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Effects of Rosa roxburghii&edible fungus fermentation broth on immune response and gut microbiota in immunosuppressed mice

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第1期13卷 154-165页

作者： Dechang Xu Jielun Hu Yadong Zhong Yanli Zhang Wenting Liu Shaoping Nie Mingyong Xie State Key laboratory of Food Science and Technology China-Canada Joint Laboratory of Food Science and Technology(Nanchang)Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi ProvinceNanchang UniversityNanchang 330047China

With the rise of probiotics fermentation in food industry,fermented foods have attracted worldwide *** this study,protective effects of Rosa roxburghii&edible fungus fermentation broth(REFB)on immune function and gut health in Cyclophosphamide induced immunosuppressed mice were *** showed that REFB could improve the immune organ index,and promote the proliferation and differentiation of splenic T *** addition,it attenuated intestinal mucosal damage and improved intestinal cellular *** administration also up-regulated the expression of IL-4,INF-γ,TNF-α,T-bet and GATA-3 mRNA in small ***,administration of REFB modulated gut microbiota composition and increased the relative abundance of beneficial genus,such as *** also increased the production of fecal short-chain fatty *** indicate that REFB has the potential to improve immunity,alleviate intestinal injury and regulate gut microbiota in immunosuppressed mice.

关键词： Fermented foods Immunosuppressed mice Immune response Gut microbiota Short-chain fatty acids

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Seasonal variation of mesoscale eddy intensity in the global ocean

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第1期43卷 48-58页

作者： Yongcan Zu Yue Fang Shuangwen Sun Libao Gao Yang Yang Guijun Guo First Institute of Oceanography/Key laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China Shandong Key laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling Qingdao 266061China

Mesoscale eddies are a prominent oceanic phenomenon that plays an important role in oceanic mass transport and energy *** by rotational speed,the eddy intensity is one of the most fundamental properties of an ***,the seasonal spatiotemporal variation in eddy intensity has not been examined from a global ocean *** this study,we unveil the seasonal spatiotemporal characteristics of eddy intensity in the global ocean by using the latest satellite-altimetry-derived eddy trajectory data *** results suggest that the eddy intensity has a distinct seasonal variation,reaching a peak in spring while attaining a minimum in autumn in the Northern Hemisphere and the opposite in the Southern *** seasonal variation of eddy intensity is more intense in the tropical-subtropical transition zones within latitudinal bands between 15°and 30°in the western Pacific Ocean,the northwestern Atlantic Ocean,and the eastern Indian Ocean because baroclinic instability in these areas changes *** analysis found that the seasonal variation of baroclinic instability precedes the eddy intensity by a phase of 2–3 months due to the initial perturbations needing time to grow into mesoscale eddies.

关键词： seasonal variation mesoscale eddy intensity baroclinic instability global ocean

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Cross-linkedα-amylase aggregates on Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles modified with polydopamine/polyethyleneimine for efficient hydrolysis of starch

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 98-105页

作者： Jiandong Cui Xiuming Tang Qingqing Ma Yuyan Chang Qunli Zhang Shiru Jia State Key laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation MicrobiologyMinistry of EducationTianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin 300457China Key laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

In this workα-amylase was immobilized on magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles with polyethylenimine(PEI)/polydopamine(PDA)coating or 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane(APTES)for the first time via adsorption–precipitation–*** with the freeα-amylase,the resultant magnetic cross-linkedα-amylase aggregates(PEI/PDA-M-CLEAs and N-M-CLEAs)exhibited excellent thermal and storage stability as well as pH *** storage at 25°C for 60 days,freeα-amylase only retained 60%of its initial activity,while PEI/PDA-M-CLEAs and N-M-CLEAs retained 80%and 78%of their initial activities,***,N-M-CLEAs and PEI/PDA-M-CLEAs showed good *** 6 repeated uses,PEI/PDA-M-CLEAs and N-M-CLEAs still maintained 65%and 62%of their initial activities,***,PEI/PDA-M-CLEAs and N-M-CLEAs exhibited higher starch hydrolysis efficiency than freeα-*** maximum dextrose equivalent(DE)values of starch hydrolysis by PEI/PDA-M-CLEAs and N-M-CLEAs reached 29.24%and 28.79%within 90 min,***,the maximum DE values of starch hydrolysis by the freeα-amylase was only 27.89%even in 150 *** magnetic cross-linkedα-amylase aggregates could be introduced as effective biocatalyst for industrial applications in production of maltose syrups.

