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Sludge co.position and characteristics shaped microbial co.munity and further determined process performance: A study on full-scale thermal hydrolysis-anaerobic digestion processes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 96-107页

作者： Wei Liu Chenxiang Sun Wei Li Tianle Li Zhan Chen Jiawei Wang Zhengran Ren Xianghua Wen School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Jinneng holding Group DatongShanxi 037000China Research and Development Center Beijing Drainage Group Co.Ltd.Beijing 100124China Beijing Dabeinong Science and Technology Group co. Ltd.Beijing 100080China

Anaerobic digestion (AD) with thermal hydrolysis (TH) pretreatment is a promising process for excess sludge treatment,while there lacks of the knowledge from full-scale process about the impact of sludge co.position and characteristics on microbial co.munity and *** sludge physiochemical indices,microbial co.munity and performance data of four full-scale TH-AD plants were characterized,and their relationships was *** four plants were operated under almost similar total organic loading rate (OLR)but their methanogenesis performance differentiate into two groups,namely superior group(SupG) and the inferior group (Inf G).In both groups,TH effectively solubilized particulate organic co.pounds,meanwhile raised the ammonia nitrogen (NH_(4)^(+)-N) and volatile fatty acid (VFA) *** with the Sup G,thermal hydrolyzed sludge of Inf G had higher level of VFAs,NH_(4)^(+)-N and total chemical oxygen demand (t co.),which showed higher inhibition effect on microbes,leading to a co.munity with lower diversity,lower abundance of carbohydrate degrading functional guild,higher protein degrading one,and methanogens that adapted to limited substrates,and further declined the methane production ***,it was reco.mended that OLR alone was not sufficient for co.trolling the system in design and operation,the co.centration of VFAs,NH_(4)^(+)-N and t co. should be equally *** higher co.centration,together with the higher abundance of Defluviitoga and Proteiniphilum were reco.mended as indicators for inferior running *** results proposed that microbial co.munities played a role of bridge between environmental factors and performance,provided implications for engineering eco.ogy and operational regulation for full-scale sludge TH-AD process.

关键词： Thermal hydrolysis Anaerobic digestion Microbial co.munity Full-scale

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Microstructure and Shear Properties Evolution of Minor Fe-Doped SAC/Cu Substrate Solder Joint under Isothermal Aging

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第7期37卷 1279-1290页

作者： Quanzhen Li Chengming Li Xiaojing Wang Shanshan Cai Jubo Peng Shujin Chen Jiajun Wang Xiaohong Yuan Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Zhenjiang212003China R&D Center Yunnan Tin Group(Holding)Co.LtdKunming650000China The 58 Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group CorporationWuxi214100China Yunnan Precious Metals Lab Sino-Platinum Metals Co.LtdKunming650156China

Different amounts of Fe(0.005,0.01,0.03,0.05,and 0.07 wt%)were added to SAC305 to study the shear behavior damage of Fe-doped SAC solder joints under thermal loading(170℃,holding time of 0,250,500,and 750 h).The results show that during isothermal aging at 170℃,the average shear force of all solder joints decreases with increasing aging time,while the average fracture energy first increases and then decreases,reaching a maximum at 500 *** Fe doping co.ld both increase shear forces and related fracture energy,with the optimum Fe doping amount being 0.03 wt%within the entire aging *** is because the doping Fe reduces the underco.ling of the SAC305 alloy,resulting in the microstructure refining of solder *** in turn causes the microstructure changing from network structure(SAC305 joint:eutectic network+β-Sn)to a single matrix structure(0.03Fe-doped SAC305 joint:β-Sn matrix+small co.pound particles).Specifically,Fe atoms can replace some Cu in Cu_(6)Sn_(5)(both inside the solder joint and at the interface),and then form(Cu,Fe)_(6)Sn_(5) co.pounds,resulting in an increase in the elastic modulus and nanohardness of the ***,the growth of Cu_(6)Sn_(5) and Cu_(3)Sn intermetallic co.pounds(IMC)layer are inhibited by Fe doping even after the aging time prolonging,and Fe aggregates near the interface co.pound to form FeSn_(2).This study is of great significance for co.trolling the growth of interfacial co.pounds,stabilizing the microstructures,and providing strengthening strategy for solder joint alloy design.

关键词： SAC305 solder Fe doping Shear mechanical behavior Isothermal aging Interfacial intermetallic co.pounds(IMC)

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How Effective are Decentralized Anti-poverty Programs?

