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International Journal of co.l Science & Technology 2024年第1期11卷 167-179页

作者： Tongtong Luo Jianguo Wang Li Chen Chaoya Sun Qian Liu Fenggang Wang CCDC Geological exploration&development Research Institute Chengdu610056SichuanChina China University of Petroleum(Beijing) ChangpingBeijing102249China exploration and development Department of Chongqing Shale Gas exploration and development co. Ltd.Chongqing834000China

Deep shale reservoirs(3500–4500 m)exhibit significantly different stress states than moderately deep shale reservoirs(2000–3500 m).As a result,the brittleness response mechanisms of deep shales are also *** is urgent to investigate methods to evaluate the brittleness of deep shales to meet the increasingly urgent needs of deep shale gas *** this paper,the quotient of Young’s modulus divided by Poisson’s ratio based on triaxial co.pression tests under in situ stress co.ditions is taken as SSBV(Static Standard Brittleness Value).A new and pragmatic technique is developed to determine the static brittleness index that co.siders elastic parameters,the mineral co.tent,and the in situ stress co.ditions(BIEMS).The co.fficient of determination between BIEMS and SSBV reaches 0.555 for experimental data and 0.805 for field *** co.fficient is higher than that of other brittleness indices when co.pared to *** can offer detailed insights into shale brittleness under various co.ditions,including different mineral co.positions,depths,and stress *** technique can provide a solid data-based foundation for the selection of‘sweet spots’for single-well engineering and the co.parison of the brittleness of shale gas production layers in different areas.

关键词： Deep shale reservoirs Brittleness Pressure effect Evaluation method Longmaxi formation Sichuan Basin

Effect of alumina occurrence form on metallurgical properties of hematite and magnetite pellets

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第4期31卷 797-809页

作者： Jian Pan Chen-mei Tang co.g-co.g Yang De-qing Zhu Zheng-qi Guo Wei-qun Huang School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083HunanChina exploration and development of Geology and Mineral Resources co. Ltd.Nanchang 330030JiangxiChina

The effect of alumina occurrence form on the metallurgical properties of both hematite and magnetite pellets was investigated at the same Al_(2)O level of 2 wt.%,including reduction index(RI),low-temperature reduction disintegration index(RDI),reduction swelling index(RSI),and high-temperature softening-dripping *** mineralogy of fired pellets was also studied to reveal the influence of alumina occurrence form on the phase co.position and *** the results,the alumina occurrence form presents tremendous impacts on the metallurgical perfor-mance of both magnetite and hematite *** of all alumina occurrence forms co.tributes to inferior reducibility of pellets,especially in the case of gibbsite for magnetite pellets with a RI of 58.4%and kaolinite for hematite pellets with a RI of 56.8%.However,addition of all alumina occurrence forms improves the RDI of magnetite pellets,while there is no significant difference among various alumina occurrence *** co.trast,alumina occurrence forms have little influence on the RDI of hematite *** presence of free alumina,gibbsite,and kaolinite tends to improve the RSI of hematite and magnetite pellets,whereas hercynite gives the opposite trend with a RSI of 25.6%.For softening-dripping performance of magnetite pellets,all alumina occurrence forms co.tribute to narrower softening-melting ***,alumina,gibbsite,and kaolinite give narrower softening-dripping interval,at 229,217,and 88℃,respectively,whereas addition of hercynite results in the largest melting range at 276℃ due to its high melting *** hematite pellets,free alumina,gibbsite,and hercynite tend to enlarge melting range,whereas kaolinite co.tributes to lower dripping temperature of 1148℃ and narrow softening-dripping interval of 88℃ due to the formation of a greater amount of slag phase at high temperatures.

关键词： Oxidized pellet Magnetite Hematite Alumina occurrence form Metallurgical performance Blast furnace

The Middle Miocene lobe-shaped and band-shaped submarine fans in the Lingshui Sag,Qiongdongnan Basin:source-to-sink system,genesis and implication

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第4期43卷 61-79页

作者： Xingzong Yao co.gjun Feng Hongjun Qu Min Zhang Daming Li State Key Laboratory of co.tinental Dynamics Northwest UniversityXi’an 710069China Department of Geology Northwest UniversityXi’an 710069China exploration and development Technology Research Center of Yanchang Oilfield co. Ltd.Yan’an 716000China Chexplor Resource exploration Technology co. Ltd.Huaibei 235000China

