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Fine particulate matter and cardiorespiratory health in China:A systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第1期123卷 306-316页

作者： Huihuan Luo Qingli Zhang Yue Niu Haidong Kan Renjie Chen School of public health Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology AssessmentFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

This review aimed to systematically summarize the epidemiological literature on the cardiorespiratory effects of PM_(2.5)published during the 13^(th) Five-Year Plan period(2016-2020)in China.Original articles published between January 1,2016 and June 30,2021 were searched in PubMed,Web of Science,the China National Knowledge Internet Database and Wanfang Database.Random-or fixed-effects models were used to pool effect estimates where appropriate.Of 8558 records identified,145 met the full eligibility criteria.A 10μg/m^(3) increase in short-term PM_(2.5)exposure was significantly associated with increases of 0.70%,0.86%,0.38%and 0.96%in cardiovascular mortality,respiratory mortality,cardiovascular morbidity,and respiratory morbidity,respectively.The specific diseases with significant associations included stroke,ischemic heart disease,heart failure,arrhythmia,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,pneumonia and allergic rhinitis.The pooled estimates per 10μg/m^(3) increase in long-term PM_(2.5)exposure were 15.1%,11.9%and 21.0%increases in cardiovascular,stroke and lung cancer mortality,and 17.4%,11.0%and 4.88%increases in cardiovascular,hypertension and lung cancer incidence respectively.Adverse changes in blood pressure,heart rate variability,systemic infiammation,blood lipids,lung function and airway infiammation were observed for either short-term or long-term PM_(2.5)exposure,or both.Collectively,we summarized representative exposure-response relationships between short-and long-term PM_(2.5)exposure and a wide range of cardiorespiratory outcomes applicable to China.The magnitudes of estimates were generally smaller in short-term associations and comparable in long-term associations compared with those in developed countries.Ourfindings are helpful for future standard revisions and policy formulation.There are still some notable gaps that merit further investigation in China.

关键词： Fine particulate matter Air pollution Cardiovascular system Respiratory system Mortality Morbidity Epidemiological studies

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Acute Effects of Personal Ozone Exposure on Biomarkers of Inflammation,Oxidative Stress,and Mitochondrial Oxidative Damage-Shanghai Municipality,China,May-October 2016

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China CDC weekly 2021年第45期3卷 954-958,I0001,I0002页

作者： Yongjie Xia Yue Niu Jing Cai Cong Liu Xia Meng Renjie Chen Haidong Kan School of public health Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology AssessmentFudan UniversityShanghaiChina

Summary What is already known on this topic?It remains inconclusive whether short-term ozone exposure can cause an inflammatory response and oxidative damage in the circulatory system,particularly at low concentrations.What is added by this report?This study made an accurate exposure assessment by conducting personal ozone monitoring,thus minimizing the exposure misclassification commonly found in previous environmental epidemiological studies.

关键词： ozone Ozone exposure

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Risk Factors Associated with the Spatiotemporal Spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 Variant—Shanghai Municipality,China,2022

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China CDC weekly 2023年第5期5卷 97-102,I0001-I0005页

作者： Wen Zheng Xiaowei Deng Cheng Peng Xuemei Yan Nan Zheng Zhiyuan Chen Juan Yang Marco Ajelli Juanjuan Zhang Hongjie Yu School of public health Fudan UniversityKey Laboratory of Public Health SafetyMinistry of EducationShanghai MunicipalityChina laboratory for Computational Epidemiology and public health Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsIndiana University School of Public HealthBloomingtonINUSA Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity Fudan UniversityShanghai MunicipalityChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?Previous studies have explored the spatial transmission patterns of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)and have assessed the associated risk factors.However,none of these studies have quantitatively described the spatiotemporal transmission patterns and risk factors for Omicron BA.2 at the micro(within-city)scale.

关键词： acute assessed respiratory

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Estimating Changes in Contact Patterns in China Over the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic:Implications for SARS-CoV-2 Spread—Four Cities,China,2020

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China CDC weekly 2023年第5期5卷 113-119,I0012-I0017页

作者： Yuxia Liang Cheng Peng Qian You Maria Litvinova Marco Ajelli Juanjuan Zhang Hongjie Yu School of public health Fudan UniversityKey Laboratory of Public Health SafetyMinistry of EducationShanghai MunicipalityChina laboratory for Computational Epidemiology and public health Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsIndiana University School of Public HealthBloomingtonINUSA Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity Fudan UniversityShanghai MunicipalityChina