关键词： α-amylase Magnetic nanoparticles Functional modification Magnetic cross-linked enzyme aggregates Hydrolysis of starch

Ultrafast micro/nano-manufacturing of metastable materials for energy

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 283-298页

作者： Xiaoya Cui Yanchang Liu Yanan Chen School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology(Ministry of Education) and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsTianjin University Ministry of Education Key laboratory of Protein Sciences School of Life SciencesTsinghua University

The structural engineering of metastable nanomaterials with abundant defects has attracted much attention in energy-related fields. The high-temperature shock(HTS) technique, as a rapidly developing and advanced synthesis strategy, offers significant potential for the rational design and fabrication of high-quality nanocatalysts in an ultrafast, scalable, controllable and eco-friendly way. In this review, we provide an overview of various metastable micro-and nanomaterials synthesized via HTS, including single metallic and bimetallic nanostructures, high entropy alloys, metal compounds(e.g. metal oxides) and carbon nanomaterials. Note that HTS provides a new research dimension for nanostructures, i.e. kinetic modulation. Furthermore, we summarize the application of HTS—as supporting films for transmission electron microscopy grids—in the structural engineering of 2D materials, which is vital for the direct imaging of metastable materials. Finally, we discuss the potential future applications of high-throughput and liquid-phase HTS strategies for non-equilibrium micro/nano-manufacturing beyond energy-related *** is believed that this emerging research field will bring new opportunities to the development of nanoscience and nanotechnology in both fundamental and practical aspects.

关键词： high-temperature shock technique defect engineering metastable phase kinetic modulation non-equilibrium micro/nano-manufacturing

On electro-acoustic characteristics of a marine broadband sparker for seismic exploration

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第3期42卷 760-771页

作者： Jing LI Kai LIU Liancheng ZHANG Chenguang LIU Yanliang PEI Baohua LIU Key laboratory of Marine Geology and Metallogency First Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China laboratory of Marine Geology Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China Key laboratory of Fluid Transmission Technology of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018China Key laboratory of Submarine Acoustic Investigation and Application of Qingdao(Preparatory) Qingdao 266061China Key laboratory of Deep Sea Mineral Resources Development Shandong(Preparatory)Qingdao 266061China

The construction of major marine infrastructure projects and the exploration and development of deep-sea mineral resources require fine imaging of seabed strata and *** highresolution marine seismic exploration based on a high broadband sparker source is an important approach to reveal seabed stratum and reservoir structure,and identify *** optimize the performance of sparker seismic source,we investigated the electro-acoustic characteristics of spark discharge under conditions of different charging voltages and electrode *** show that the sound source level increased with the increase of the charging voltage,whereas the main frequency decreased when the charging voltage *** addition,it was found that the charging capacitance had more obvious influence on the main frequency than the sound source level *** the load energy decreased with increasing electrode number,the sound source level still increased but the main frequency ***,the primary to bubble(P/B)ratio increased with the increase of the electrode *** gain a deeper insight into the electro-acoustic characteristics,we investigate the relationship between sound source level and power peak,from which a good correlation was observed.A more practical statistical analysis on the rise rate of current was processed,and a perfect logarithmic function was ***,we found that the main frequency was most possibly subjected to the electrical energy,especially the charging energy per *** results indicate that the charging energy per electrode less than 10 J could increase the main frequency to above 300 *** last,the main frequency could be reduced to 20 Hz when the charging energy of a single-electrode discharge was enhanced to over 4 *** study shall be helpful in developing a sparker seismic source and improving the performance for marine engineering exploration and geohazard assessment.