Deepwater oil and gas exploration is the key to sustainable breakthroughs in petroleum exploration *** Central Canyon gas field has co.firmed the Lingshui Sag is a hydrocarbon-generating sag,and the deepwater reservoirs in the Lingshui Sag still have more fabulous oil and gas exploration *** on drilling data and three-dimensional(3D)seismic data,this paper uses seismic facies analysis,seismic attribute analysis,and co.erence slice analysis to identify the types of submarine fans(lobe-shaped and band-shaped submarine fans)that developed in the Lingshui Sag during the Middle Miocene,clarify the source-to-sink system of the submarine fans and discuss the genesis mechanism of the submarine *** results show that:(1)the deepwater source-to-sink system of the Lingshui Sag in the Middle Miocene mainly co.sisted of a“delta(sediment supply)-submarine canyon(sediment transport channel)-submarine fan(deepwater sediment sink)”association;(2)the main factor co.trolling the formation of the submarine fans developed in the Lingshui Sag was on the relative sea level decline;and(3)the bottom current reworked the lobe-shaped submarine fan that developed in the northern Lingshui Sag and formed the band-shaped submarine fan with a greater sand *** paper aims to provide practical geological knowledge for subsequent petroleum exploration and development in the deepwater area of the Qiongdongnan Basin through a detailed analysis of the Middle Miocene submarine fan sedimentary system developed in the Lingshui Sag.

关键词： submarine fan source-to-sink system genesis mechanism Middle Miocene Lingshui Sag

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Simulation Method and Feature Analysis of Shutdown Pressure Evolution During Multi-Cluster Fracturing Stimulation

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Energy Engineering 2024年第1期121卷 111-123页

作者： Huaiyin He Longqing Zou Yanchao Li Yixuan Wang Junxiang Li Huan Wen Bei Chang Lijun Liu Shale Gas exploration and development Department CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co.Ltd.Chengdu610051China co.lege of Energy Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu610059China

Multistage multi-cluster hydraulic fracturing has enabled the eco.omic exploitation of shale reservoirs,but the interpretation of hydraulic fracture parameters is *** pressure signals after pump shutdown are influenced by hydraulic fractures,which can reflect the geometric features of hydraulic *** shutdown pressure can be used to interpret the hydraulic fracture parameters in a real-time and co.t-effective *** this paper,a mathematical model for shutdown pressure evolution is developed co.sidering the effects of wellbore friction,perforation friction and fluid loss in *** efficient numerical simulation method is established by using the method of *** on this method,the impacts of fracture half-length,fracture height,opened cluster and perforation number,and filtration co.fficient on the evolution of shutdown pressure are *** results indicate that a larger fracture half-length may hasten the decay of shutdown pressure,while a larger fracture height can slow down the decay of shutdown pressure.A smaller number of opened clusters and perforations can significantly increase the perforation friction and decrease the overall level of shutdown pressure.A larger filtration co.fficient may accelerate the fluid filtration in the fracture and hasten the drop of the shutdown *** simulation method of shutdown pressure,as well as the analysis results,has important implications for the interpretation of hydraulic fracture parameters.

关键词： Multistage multi-cluster hydraulic fracturing pump shutdown pressure feature analysis numerical simulation

Full waveform inversion based on hybrid gradient

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1660-1670页

作者： Chuang Xie Zhi-Liang Qin Jian-Hua Wang Peng Song Heng-Guang Shen Sheng-Qi Yu Ben-Jun Ma Xue-Qin Liu Qingdao Innovation and development Base Harbin Engineering UniversityQingdao266000ShandongChina Qingdao Innovation and development Center Harbin Engineering UniversityQingdao266000ShandongChina CNOOC Research Institute co. Ltd.Beijing100028China co.lege of Marine Geoscience Ocean University of ChinaQingdao266100ShandongChina Weihai Sunfull Geophysical exploration Equipment co. Ltd.Weihai264209ShandongChina

The low-wavenumber co.ponents in the gradient of full waveform inversion(FWI)play a vital role in the stability of the ***,when FWI is implemented in some high frequencies and current models are not far away from the real velocity model,an excessive number of low-wavenumber co.ponents in the gradient will also reduce the co.vergence rate and inversion *** solve this problem,this paper firstly derives a formula of scattering angle weighted gradient in FWI,then proposes a hybrid *** hybrid gradient co.bines the co.ventional gradient of FWI with the scattering angle weighted gradient in each inversion frequency band based on an empirical formula derived *** weighted hybrid mode,we can retain some low-wavenumber co.ponents in the initial lowfrequency inversion to ensure the stability of the inversion,and use more high-wavenumber co.ponents in the high-frequency inversion to improve the co.vergence *** results of synthetic data experiment demonstrate that co.pared to the co.ventional FWI,the FWI based on the proposed hybrid gradient can effectively reduce the low-wavenumber co.ponents in the gradient under the premise of ensuring inversion *** also greatly enhances the co.vergence rate and inversion accuracy,especially in the deep part of the *** the field marine seismic data experiment also illustrates that the FWI based on hybrid gradient(HGFWI)has good stability and adaptability.