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China & World Eco.omy 2024年第4期32卷 85-113页

作者： Shuai Chen Mingda Cheng Jie-Sheng Tan-Soo China Academy for Rural Development and School of Public Affairs Zhejiang UniversityChina Jiangxi Caitong Supply Chain Financial Group co. Ltd.Jiangxi Financial Holding Group Co.Ltd.China Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy National University of SingaporeSingapore

This study examines the effectiveness of China's National Poor co.nties(NPC)program,a decentralized anti-poverty initiative,by analyzing five rounds of individual-level panel data from 1988 to *** impact of two waves of the NPC program(1994 and 2001)is evaluated utilizing a panel fixed-effects regression *** results indicate substantial positive effects,with residents in NPC co.nties experiencing a 47 percent inco.e increase,3.1 percent higher employment rates,and a 5.7 percent rise in household expenditure from 1988 to 2008,in co.parison with non-NPC ***,the program benefited vulnerable populations,dispelling co.cerns about"elite capture."The study also reveals that evolving policy focus has played a pivotal role in sustaining the effects of the program over *** 1994 round prioritized low-skilled employment,and the 2001 wave emphasized productivity enhancement through skills *** findings highlight the co.tinued efficacy of decentralized anti-povertyefforts.

关键词： decentralization elite capture National Poor co.nties program poverty

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Engineering and understanding SnS_(0.5)Se_(0.5)@N/S/Se triple-doped carbon nanofibers for enhanced sodium-ion batteries

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 226-230页

作者： Fanjun Kong Yixin Ge Shi Tao Zhengqiu Yuan Chen Lu Zhida Han Lianghao Yu Bin Qian School of Electronic and Information Engineering Changshu Institute of TechnologyChangshu 215500China Key Laboratory of Spin Electron and Nanomaterials of Anhui Higher Education Institutes Suzhou UniversitySuzhou 234000China Far East holding Group co. Ltd.Yixing 214200China

Tin-based chalco.enides have attracted tremendous attention as an anode material for sodium storage owing to their unique structure and high theoretical capacity. Unfortunately, the large volume change and poor co.ductivity lead to sluggish reaction kinetics and poor cycling performance. Herein, SnS_(0.5)Se_(0.5)nanoparticles co.pled with N/S/Se triple-doped carbon nanofibers(SnS_(0.5)Se_(0.5)@NSSe-C) are designed and synthesized through electrospinning and annealing process. Benefiting from the synergistic effects of SnS_(0.5)Se_(0.5)and NSSe-C, the SnS_(0.5)Se_(0.5)@NSSe-C nanofibers exhibit a high reversible capacity and ultralong cycle life at higher current density for sodium-ion batteries. Furthermore, the sodium storage mechanism and electrochemical reaction kinetics of the SnS_(0.5)Se_(0.5)@NSSe-C co.posite are characterized by the in-situ measurements. The theoretical calculations further reveal the structural advantages of SnS_(0.5)Se_(0.5)@NSSeC co.posite, which exhibits a high adsorption energy of Na+. This work can provide a novel idea for the synthesis of ternary tin-based chalco.enides and is beneficial for the investigation of their reaction kinetics.

关键词： SnS_(0.5)Se_(0.5) Carbon nanofibers Doping Density functional theory Sodium ion batteries

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co.relation Study on Grain Size Characteristics and Geotechnical Properties of Surface Sediments in Qingdao Offshore Area

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第3期23卷 721-730页

作者： LI Anlong WANG Panpan GUO Xijun JI Xiangkun SHEN Kunming LIN Lin YAN Zhichao YUAN Lin Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques Ministry of Education and College of Marine GeosciencesOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China co.lege of Marine Geoscience Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China China co.struction Seco.d Engineering Bureau co. LTDYueyang 414000China Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering M.O.T.Tianjin 3000456China Lianyungang Xuwei Port holding Group co. Ltd.Lianyungang 222042China

The co.prehension of sediment grain size parameters and the co.responding sedimentary environment holds paramount importance in elucidating the engineering geological attributes of the subaqueous *** study delineated the sedimentary environment zoning in the northern sea area of Qingdao through cluster analysis of grain size parameters derived from 123 surface sediment *** study analyzed the co.relation between sediment geotechnical indices and grain size parameters across diverse sedimentary environments.A co.relation equation was established for samples exhibiting a strong *** study found four distinct sedimentary environments in the study area:co.stal,transitional,shallow sea,and *** the same sedimentary environment,the average grain size and sorting co.fficient exhibit significant co.relations with geotechnical indices such as water co.tent,density,shear strength,plastic limit,liquid limit,and plastic ***,notable disparities in the co.relation between grain size parameters and geotechnical indices emerge across different sedimentary environments.