关键词： high-resolution marine seismic exploration sparker seismic source sound source level main frequency electro-acoustic characteristics

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Traceable Lactate-Fueled Self-Acting Photodynamic Therapy against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

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Research 2024年第3期2024卷 723-733页

作者： Yifan Zhang Guangle Feng Ting He Min Yang Jing Lin Peng Huang Marshall laboratory of Biomedical Engineering International Cancer CenterShenzhen Key Laboratory of Tumor Visualization Molecular MedicineLaboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics(LET)School of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen University Medical SchoolShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518055China.

The depth of light penetration and tumor hypoxia restrict the efficacy of photodynamic therapy(PDT)in triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC),while the overproduction of lactate(LA)facilitates the development,aggressiveness,and therapy resistance of *** address these issues,a self-acting PDT nanosystem(HL@hMnO_(2)-LO_(x)@HA)is fabricated by loading 2-(1-hexyloxyethyl)-2-devinyl pyropheophorbide-alpha(HPPH),luminol,and LA oxidase(LO_(x))in a hyaluronic acid(HA)-coated hollow manganese dioxide(hMnO_(2))***_(x) catalyzes the oxidation of LA into pyruvate and hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)),thus depleting the overproduced intratumoral *** the acidic tumor microenvironment,H_(2)O_(2) reacts with luminol and hMnO_(2) to yield blue luminescence as well as O_(2) and Mn^(2+),***^(2+)could further enhance this *** is then excited by the chemiluminescence through chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer for self-illuminated *** generated O_(2) alleviates the hypoxia state of the TNBC tumor to produce sufficient 1O_(2) for self-oxygenation *** Mn^(2+)performs T1 magnetic resonance imaging to trace the self-acting PDT *** work provides a biocompatible strategy to conquer the limits of light penetration and tumor hypoxia on PDT against TNBC as well as LA overproduction.

关键词： Breast Therapy manganese

Evolutionary dynamics and comparative pathogenicity of clade 2.3.4.4b H5 subtype avian influenza viruses,China,2021–2022

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第3期39卷 358-368页

作者： Siru Lin Junhong Chen Ke Li Yang Liu Siyuan Fu Shumin Xie Aimin Zha Aiguo Xin Xinyu Han Yuting Shi Lingyu Xu Ming Liao Weixin Jia National Avian Influenza Para-Reference laboratory Guangdong Engineering Laboratory for Medicament of Zoonosis Prevention and ControlKey Laboratory of Zoonoses Prevention and Control of Guangdong ProvinceLaboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureCollege of Veterinary MedicineSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou510642China Key laboratory of Zoonoses Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine DevelopmentMinistry of AgricultureGuangzhou510642China Institute of Poultry Management and Diseases Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary InstituteKunming650000China

The recent concurrent emergence of H5N1,H5N6,and H5N8 avian influenza viruses(AIVs)has led to significant avian mortality *** 2020,frequent human-animal interactions have been *** gain insight into the novel H5 subtype AIVs(i.e.,H5N1,H5N6 and H5N8),we collected 6102 samples from various regions of China between January 2021 and September 2022,and identified 41 H5Nx *** analyses on the evolution and biological properties of these isolates were *** analysis revealed that the 41 H5Nx strains belonged to clade 2.***.4.4b,with 13 related to H5N1,19 to H5N6,and 9 to *** based on global 2.***.4.4b viruses showed that all the viruses described in this study were likely originated from H5N8,exhibiting a heterogeneous evolutionary history between H5N1 and H5N6 during 2015–2022 worldwide.H5N1 showed a higher rate of evolution in 2021–2022 and more sites under positive selection pressure in 2015–*** antigenic profiles of the novel H5N1 and H5N6 exhibited notable *** hemagglutination inhibition assay suggested that some A(H5N1)viruses may be antigenically distinct from the circulating H5N6 and H5N8 *** challenge assays demonstrated that the H5N8 virus(21GD001_H5N8)displayed the highest pathogenicity in mice,followed by the H5N1 virus(B1557_H5N1)and then the H5N6 virus(220086_H5N6),suggesting a heterogeneous virulence profile of H5 AIVs in the mammalian *** on the above results,we speculate that A(H5N1)viruses have a higher risk of emergence in the ***,these findings unveil a new landscape of different evolutionary history and biological characteristics of novel H5 AIVs in clade 2.***.4.4b,contributing to a better understanding of designing more effective strategies for the prevention and control of novel H5 AIVs.