关键词： Full waveform inversion Hybrid gradient Scattering angle weighted Low-wavenumber co.ponent

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Characteristics and genesis of tuffaceous shale oil lithofacies:A case study of Lucaogou Formation in Santanghu Basin

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Petroleum Research 2024年第1期9卷 37-47页

作者： Dongsheng Xiao Xiong fei Xu Jilun Kang Yiting Zhang PetroChina Tuha Oilfield co.pany exploration and development Research Institute China

Lucaogou Formation in the Santanghu Basin is a special lacustrine fine-grained sedimentary deposits rich in volcanic debris and carbonate,with abundant shale oil ***,understanding of shale oil characteristics and genesis remains ***,sedimentary environment,and formation mechanisms of tuffaceous shale oil are investigated based on co.e and thin section observations,X-ray diffraction,field emission SEM and geochemical *** show that three mixed lithofacies types are developed in Lucaogou Formation:blocky tuff,laminated tuffaceous dolomite,and laminated dolomitic *** lithofacies types are characterized by high co.tent of felsic and dolostone,widespread organic matter,and low clay *** of tuffaceous shale oil sweet spots is primarily influenced by four factors:inputting of volcanic ash as a high-quality source rocks and reservoirs provides good material basis;devitrification of volcanic glass,calcitization,and dissolution are crucial for formation of reservoirs;expulsion of source rocks with high-abundance organic matter expulsion facilitates migration and accumulation of hydrocarbon in adjacent reservoirs;fracture development improves reservoir permeability to form highly productive sweet *** analyzing characteristics and genesis of tuffaceous shale oil,the main co.trolling factors of reservoir physical property and oil saturation are clarified,which is of great significance for selection of shale oil exploration zones.

关键词： shale oil Tuffaceous Formation mechanism Lucaogou formation Santanghu basin

The determination of sedimentary environment and associated energy in deep-buried marine carbonates:insights from natural gamma ray spectrometry log

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2024年第1期18卷 204-218页

作者： Jingyan LIU Qian CHANG Junlong ZHANG Hui CHAI Feng HE Yizan YANG Shiqiang XIA School of Energy Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China exploration and development Research Institute Daqing Oilfield CompanyPetroChinaDaqing 163712China China National Oil and Gas exploration and development co. Ltd(CNODC)Beijing 100032China Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology Beijing 100029China co.lege of Mining Engineering North China University of Science and TechnologyTangshan 063210China

It has always been challenging to determine the ancient sedimentary environment and associated energy in deep-buried marine *** energy represents the hydrodynamic co.ditions that existed when the carbonates were *** energy includes light and chemical energies in co.pounds and kinetic energy in currents and mass ***-buried marine carbonates deposited during the Ordovician depositional period in the eastern Tarim Basin result from a co.plex interplay of tectonics,sedimentation,and *** a result,determining the ancient sedimentary environment and associated energy is *** natural gamma-ray spectrometry(GRS)log(from 12 wells)is used in this paper to co.duct studies on the sedimentary environment and associated energy in deep-buried marine *** findings show that the values of thorium(Th),uranium(U),potassium(K),and gamma-ray without uranium(KTh)in a natural GRS log can reveal lithological associations,mineral co.position,diagenetic environment,stratigraphic water activity,and ancient climatic *** the Ordovician,quantitative analysis and determination of sedimentary environment energy are carried out using a co.prehensive calculation of natural GRS log parameters in typical wells(penetrating through the Ordovician with co.es and thin sections)of well GC4,well GC6,well GC7,and well *** results show that GRS log can determine different lithology associations in typical wells than a sieve residue ***,co.es and thin sections can be used to validate the determination of lithology *** on the determination of lithology associations,the lithology associations that reflect the sedimentary environment and associated energy can be analyzed in a new ***,the sedimentary environment energy curve derived from a natural GRS log can reveal hydrodynamic fluctuations during depositional periods,which will aid in the disco.ery of carbonate reservoirs,establishing sequence stratigra

关键词： ancient sedimentary environment energy of sedimentary environment marine deep-buried carbonates natural GRS the Ordovician eastern Tarim Basin

Jet Characteristics and Optimization of a Cavitation Nozzle for Hydraulic Fracturing Applications

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第1期20卷 179-192页

作者： Yu Gao Zhenqiang Xu Kaixiang Shen Shenzhen South China Sea Oil Eco.omic development co. Ltd.Shenzhen518000China Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey China Geological SurveyGuangzhou511458China National Engineering Research Center of Gas Hydrate exploration and development Guangzhou511458China

Hydraulic jetting is a form of fracturing that involves using a high-pressure jet of water to create fractures in the reservoir rock with a nozzle serving as the central co.ponent of the hydraulic sandblasting perforation *** this study,the flow behavior of the nozzle is simulated numerically in the framework of a SST k-ωturbulence *** results show that the nozzle structure can significantly influence the jet performance and related cavitation *** orthogonal experiments,the nozzle geometric parameters are optimized,and the following co.figuration is found acco.dingly:co.traction angle 20°,co.traction segment length 6 mm,cylindrical segment diameter 6 mm,cylindrical segment length 12 mm,spread segment length 10 mm,and spread angle 55°.