Introduction:Previous studies have demonstrated significant changes in social contacts during the firstwave coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in Chinese mainland.The purpose of this study was to quantify the time-varying contact patterns by age in Chinese mainland in 2020 and evaluate their impact on the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).Methods:Diary-based contact surveys were performed for four periods:baseline(prior to 2020),outbreak(February 2020),post-lockdown(March–May 2020),and post-epidemic(September–November 2020).We built a Susceptible-Infected-Recovered(SIR)model to evaluate the effect of reducing contacts on transmission.Results:During the post-epidemic period,daily contacts resumed to 26.7%,14.8%,46.8%,and 44.2%of the pre-COVID levels in Wuhan,Shanghai,Shenzhen,and Changsha,respectively.This suggests a moderate risk of resurgence in Changsha,Shenzhen,and Wuhan,and a low risk in Shanghai.School closure alone was not enough to interrupt transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5,but with the addition of a 75%reduction of contacts at the workplace,it could lead to a 16.8%reduction of the attack rate.To control an outbreak,concerted strategies that target schools,workplaces,and community contacts are needed.Discussion:Monitoring contact patterns by age is key to quantifying the risk of COVID-19 outbreaks and evaluating the impact of intervention strategies.

关键词： mainland resume contacts

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Statement on Establishment of A Provisional health Based Guidance Value for Dietary Exposure to Cadmium in China

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China CDC weekly 2023年第22期5卷 499-503页

作者： Jinfang Sun Yi Shao Gengsheng He Yongning Wu key laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering Ministry of EducationSchool of Public HealthSoutheast UniversityNanjing CityJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthSoutheast UniversityNanjing CityJiangsu ProvinceChina Research Unit of Food safety Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesNHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk AssessmentChina National Center for Food Safety Risk AssessmentBeijingChina School of public health/key laboratory of public health safety Ministry of EducationDepartment of Nutrition and food scienceFudan UniversityShanghaiChina

The National health Commission of the People’s Republic of China and the State Administration for Market Regulation have issued the National Food safety Standard(GB2762-2022),which delineates the maximum limits(ML)of contaminants in food.This standard will be implemented on June 30,2023.It currently maintains the ML of cadmium in rice(including unhusked rice,husked rice,polished rice)at 0.2 mg/kg,a value first established 40 years ago in GBn238-1984.

关键词： maintain health cadmium

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Maternal Disononyl Phthalate Exposure Activates Allergic Airway Inflammation via Stimulating the Phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt Pathway in Rat Pups

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2015年第3期28卷 190-198页

作者： CHEN Li CHEN Jiao XIE Chang Ming ZHAO Yan WANG Xiu ZHANG Yun Hui Minhang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention key laboratory of public health safety Ministry of EducationSchool of Public HealthFudan University

Objective To evaluate the effect of diisononyl phthalate（DINP） exposure during gestation and lactation on allergic response in pups and to explore the role of phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathway on it. Methods Female Wistar rats were treated with DINP at different dosages（0, 5, 50, and 500 mg/kg of body weight per day）. The pups were sensitized and challenged by ovalbumin（OVA）. The airway response was assessed; the airway histological studies were performed by hematoxylin and eosin（HE） staining; and the relative cytokines in phosphoinositide 3-kinase（PI3K）/Akt pathway were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） and western blot analysis. Results There was no significant difference in DINP＇s effect on airway hyperresponsiveness（AHR） between male pups and female pups. In the 50 mg/（kg·d） DINP-treated group, airway response to OVA significantly increased and pups showed dramatically enhanced pulmonary resistance（RI） compared with those from controls（P〈0.05）. Enhanced Akt phosphorylation and NF-κB translocation, and Th2 cytokines expression were observed in pups of 50 mg/（kg·d） DINP-treated group. However, in the 5 and 500 mg/（kg·d） DINP-treated pups, no significant effects were observed. Conclusion There was an adjuvant effect of DINP on allergic airway inflammation in pups. Maternal DINP exposure could promote OVA-induced allergic airway response in pups in part by upregulation of PI3K/Akt pathway.

关键词： Allergic airway inflammation Asthma DINP Maternal exposure PI3K/Akt

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Total organic halogen(TOX) in human urine: A halogen-specific method for human exposure studies

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第8期29卷 285-295页

作者： Susana Y.Kimura Weiwei Zheng Taylor N.Hipp Joshua M.Allen Susan D.Richardson Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of South Carolina key laboratory of public health safety Ministry of Education Department of Environmental Health School of Public Health Fudan University

Disinfection by-products（DBPs） are a complex mixture of compounds unintentionally formed as a result of disinfection processes used to treat drinking water. Effects of long-term exposure to DBPs are mostly unknown and were the subject of recent epidemiological studies. However,most bioanalytical methods focus on a select few DBPs. In this study, a new comprehensive bioanalytical method has been developed that can quantify mixtures of organic halogenated compounds, including DBPs, in human urine as total organic chlorine（TOCl）, total organic bromine（TOBr）, and total organic iodine（TOI）. The optimized method consists of urine dilution, adsorption to activated carbon, pyrolysis of activated carbon, absorption of gases in an aqueous solution, and halide analysis with ion chromatography and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Spike recoveries for TOCl, TOBr, and TOI measurements ranged between 78% and 99%. Average TOCl, TOBr, and TOI concentrations in five urine samples from volunteers who consumed tap water were 1850, 82, and 21.0 μg/L as X^-, respectively.Volunteers who consumed spring water（control） had TOCl, TOBr, and TOI average concentrations in urine of 1090, 88, and 10.3 μg/L as X^-, respectively. TOCl and TOI in the urine samples from tap water consumers were higher than the control. However, TOBr was slightly lower in tap water urine samples compared to mineral water urine samples, indicating other sources of environmental exposure other than drinking water. A larger sample population that consumes tap water from different cities and mineral water is needed to determine TOCl, TOBr, and TOI exposure from drinking water.