关键词： Avian influenza virus(AIV) H5 subtypes AIVs Evolutionary Pathogenicity

Influence of tectonic preservation conditions on the nanopore structure of shale reservoir: A case study of Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation shale in western Hubei area, south China

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Petroleum Science 2024年第4期21卷 2203-2217页

作者： Meng Xiang Shang Xu Ya-Ru Wen Qi-Yang Gou Bing-Chang Liu National Key laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas China University of Petroleum (East China) Hubei Key laboratory of Resources and Eco-environment Geology Hubei Geological Survey Key laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences

Tectonism is one of the dominant factors affecting the shale pore structure. However, the control of shale pore structure by tectonic movements is still controversial, which limits the research progress of shale gas accumulation mechanism in the complex tectonic region of southern China. In this study, 34 samples were collected from two exploratory wells located in different tectonic locations. Diverse experiments,e.g., organic geochemistry, XRD analysis, FE-SEM, low-pressure gas adsorption, and high-pressure mercury intrusion, were conducted to fully characterize the shale reservoir. The TOC, Ro, and mineral composition of the shale samples between the two wells are similar, which reflects that the shale samples of the two wells have proximate pores-generating capacity and pores-supporting ***, the pore characteristics of shale samples from two wells are significantly different. Compared with the stabilized zone shale, the porosity, pore volume, and specific surface area of the deformed zone shale were reduced by 60.61%, 64.85%, and 27.81%, respectively. Moreover, the macroscopic and fine pores were reduced by 54.01% and 84.95%, respectively. Fault activity and uplift denudation are not conducive to pore preservation, and the rigid basement of Huangling uplift can promote pore preservation. These three factors are important reasons for controlling the difference in pore structure between two wells shales. We established a conceptual model of shale pores evolution under different tectonic preservation conditions. This study is significant to clarify the scale of shale gas formation and enrichment in complex tectonic regions, and helps in the selection of shale sweet spots.

关键词： Shale gas Pore structure Tectonic preservation conditions Shale gas enrichment mechanism

Rational design of diamond through microstructure engineering:From synthesis to applications

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Carbon Energy 2024年第7期6卷 94-122页

作者： Yalun Ku Wentao Huang Xing Li Li Wan Kuikui Zhang Longbin Yan Ying Guo Shaobo Cheng Chongxin Shan Henan Key laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Key Laboratory of Material PhysicsMinistry of EducationSchool of Physics and Laboratory of Zhongyuan LightZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina Institute of Quantum Materials and Physics Henan Academy of SciencesZhengzhouChina

Diamond possesses excellent thermal conductivity and tunable ***,the high-pressure,high-temperature,and chemical vapor deposition methods are the most promising strategies for the commercial-scale production of synthetic *** diamond has been extensively employed in jewelry and cutting/grinding tasks,the realization of its high-end applications through microstructure engineering has long been ***,we discuss the microstructures encountered in diamond and further concentrate on cutting-edge investigations utilizing electron microscopy techniques to illuminate the transition mechanism between graphite and diamond during the synthesis and device *** impacts of distinct microstructures on the electrical applications of diamond,especially the photoelectrical,electrical,and thermal properties,are *** recently reported elastic and plastic deformations revealed through in situ microscopy techniques are also ***,the limitations,perspectives,and corresponding solutions are proposed.

关键词： diamond in situ microscopy microstructures phase transition structure-property relationship