubMed,Scopus,Web of Sciences,and Google Scholar,were searched systematically for studies published between 2010 and *** removing duplicates and inappropriate reports,the remaining manuscripts were reviewed and appraised using theNewcastleOttawa Scale(NOS)tool.A random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled estimates of the extracted data using Stata version *** of the studies was assessed using the Q *** A total of 51 articles containing information on 26,485 patients with diabetes were included in this *** articles were mainly from Asia(58.82%)and Africa(35.29%).The overall prevalence of anemia was 35.45%(95%CI:30.30–40.76),with no evidence of heterogeneity by *** the two continents with the highest number of studies,the prevalence of anemia in patients with diabetes was significantly higher in Asia[40.02;95%CI:32.72–47.54]compared to Africa[28.46;95%CI:21.90–35.50](P for heterogeneity=0.029).Moreover,there has been an increasing trend in the prevalence of anemia in patients with diabetes over time,from[15.28;95%CI:9.83–22.21]in 2012 to[40.70;95%CI:10.21–75.93]in *** Globally,approximately 4 in 10 patients with diabetes suffer from ***,routine anemia screening and control programs every 3 months might be useful in improving the quality of life of these patients.

关键词： Prevalence Diabetic foot Anemia Diabetes mellitus

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Disclosing the true impact of screening endoscopy in colorectal cancer prevention

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Cancer Communications 2024年第4期44卷 504-507页

作者： Thomas Heisser Carlo Senore Michael Hoffmeister Lina Jansen Hermann Brenner Division of Clinical epidemiology and Aging research German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)HeidelbergBaden-WürttembergGermany epidemiology and Screening Unit Reference Centre for Epidemiology and Cancer PreventionUniversity Hospital Cittàdella Salute e della ScienzaTurinPiedmontItaly Epidemiological Cancer Registry Baden-Württemberg German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)HeidelbergBaden-WürttembergGermany Division of Preventive Oncology German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)and National Center for Tumor Diseases(NCT)HeidelbergBaden-WürttembergGermany German Cancer Consortium(DKTK) German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)HeidelbergBaden-WürttembergGermany

Preprint:https://***/10.1101/*** trials,cohort and modeling studies have consistently demonstrated a major impact of screening endoscopies on reducing colorectal cancer(CRC)inci-dence and mortality[1].Over time,CRC mortality starts to be lower in those who underwent screening compared to those who did not due to earlier detection of prevalent.

关键词： prevention endoscopy impact CRC

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Impact of pre-existing cardiometabolic diseases on metastatic cancer stage at diagnosis:a prospective multinational cohort study

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Cancer Communications 2024年第5期44卷 593-597页

作者： Anna Jansana Aviane Auguste Marina Kvaskoff Agnès Fournier Emma Fontvieille Laia Peruchet-Noray Carine Biessy Reynalda Cordova Kristina Elin Nielsen Petersen Anne Tjoneland Verena Katzke Rudolf Kaaks Fulvio Ricceri Salvatore Panico Paolo Contiero Maria-Jose Sánchez Jesus Castilla Marta Crous-Bou Alicia Heath Elom Kouassivi Aglago Elisabete Weiderpass Marc James Gunter Pietro Ferrari Elio Riboli Vivian Viallon Heinz Freisling International Agency for research on Cancer(IARC-WHO) LyonFrance Paris-Saclay University University of Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-YvelineUniversity Paris-SudFrench National Institute for Health and Medical Research(Inserm)Gustave Roussy“Exposome and Heredity”TeamCESPVillejuifFrance Department of Nutritional Sciences University of ViennaViennaAustria Danish Cancer Society research Center CopenhagenDenmark Department of Public Health University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark Division of Cancer epidemiology German Cancer Research CentreHeidelbergGermany Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences University of TurinTurinItaly Unit of epidemiology Regional Health Service ASL TO3GrugliascoTurinItaly Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery Federico II UniversityNaplesItaly Environmental epidemiology Unit Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico(IRCCS)-Istituto Nazionale dei TumoriMilanItaly Cancer Registry of Granada Institute for Biosanitary Research of Granada(ibs.GRANADA)GranadaSpain epidemiology and Control of Chronic Diseases Group Epidemiology and Public Health Networking Biomedical Research CentreMadridSpain Navarra Public Health Institute PamplonaSpain Unit of Nutrition and Cancer Cancer Epidemiology Research ProgramCatalan Institute of Oncology(ICO)-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute(IDIBELL)L’Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain Department of epidemiology Harvard Tseng-Hsi Chan School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthImperial College LondonSt Mary’s CampusNorfolk PlaceLondonUK

Owing to shared risk factors between cardiometabolic diseases(CMDs)and cancer,coupled with population aging,the lifetime risk of an individual developing cancer after a CMD is ***,biological mechanisms such as insulin resistance or inflammation may not only predispose individuals withCMDto an elevated risk of certain types of cancer but also to a diagnosis of cancer at an advanced stage[1,2].

