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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第3期10卷 698-712页

作者： Likun Lin Qiming Chen Kaili Yuan Caihua Xing Qinghai Qiao Xiaosan Huang Shaoling Zhang State Key laboratory of Crop genetics and Germplasm Enhancement/College of Horticulture Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu210095China

The Arabidopsis Toxicos en Levadura(ATL)protein is a subfamily of the E3 ubiquitin ligases,which exists widely in plants and is extensively involved in plant growth and *** the ATL family has been identified in other species,such as Arabidopsis,Oryza sativa,and grapevine,few reports on pear ATL gene families have been *** this study,92 PbrATL genes were identified and analyzed from the Pyrus breschneideri *** analysis and phylogenetic tree generation divided them into nine subgroups,and chromosome localization analysis showed that the 92 PbrATL genes were distributed in 16 of 17 pear *** data and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)experiments demonstrated that PbrATL18,PbrATL41,and PbrATL88 were involved in both pear drought resistance and Colletotrichum fructicola *** addition,Arabidopsis thaliana overexpressing PbrATL18 showed greater resistance to drought stress than the wild type(WT),and PbrATL18-silenced pear seedlings showed greater sensitivity to drought and *** infection than the ***18 regulated plant resistance by regulating chitinase(CHI),phenylalanine ammonia-lyase(PAL),polyphenol oxidase(PPO),catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD),and superoxide dismutase(SOD)*** study provided a reference for further exploring the functions of the PbrATL gene in drought resistance and *** infection.

关键词： Pear Colletotrichum fructicola Arabidopsis Toxicos en Levadura(ATL) Drought stress

Establishing VIGS and CRISPR/Cas9 techniques to verify RsPDS function in radish

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第5期23卷 1557-1567页

作者： Jiali Ying Yan Wang Liang Xu Tiaojiao Qin Kai Xia Peng Zhang Yinbo Ma Keyun Zhang Lun Wang Junhui Dong Lianxue Fan Yuelin Zhu Liwang Liu National Key laboratory of Crop genetics&Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization/Key laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement(East China)of ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Horticulture Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China College of Life Sciences Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS)and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein(CRISPR/Cas)systems are effective technologies for rapid and accurate gene function verification in modern plant ***,the investigation of gene silencing and editing in radish remains *** this study,a bleaching phenotype was generated through the knockdown of RsPDS using tobacco rattle virus(TRV)-and turnip yellow mosaic virus(TYMV)-mediated gene silencing *** TYMV-mediated gene silencing efficiency was higher than the TRV-based VIGS system in *** expression level of RsPDS was significantly inhibited using VIGS in'NAU-067'radish *** rootless seedlings of‘NAU-067'were infected with Agrobacterium rhizogenes using the 2300GN-Ubi-RsPDS-Cas9 vector with two target *** adventitious roots were blue with GUs staining,and four of these adventitious roots were edited at target sequence 1 of the RsPDS gene as indicated by Sanger ***,albino lines were generated with ***-mediated transformation of radish *** base substitutions and three base deletions occurred at target sequence 2 in Line 1,and three base insertions and three base substitutions occurred at target sequence 1 in Line *** study shows that VIGS and CRISPR/Cas9 techniques can be employed to precisely verify the biological functions of genes in radish,which will facilitate the genetic improvement of vital horticultural traits in radish breeding programs.

关键词： Raphanus sativus L. VIGS CRISPR/Cas9 Agrobacterium rhizogenes A.tumefaciens RsPDS

TabHLH27 orchestrates root growth and drought tolerance to enhance water use efficiency in wheat

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第7期66卷 1295-1312页

作者： Dongzhi Wang Xiuxiu Zhang Yuan Cao Aamana Batool Yongxin Xu Yunzhou Qiao Yongpeng Li Hao Wang Xuelei Lin Xiaomin Bie Xiansheng Zhang Ruilian Jing Baodi Dong Yiping Tong Wan Teng Xigang Liu Jun Xiao Key laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Center for Agricultural Resources Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShijiazhuang 050022China Key laboratory of Crop Biology College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'an 271018China State Key laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China ministry of education.Key laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell BiologyHebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental AdaptationHebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular BiologyCollege of Life SciencesHebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024China Centre of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Science(CEPAMS) JIC‐CASBeijing 100101China