关键词： grain size parameters cluster analysis sedimentary environment co.relations geotechnical indexes

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Analysis of blocking slurry diffusion parameters for a new self-starting drainage anchor cable

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： WANG Xu GE Qi Lü Chengcheng SHU Junwei SUN Hongyue Sino-Italy Ningbo Eco.ogical Park holding Group co.，Ltd Ocean co.lege， Zhejiang University co.lege of Civil Engineering and Architecture， Zhejiang University School of Civil Engineering， Nanjing Forestry University

A new self-starting drainage anchor that co.bines prestressed anchor cables with self-starting drainage is proposed. The novelty of the self-starting drainage method is the realization of the drainage and anchoring in the one inclined borehole. Reduction in the number of boreholes can greatly decrease the co.struction co.t and duration of the project. The adverse effect of drilling co.struction disturbance on the slope is reduced. To tackle the possible blockage of the drainage cavity due to slurry leakage during the solidification process after finishing grouting in the blocking section. To this end， a theoretical equation for the slurry diffusion radius under slurry self-weight pressure boundary co.ditions is deduced. The result is verified for precision through co.parison with numerical simulation. The findings reveal that the permeability co.fficient of rock and soil mass makes the most significant impact on the slurry diffusion radius， succeeded by the length of the grouting blocking section， slurry initial setting time， and drilling inclination in descending order of influence. With the 5% mass ratio of a "711" type slurry quick-setting agent， the maximum slurry diffusion radius can be reduced from 0.925m to 0.449m， a reduction of 0.476m， which is co.paratively more reco.mended.

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Preparation of sodium molybdate from molybdenum co.centrate by microwave roasting and alkali leaching

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第1期31卷 91-105页

作者： Fengjuan Zhang Chenhui Liu Srinivasakannan Chandrasekar Yingwei Li Fuchang Xu School of Chemistry and Environment Yunnan Minzu UniversityKunming 650500China Chemical Engineering Department Khalifa UniversityAbu DhabiUAE Yunnan Zhong Tai Technology co. Ltd.Kunming 650500China Yunnan Yongchang Silico. Industry co. Ltd.Baoshan 678000China

The preparation process of sodium molybdate has the disadvantages of high energy co.sumption,low thermal efficiency,and high raw material requirement of molybdenum trioxide,in order to realize the green and efficient development of molybdenum co.centrate resources,this paper proposes a new process for efficient reco.ery of molybdenum from molybdenum co.centrate and preparation of sodium molybdate by microwave-enhanced roasting and alkali *** analysis indicated the feasibility of oxidation roasting of molybdenum *** effects of roasting temperature,holding time,and power-to-mass ratio on the oxidation product and leaching product sodium molybdate (Na_(2)MoO_(4)·2H_(2)O) were *** the optimal process co.ditions:roasting temperature of 700℃,holding time of 110 min,and power-to-mass ratio of 110 W/g,the molybdenum state of existence was co.verted from MoS_(2) to Mo *** process of preparing sodium molybdate by alkali leaching of molybdenum calcine was investigated,the optimal leaching co.ditions include a solution co.centration of 2.5 mol/L,a liquid-to-solid ratio of 2 mL/g,a leaching temperature of 60℃,and leaching solution termination at pH *** optimum co.ditions result in a leaching rate of sodium molybdate of 96.24%.Meanwhile,the co.tent of sodium molybdate reaches 94.08wt%after leaching and removing *** and aluminum impurities can be effectively separated by adjusting the pH of the leaching solution with sodium carbonate *** research avoids the shortco.ings of the traditional process and utilizes the advantages of microwave metallurgy to prepare high-quality sodium molybdate,which provides a new idea for the highvalue utilization of molybdenum co.centrate.

关键词： molybdenum metallurgy microwave oxidation roasting removing impurities sodium hydroxide leaching

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Effect of austenitizing co.dition on mechanical properties,microstructure and precipitation behavior of AISI H13 steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第1期31卷 143-156页

作者： An-gang Ning Yang Liu Rui Gao Stephen Yue Ming-bo Wang Han-jie Guo co.lege of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan030024ShanxiChina Department of mining and Materials Engineering McGill UniversityMontrealQCH3A 0C5Canada ASSAB Tooling Technology(Chongqing)co. Ltd.Chongqing401120China School of Metallurgical and Eco.ogical Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China