关键词： diagnosis diseases cancer

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Comparison of Air Pollution−Mortality Associations Using Observed Particulate Matter Concentrations and Reanalysis Data in 33 Spanish Cities

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Environment & Health 2024年第3期2卷 161-169页

作者： Dominic Roye Carmen Íñiguez Aurelio Tobias Climate research Foundation 28003 MadridSpainSpanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health(CIBERESP)28029 MadridSpain Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water research(IDAEA) Spanish Council for Scientific Research(CSIC)08034 BarcelonaSpain

Air pollution poses a health hazard in all ***,complete data on ambient particulate matter(PM)concentrations are not available in all world *** data is already a valuable source of exposure data in epidemiological studies examining the relationship between temperature and ***,the performance of reanalysis data in assessing the short-term health effects of particulate air pollution remains *** assessed the performance of CAMS reanalysis(EAC4)data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts,compared with daily PM concentrations from field monitoring stations,to estimate short-term exposure to PM with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10μm(PM_(10))on daily mortality in 33 Spanish provincial capital cities using a two-stage time series regression *** shape of the PM_(10)distribution varied substantially between PM observations and CAMS global reanalysis of atmospheric composition(EAC4)reanalysis data,with correlation ranging from 0.21 to *** pooled mortality risk for a 10μg/m^(3)increase in PM_(10)showed similar estimates using PM concentrations{relative risks(RR)=1.007,95%confidence intervals(95%CI)=[1.002,1.011]}and EAC4 reanalysis data(RR=1.011,95%CI=[1.006,1.015]).However,the city-specific PM_(10)beta coefficients estimated using PM concentrations and EAC4 reanalysis data showed a low correlation(r=0.22).The use of reanalysis data should be approached with caution when assessing the association between particulate matter air pollution and health outcomes,particularly in cities with small populations.

关键词： Air pollution particulate matter PM_(10) reanalysis EAC4 mortality Spain time series regression

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Association of cardiometabolic multimorbidity with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality among Chinese hypertensive patients

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第2期21卷 211-218页

作者： Luo-Xi XIAO Zi-Yu WANG Jiang-Tao LI Hai-Mei WANG Yi-Ming HAO Pan ZHOU Yu-Lin HUANG Qiu-Ju DENG Yong-Chen HAO Na YANG Li-Zhen HAN Zhao YANG Ping-Ping JIA Yue QI Jing LIU Center for Clinical and Epidemiologic research Beijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing Institute of HeartLung and Blood Vessel DiseasesBeijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical EpidemiologyBeijingChina

BACKGROUND Hypertension usually clusters with multiple ***,the association between cardiometabolic multimorbidity(CMM)and mortality in hypertensive patients is *** study aimed to investigate the association between CMM and all-cause and cardiovascular disease(CVD)mortality in Chinese patients with *** The data used in this study were from the China National Survey for Determinants of Detection and Treatment Status of Hypertensive Patients with Multiple Risk Factors(CONSIDER),which comprised 5006 participants aged 19–91 *** was defined as the presence of one or more of the following morbidities:diabetes mellitus,dyslipidemia,chronic kidney disease,coronary heart disease,and *** proportional hazard models were used to calculate the hazard ratios(HR)with 95%CI to determine the association between the number of CMMs and both all-cause and CVD *** Among 5006 participants[mean age:58.6±10.4 years,50%women(2509 participants)],76.4%of participants had at least one *** mortality rate was 4.57,4.76,8.48,and 16.04 deaths per 1000 person-years in hypertensive patients without any comorbidity and with one,two,and three or more morbidities,*** the fully adjusted model,hypertensive participants with two cardiometabolic diseases(HR=1.52,95%CI:1.09–2.13)and those with three or more cardiometabolic diseases(HR=2.44,95%CI:1.71–3.48)had a significantly elevated risk of all-cause *** findings were similar for CVD mortality but with a greater increase in risk *** In this study,three-fourths of hypertensive patients had *** with two or more comorbidities was associated with a significant increase in the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among hypertensive patients,suggesting more intensive treatment and control in this high-risk patient group.

关键词： hypertensive patients morbidity

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Plant-based dietary patterns and risk of esophageal cancer:A prospective cohort study spanning 17 years

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Chinese Journal of Cancer research 2024年第1期36卷 36-45页

作者： Xiaorui Zhang Feifan He Jiayue Li Ru Chen Xinqing Li Li Li Fen Liu Shaoming Wang Wenqiang Wei Department of epidemiology and Health Statistics School of Public HealthBeijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical EpidemiologyCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China National Central Cancer Registry office National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Department of Cancer epidemiology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China

Objective: Plant-based diets have multiple health benefits for cancers;however, little is known about the association between plant-based dietary patterns and esophageal cancer(EC).This study presents an investigation of the prospective associations among three predefined indices of plant-based dietary patterns and the risk of ***: We performed endoscopic screening for 15,709 participants aged 40-69 years from two high-risk areas of China from January 2005 to December 2009 and followed the cohort until December 31, 2022. The overall plant-based diet index(PDI), healthful plant-based diet index(h PDI), and unhealthful plant-based diet index(u PDI), were calculated using survey responses to assess dietary patterns. We applied Cox proportional hazard regression to estimate the multivariable hazard ratios(HRs) and 95% confidence intervals(95% CIs) of EC across 3plant-based diet indices and further stratified the analysis by ***: The final study sample included 15,184 participants in the cohort. During a follow-up of 219,365person-years, 176 patients with EC were identified. When the highest quartile was compared with the lowest quartile, the pooled multivariable-adjusted HR of EC was 0.50(95% CI, 0.32-0.77) for h PDI. In addition, the HR per 10-point increase in the h PDI score was 0.42(95% CI, 0.27-0.66) for ECs. Conversely, u PDI was positively associated with the risk of EC, and the HR was 1.80(95% CI, 1.16-2.82). The HR per 10-point increase in the u PDI score was 1.90(95% CI, 1.26-2.88) for ECs. The associations between these scores and the risk of EC were consistent in most subgroups. These results remained robust in sensitivity ***: A healthy plant-based dietary pattern was associated with a reduced risk of EC. Emphasizing the healthiness and quality of plant-based diets may be important for preventing the development of EC.

关键词： Esophageal cancer diet dietary pattern epidemiology nutrition prospective cohort study

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