Cultivating high-yield wheat under limited water resources is crucial for sustainable agriculture in semiarid *** water scarcity,plants activate drought response signaling,yet the delicate balance between drought tolerance and development remains *** genome-wide association studies and transcriptome profiling,we identified a wheat atypical basic helix-loop-helix(b HLH)transcription factor(TF),Tab HLH27-A1,as a promising quantitative trait locus candidate for both relative root dry weight and spikelet number per spike in *** HLH27-A1/B1/D1 knockout reduced wheat drought tolerance,yield,and water use efficiency(WUE).Tab HLH27-A1 exhibited rapid induction with polyethylene glycol(PEG)treatment,gradually declining over *** activated stress response genes such as Ta CBL8-B1 and Ta CPI2-A1 while inhibiting root growth genes like Ta SH15-B1 and Ta WRKY70-B1 under short-term PEG *** distinct transcriptional regulation of Tab HLH27-A1 involved diverse interacting factors such as Ta ABI3-D1 and Tab *** variations of Tab HLH27-A1influence its transcriptional responses to drought stress,with Tab HLH27-A1^(Hap-II)associated with stronger drought tolerance,larger root system,more spikelets,and higher WUE in ***,the excellent Tab HLH27-A1^(Hap-II)was selected during the breeding process in China,and introgression of Tab HLH27-A1^(Hap-II)allele improved drought tolerance and grain yield,especially under water-limited *** study highlights Tab HLH27-A1's role in balancing root growth and drought tolerance,providing a genetic manipulation locus for enhancing WUE in wheat.

关键词： drought tolerance GWAS root growth wheat WUE

Ancient mitochondrial genome depicts sheep maternal dispersal and migration in Eastern Asia

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Journal of genetics and Genomics 2024年第1期51卷 87-95页

作者： Liu Yang Xing Zhang Yaning Hu Piao Zhu Hua Li Zhenyu Peng Hai Xiang Xinying Zhou Xingbo Zhao National Engineering laboratory for Animal Breeding Key Laboratory of AnimalGeneticsBreeding and ReproductionMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding School of Life Science and EngineeringFoshan UniversityFoshanGuangdong 528225China State Key laboratory of Agricultural Genomics BGI-ShenzhenShenzhenGuangdong 518083China Key laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China

Sheep have been one of the most important groups of animals since ancient ***,the knowledge of their migration routes and genetic relationships is still poorly *** investigate sheep maternal migration histories alongside Eurasian communications routes,in this study,we obtain mitochondrial genomes(mitogenomes)from 17 sheep remains in 6 Chinese sites and 1 Uzbekistan site dated 4429–3100 years before present(BP).By obtaining the mitogenomes from the sheep(4429–3556 BP)found in the Tongtian Cave site in Xinjiang,Altai region of northwest China,our results support the emergence of haplogroup C sheep in Xinjiang as early as 4429–3556 *** combined phylogenetic analyses with extant ancient and modern sheep mitogenomes suggest that the Uzbekistan-Altai region may have been a migration hub for early sheep in eastern *** least two migration events have taken place for sheep crossing Eurasia to China,one passing by Uzbekistan and Northwest China to the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River at approximately 4000 BP and another following the Altai region to middle Inner Mongolia from 4429 BP to 2500 ***,this study provides further evidence for early sheep utilization and migration patterns in Eastern Asia.