关键词： Adsorbable organic halogen（AOX） Total organic halogen（TOX） Disinfection by-products（DBPs） Total organic chlorine（TOCl） Total organic bromine（TOBr） Total organic iodine（TOI） Urine Drinking water

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Associations of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Excessive Gestational Weight Gain with Offspring Obesity Risk

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Current Medical Science 2022年第3期42卷 520-529页

作者： Qi LIU Wei XIA Xin XIONG Ju-xiao LI Ying LI Shun-qing XU Yuan-yuan LI key laboratory of Environment and health Ministry of Education and Ministry of Environmental Protectionand State Key Laboratory of Environmental HealthSchool of Public HealthTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China

Objective Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)and gestational weight gain(GWG)are important risk factors that are known to affect offspring growth,but these outcomes are inconsistent and it remains unknown if both risk factors have a synergetic effect on early childhood growth.The present study aimed to conduct offspring body mass index-for-age Z-scores(BMIZ)trajectories and to evaluate the independent and interactive effect of the status of GDM and excessive GWG on the risks of overweight/obesity from birth to 24 months of age.Methods A total of 7949 mother-child pairs were enrolled in this study.The weight and length of children were measured at birth,6,12,and 24 months of age to calculate BMIZ.Results The status of GDM was positively associated with offspring BMIZ and risk of macrosomia at birth but was not associated with offspring BMIZ or the risks of overweight/obesity at 6,12,and 24 months of age.In contrast,excessive GWG was positively linked to offspring BMIZ,the stable high BMIZ trajectory pattern,and risks of overweight/obesity in the first 24 months of age.These two risk factors also had a significant synergistic effect on macrosomia at birth,but the interactive effect was only significant in boys during the follow-up years in the sex-stratified analyses.Conclusion The maternal GWG was a more pronounced predictor than GDM with relation to BMIZ and risk of overweight/obesity in early childhood.The interactive effect between these risk factors on offspring overweight/obesity may vary by sex.

关键词： gestational diabetes mellitus gestational weight gain offspring growth childhood overweight/obesity

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Association between Phthalate Exposure and the Use of Plastic Containers in Shanghai Adults

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2017年第10期30卷 727-736页

作者： DONG Rui Hua ZHANG Han ZHANG Mei Ru CHEN Jing Si WU Min LI Shu Guang CHEN Bo key laboratory of public health safety of ministry of education Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in HealthSchool of Public HealthFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

Objective Consuming phthalates may be due to the presence of food contact materials, such as plastic containers. In this study, we investigated the association between plastic container use and phthalate exposure in 2,140 Shanghai adults. Methods Participants completed a questionnaire on the frequency of using plastic containers in different scenarios in the previous year （e.g., daily, weekly） and on the consumption of plastic-packaged foods in the previous three days （yes or no）. Urinary phthalate metabolites were used to assess the association between phthalate exposure and the use of plastic containers. Results The metabolites of di-（2-ethylhexyl） phthalate （DEHP） were the most frequently detected in urine. The results revealed that phthalate exposure was associated with consumption of plastic-packaged breakfast or processed food items in the previous three days. The consumption of these two food items had strong synergistic effects on increasing urinary concentrations of most phthalate metabolites. Conclusion Our results of plastic-packaged breakfast and processed food may be explained by the use of flexible plastic containers, indicating the importance of risk assessment for the application of flexible plastic containers.

关键词： Phthalate exposure assessment Food contact materials Flexible plastic containers Plastic-packaged breakfast Plastic-packaged processed food

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Research Progress in the Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS in China

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China CDC weekly 2021年第48期3卷 1022-1030页

作者： Na He Department of Epidemiology School of Public Healthand The Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of EducationShanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurityand Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan UniversityFudan UniversityShanghaiChina

ABSTRACT After thirty-two years since the first domestic outbreak of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS)among injection drug users(IDUs)and almost two decades of comprehensive response efforts by the Chinese government,HIV/AIDS remains a major public health problem.The increasing burden of HIV/AIDS and comorbidities,the emergence of new HIV subtypes and/or circulating recombinant forms and drug mutations,the changing transmission networks.

关键词： HIV/AIDS injection immunodeficiency

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