关键词： Cavitation jet angle nozzle hydraulic characteristics nozzle parameters

Unco.er the diagenetic water co.dition and dolomite formation in the Songliao Basin 91 Ma

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： Yuke Liu Huajian Wang Jinyou Zhang Yuntao Ye Xiaomei Wang Shuichang Zhang Research Institute of Petroleum exploration and development National Key Laboratory for Multi-resource co.laborated Green development of co.tinental Shale Oil Key Laboratory of Deep Petroleum Intelligent exploration and development， Institute of Geology and Geophysics， Chinese Academy of Sciences PetroChina Daqing Oilfield co.， Ltd.

Lacustrine dolomite is receiving increasing attention to answer the diagenetic water co.dition of paleo-lake and “dolomite problem”. Here， a dolomite nodule from the Qingshankou Formation in the Songliao Basin was analyzed to explore the salinity， alkalinity， and redox co.ditions of the diagenetic water. Multiple proxies， including bulk boron （B） co.tent， B isotope co.position (δ11Bbul)， boron to gallium weight ratio （B/Ga） and carbonate oxygen isotope co.position (δ18Ocarb)， were used to determine the diagenetic water to be brackish-fresh. Through numerical simulation， we calculated the B co.tents， δ11B values and B/Ga in detritus （e.g.， clay， quartz and feldspar） and dolomite as two endmembers， co.firming the intense interference of clay minerals on δ11Bbul. By using the fitted δ11B of dolomite endmember （20.6‰）， we calculated the pH value of the diagenetic water to be 8.2. The negative δ11B value of detritus endmember （-12.9‰） might be related to the terrestrial weathering. The indicative nature of strontium to barium weight ratio （Sr/Ba） was discussed to deny its applicability as a proxy of salinity in carbonate system. High Sr/Ba ratio in this dolomite nodule indicated a sulfate-poor water co.dition， co.sistent with the iron-manganese （Fe-Mn） reduction environments reflected by the Mn/Fe molar ratio. The positive carbonate carbon isotopes (δ13Ccarb， 4.5‰-9.4‰) indicate that methanogenesis dominated the formation of dolomite， co.nciding with the weak sulfate reduction reaction in sulfate-poor water. The growth of dolomite nodule might be related to the microbial activities of methanogen and iron reducing bacteria， which had not only maintained the salinity， pH， and redox status of the diagenetic water， but also led to a ferric-methane transition zone （FMTZ）. This research depicts a scenario about the diagenetic water environment of lacustrine dolomite formed in brackish-fresh water， which is different from that occurred in sulfate-rich co.dition.

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Differences in and factors co.trolling organic matter enrichment in the Ziliujing Formation shale in the Sichuan Basin

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 77-86页

作者： Peng Li Zhong-Bao Liu He Bi Tao Jiang Rui-Kang Bian Peng-Wei Wang Xiao-Yu Shang State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Efficient development Beijing102206China Key Laboratory of Shale Oil/Gas exploration and Production Technology SINOPECBeijing102206China Petroleum exploration and Production Research Institute SINOPECBeijing102206China Research Institute of Petroleum exploration and development PetroChinaBeijing100083China Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing100037China No.4 Oil Production Plant in Daqing Oilfield co.Ltd. Daqing163511HeilongjiangChina

Lacustrine shale oil and gas are important fields for unco.ventional exploration and development in China,and organic-rich shale deposition lays down the critical foundation for hydrocarbon *** are two sets of shale,the Dongyuemiao and Da’anzhai Members,in the Ziliujing Formation in the Sichuan *** identify the differential enrichment characteristics of organic matter and clarify its co.trolling factors,geochemical analyses of organic and inorganic geochemical analyses were *** results showed that the total organic carbon co.tent of the Dongyuemiao shale(1.36%)is slightly higher than that of the Da’anzhai shale(0.95%).The enrichment of organic matter in the two shales resulted from the co.prehensive co.trols of paleoproductivity,paleoenvironment,and terrigenous input,but different factors have different *** addition,driven by climate,the change in the sulfate co.centration in the bottom water further led to the different intensities of bacterial sulfate reduction in early *** made a great difference regarding organic matter accumulation in the two *** general,climate may have played a dominant role in organic matter enrichment in the two sets of shale.

关键词： Lacustrine shale Ziliujing Formation Sichuan Basin Enrichment mechanism of organic matter

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