关键词： Sheep Ancient DNA Eastern Asia Mitochondrial genome Migration Altai

Copy number variation of NAL23 causes narrow-leaf development in rice

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Journal of genetics and Genomics 2024年第8期51卷 880-883页

作者： Degui Zhou Yajing Li Xianrong Xie Wenyan Ding Libin Chen Tie Li Jianian Tang Xiyu Tan Weizhi Liu Yueqin Heng Yongyao Xie Letian Chen Qi Liu Shaochuan Zhou Jing Zhao Gong Zhang Jiantao Tan Yaoguang Liu Rongxin Shen State Key laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureCollege of Life SciencesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510642China Guangdong Key laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding Rice Research InstituteGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhouGuangdong 510640China Key laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong higher education.Institutes and MOE Key laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology Institute of Life and Health EngineeringJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510632China

Leaf shape is a key trait for plant architecture relating to photosynthesis and transpiration in plants(Lawson et al.,2020).Erect leaves with proper leaf length and width,particularly the upper three leaves in cereal crops,could significantly improve light absorption efficiency in canopy and ultimately increase crop yield(Jiao et al.,2010).Rice leaves initiate at the peripheral zone of shoot apical meristem,then develop along the proximal-distal,adaxial-abaxial,and mediallateral axes to form a flat symmetric architecture(Du et al.,2018).

关键词： crops cereal narrow

Rice canopy temperature is affected by nitrogen fertilizer

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第3期23卷 824-835页

作者： Min Jiang Zhang Chen Yuan Li Xiaomin Huang Lifen Huang Zhongyang Huo Jiangsu Key laboratory of Crop genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Jiangsu Co-lnnovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

Canopy temperature strongly influences crop yield formation and is closely related to plant physiological ***, the effects of nitrogen treatment on canopy temperature and rice growth have yet to be comprehensively examined. We conducted a two-year field experiment with three rice varieties(HD-5, NJ-9108, and YJ-805) and three nitrogen treatments(zero-N control(CK), 200 kg ha~(–1)(MN), and 300 kg ha~(–1)(HN)). We measured canopy temperature using a drone equipped with a high-precision camera at the six stages of the growth period. Generally,canopy temperature was significantly higher for CK than for MN and HN during the tillering, jointing, booting, and heading stages. The temperature was not significantly different among the nitrogen treatments between the milky and waxy stages. The canopy temperature of different rice varieties was found to follow the order: HD-5>NJ-9108>YJ-805, but the difference was not significant. The canopy temperature of rice was mainly related to plant traits, such as shoot fresh weight(correlation coefficient r=–0.895), plant water content(–0.912), net photosynthesis(–0.84), stomatal conductance(–0.91), transpiration rate(–0.90), and leaf stomatal area(–0.83). A structural equation model(SEM) showed that nitrogen fertilizer was an important factor affecting the rice canopy *** study revealed:(1) A suite of plant traits was associated with the nitrogen effects on canopy temperature,(2) the heading stage was the best time to observe rice canopy temperature, and(3) at that stage, canopy temperature was negatively correlated with rice yield, panicle number, and grain number per panicle. This study suggests that canopy temperature can be a convenient and accurate indicator of rice growth and yield prediction.

关键词： canopy temperature rice physiological and biochemical characteristics yield

Irrigation regimes modulate non-structural carbohydrate remobilization and improve grain filling in rice(Oryza sativa L.)by regulating starch metabolism

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第5期23卷 1507-1522页

作者： Yuguang Zang Gaozhao Wu Qiangqiang Li Yiwen Xu Mingming Xue Xingyu Chen Haiyan Wei Weiyang Zhang Hao Zhang Lijun Liu Zhiqin Wang Junfei Gu Jianchang Yang Jiangsu Key laboratory of Crop genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College YangzhouUniversityYangzhou225009China Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

Recently developed ‘super’ rice cultivars with greater yield potentials often suffer from the problem of poor grain filling, especially in inferior spikelets. Here, we studied the activities of enzymes related to starch metabolism in rice stems and grains, and the microstructures related to carbohydrate accumulation and transportation to investigate the effects of different water regimes on grain filling. Two ‘super’ rice cultivars were grown under two irrigation regimes of well-watered(WW) and alternate wetting and moderate soil drying(AWMD). Compared with the WW treatment,the activities of ADP glucose pyrophosphorylase(AGPase), starch synthase(StSase) and starch branching enzyme(SBE), and the accumulation of non-structural carbohydrates(NSCs) in the stems before heading were significantly improved, and more starch granules were stored in the stems in the AWMD treatment. After heading, the activities of α-amylase, β-amylase, sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS) and sucrose synthase in the synthetic direction(SSs)were increased in the stems to promote the remobilization of NSCs for grain filling under AWMD. During grain filling, the enzymatic activities of sucrose synthase in the cleavage direction(SSc), AGPase, StSase and SBE in the inferior spikelets were increased, which promoted grain filling, especially for the inferior spikelets under ***, there were no significant differences in vascular microstructures. The grain yield and grain weight could be improved by 13.1 and 7.5%, respectively, by optimizing of the irrigation regime. We concluded that the low activities of key enzymes in carbon metabolism is the key limitation for the poor grain filling, as opposed to the vascular microstructures, and AWMD can increase the amount of NSC accumulation in the stems before heading, improve the utilization rate of NSCs after heading, and increase the grain filling, especially in the inferior spikelets, by altering the activities of key enzymes in carbon metabolism.