The effects of austenitizing temperature(1223,1303,and 1373 K)and holding time(1-1500 s)on the microstructure,mechanical properties,and precipitation behavior of the H13 hot work die steel were *** results indicate a softening phenomenon when H13 steel is austenitized at 1303 K beyond 900 s and 1373 K beyond 600 s,*** the sample held for 1200 s,the tensile strength is found capable of reaching up to 2.2 GPa when quenched from a temperature above 1303 ***,prior-austenite grain size increases with the increase in austenitizing *** kinetic behavior of the precipitates(mainly MC-type carbides)in H13 steel co.ld be elaborated through the principles set forth by the Arrhenius and Avrami ***,the co.prehensive strengthening of the H13 steel was discussed in *** results show that the activation energy of the transformed fraction of carbides is higher than that of the diffusion process for co.mon alloying elements(Cr,V,Mo,and Ni)found in the *** suggests that it would be difficult for precipitates to dissolve into the matrix when H13 steel is austenitized at high *** the increasing austenitizing temperature,the precipitation fraction decreases,and the dislocation density *** dislocation strengthening is regarded as the dominant strengthening co.tributed to yield strength in as-quenched H13 steel.

关键词： H13 steel Austenitizing Mechanical property Precipitation behavior co.prehensive strengthening

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合理设计多电子转移机制实现更好的水系锌-有机电池

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Science China Materials 2024年第5期67卷 1367-1378页

作者： Kovan Khasraw Abdalla 王越洋 Kozhi Khasraw Abdalla 熊嘉伟李琦王斌孙晓明赵逸 State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China Department of Biomedical Science Komar University of Science and TechnologySulaimaniyahIraq co.lege of Education University of GeorgiaAthensGA30605USA minmetals Exploration&Development co. LTDBeijing100010China Advanced Technology Research Institute Beijing Institute of TechnologyJinan250300China

由于环境相容性好、分子结构可定制和有机物资源丰富等优势,水系锌-有机物电池(AZOBs)成为构建新一代大规模储能系统的关键技术.然而,电导率差、有机物溶解和单一活性基团等问题严重限制了有机物正极材料的倍率性能、稳定性和比容量.因... 详细信息

由于环境相容性好、分子结构可定制和有机物资源丰富等优势,水系锌-有机物电池(AZOBs)成为构建新一代大规模储能系统的关键技术.然而,电导率差、有机物溶解和单一活性基团等问题严重限制了有机物正极材料的倍率性能、稳定性和比容量.因此,具备多氧化还原中心和稳定骨架的有机物正极材料对于实现高性能有机物正极材料至关重要.这些多官能团有机物可协同作用并激发基于多电子转移的氧化还原反应,进而促进H^(+)/Zn^(2+)共嵌以显著提升电池性能.本文探索了多官能团有机物电极的分子结构与其氧化还原反应机理之间的构效关系.本文综述了多官能团有机正极材料在提高氧化还原电位、比容量、动力学以及稳定性等方面面临的挑战和解决策略,为进一步开发先进AZOBs的关键正极材料提供了重要基础.

关键词： aqueous zinc organic battery multifunctional organic cathodes energy storage mechanism molecular structure optimization high performance

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Influence of oxygen-rich hot air co.posite gas medium on sintering performance and function mechanism

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第5期31卷 1071-1081页

作者： Min Gan Hao-xiang Zheng Xiao-hui Fan Zhi-yun Ji Qiang Li Ming Wu Yi-fan Wang Xiao-long Wang Yu-feng Wu Xu-ling Chen Zeng-qing Sun Xiao-xian Huang School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering Central South UniversityChangsha410083HunanChina Shanxi Taigang Stainless Steel co. Ltd.Taiyuan030003ShanxiChina

Hot air sintering technology is used to improve the quality and production efficiency of sintered ***,the current thick layer co.dition highlights the disadvantage of the low oxygen potential of the hot air sintering ***,it is co.sidered to use oxygen enrichment sintering to improve the environment of hot air *** sintering,hot air sintering,and oxygen-rich hot air sintering were co.pared through sintering cup experiments,and the influence of hot air and oxygen-rich hot air on sintering indexes was *** air reduced the vertical sintering velocity,while improved the yield and tumbler ***-rich hot air sintering co.tributed to improving the vertical sintering velocity while ensuring the quality of sintered ore,thus co.prehensively improving production *** the action of hot air,the highest temperature of the sintering layer increased and the high-temperature holding time was *** oxygen enrichment,the co.bustion efficiency of fuels in the upper layer of materials was promoted,which optimized heat distribution in the middle and lower layers of materials and increased the co.tent of calcium ferrite in the sintered ore,thus strengthening the sintering process.

关键词： Iron ore sintering Hot air sintering Oxygen enrichment Function mechanism

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