关键词： rice(Oryza sativa L.) non-structural carbohydrates(NsCs) enzymatic activity grain illing starch granules vascular bundle

The first mitogenome of Lauraceae(Cinnamomum chekiangense)

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Plant Diversity 2024年第1期46卷 144-148页

作者： Changwei Bi Ning Sun Fuchuan Han Kewang Xu Yong Yang David K.Ferguson State Key laboratory of Tree genetics and Breeding Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern ChinaKey Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Biotechnology of Educational Department of ChinaKey Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Silvicultural Sciences of Jiangsu ProvinceNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China College of Information Science and Technology Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry Chinese Academy of ForestryHangzhou 311400China Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of Life SciencesNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Department of Paleontology University of ViennaViennaAustria

There are three distinct genetic systems in higher plants,the dominant nuclear genome and the semi-autonomous organelle genomes(plastids and mitochondria).In contrast to the conserved plastid genome(plastome),the plant mitochondrial genome(mitogenome)is characterized by an intriguing“evolutionary paradox”distinguished by a remarkably low mutation rate but with a significantly high rearrangement rate(Palmer and Herbon,1988;Lai et al.,2022).

关键词： autonomous distinguished Palmer

Predicted Climate Change will Increase Landslide Risk in Hanjiang River Basin,China

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第4期35卷 1334-1354页

作者： Xinggang Tang Lingjian Wang Huiyong Wang Yingdan Yuan Dou Huang Jinchi Zhang Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological RestorationNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China Jiangsu Key laboratory of Crop genetics and Physiology College of Horticulture and Plant ProtectionYangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009China College of Forestry Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China

Landslides are widespread geomorphological phenomena with complex mechanisms that have caused extensive causalities and property damage *** scale and frequency of landslides are presently increasing owing to the warming effects of climate change,which further increases the associated safety *** this study,the relationship between historical landslides and environmental variables in the Hanjiang River Basin was determined and an optimized model was used to constrain the relative contribution of variables and best spatial response *** optimal MaxEnt model was used to predict the current distribution of landslides and influence of future rainfall changes on the landslide *** results indicate that environmental variables in the study area statistically correlate with landslide events over the past 20 *** MaxEnt model evaluation was applied to landslide hazards in the Hanjiang River Basin based on current climate change *** results indicate that 25.9%of the study area is classified as a high-risk *** main environmental variables that affect the distribution of landslides include altitude,slope,normalized difference vegetation index,annual precipitation,distance from rivers,and distance from roads,with a cumulative contribution rate of approximately 90%.The annual rainfall in the Hanjiang River Basin will continue to increase under future climate warming *** rainfall will further increase the extent of high-and medium-risk areas in the basin,especially when following the RCP8.5 climate prediction,which is expected to increase the high-risk area by 10.7%by ***,high landslide risk areas in the basin will migrate to high-altitude areas in the future,which poses new challenges for the prevention and control of landslide *** study demonstrates the usefulness of the MaxEnt model as a tool for landslide susceptibility prediction in the Hanjiang River Basin caused by global warming and yi

关键词： Hanjiang River Basin climate change environmental factor landslide susceptibility assessment MaxEnt model

Mitochondrial Characteristics of the Powdery Mildew Genus Erysiphe Revealed an Extraordinary Evolution in Protein-coding Genes

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Mitochondrial Characteristics of the Powdery Mildew Genus Er...