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Metabarcoding of fecal DNA reveals the broad and flexible diet of a globally endangered bird

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Current Zoology 2023年第5期69卷 501-513页

作者： keyi Tang Yufeng Wang Mengling Wu Shufang Wang Changkun Fu Zhengwang Zhang Yiqiang Fu College of Life sciences Sichuan Normal UniversityChengdu 610066China ministry of education key laboratory for biodiversity Science and ecological engineering College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal University Beijing 100875China

Knowing the diet of endangered wild animals is a prerequisite for species-specific conservation and habitat *** Sichuan partridge Arborophila rufipectus is a globally endangered Galliformes species endemic to the mountains of southwest *** information on the diet of this species is biased and fragmented owing to traditional observation *** is known about their dietary composition or how they respond to temporal variations in food resources throughout the *** this study,a dietary analysis was performed on 6o fecal samples using DNA Metabarcoding of invertebrates and plants to determine the primary animal and plant components of the diet across 3 critical periods of adult life history(breeding,postbreeding wandering,and overwintering).Preys from the dipteran order,followed by the lepidopteran and ara-neaen spp.,were the predominant,animal-derived ***,Rubus,Celastrus,Holboellia,and Actinidia *** a large abundance of fruits and seeds for this omnivorous *** temporal dietary changes among the 3 periods and a general shift toward lower dietary diversity during the breeding season were observed,suggesting that the Sichuan partridge can adjust their diet according to the availability of food resources and their own *** the composition and seasonal changes in Sichuan partridge diets informs the habitat management of native flora(the plant taxa that can generate berries and seeds,such as Symplocos,Rubus,Celastrus,and Holboellia,which are likely of conservation interest)to achieve full life-cycle conservation.

关键词： Arborophila rufipectus dietary composition endemic endangered species molecular diet analysis seasonal dietary variation Sichuan partridge

Chemical composition and phytotoxic activity of the volatile oil of invasive Xanthium italicum Moretti from Xinjiang,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2013年第3期5卷 324-330页

作者： Hua SHAO YuanMing ZHANG Peng NAN XiaoLi HUANG Chi ZHANG key laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of Sciences ministry of education key laboratory for biodiversity Science and ecological engineering School of Life SciencesFudan University State key laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of Sciences

Aerial parts of Xanthium italicum in an air tight container greatly inhibited root elongation of radish, implying that this invasive plant could release biologically active volatile organic compounds （VOCs） into the environment to affect other plants＇ growth. This phenomenon was further studied by evaluating the phytotoxic effects of X. italicum essential oil against two dicot plants, amaranth （Amaranthus mangostanus L.） and lettuce （Lectuca sativa L.）, and two monocot plants, wheat （Triticum aestivum Linn） and ryegrass （Lolium multiforum）, and analyzing the chemical composition of the oil. Among the 4 test species, amaranth was the most sensitive plant, 0.5μl/mL essential oil application resulted in a 50% reduction on root elongation, and 2.5 μl/mL essential oil almost completely inhibited its seedling growth. Wheat was the least sensitive species, whose root growth was reduced to 36% of control by 5 μl/mL essential oil. The essential oil exerted moderate inhibitory effect on both lettuce and ryegrass. Compared to a commercial herbicide-Harness, X. italicum oil exhibited stronger phytotoxicity on amaranth, lettuce and wheat, but weaker activity on ryegrass. The chemical composition of the essential oil isolated by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts of X. italicum Moretti was analyzed by GC/MS. Thirty two compounds were identified, representing 94.89% of total oil, which was found to be rich in monoterpene hydrocarbons （60.71%）. The main constituents of the oil were limonene （51.61%）, germacrene B （6.98%）, 6-cadinol （5.94%）, β-pinene （5.23%）, α-caryophyllene （5.1%） and bornyl acetate （3.15%）. Bioassay revealed the dominant constituent-limonene, was unlikely the responsible phytotoxic compound due to its low biological activity; rather, there might be other oil constituent（s） that either act alone, or work together, and possibly assisted by synergistic effect, to display the phytotoxic activity. Our results suggested that X. italicum might produce allelopathic V

关键词： allelopathy phytotoxicity essential oil volatile organic compounds Xanthium italicum

Characterization of Bacterial Community Structure and Diversity in Rhizosphere Soils of Three Plants in Rapidly Changing Salt Marshes Using 16S rDNA

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Pedosphere 2007年第5期17卷 545-556页

作者： WANG Meng CHEN Jia-Kuan LI Bo Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of Yangtze River Estuary Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering Institute of Biodiversity Science Fudan University 220 Handan Road Shanghai 200433 （China）.

The structure and diversity of the bacterial communities in rhizosphere soils of native Phragmites australis and Scirpus rnariqueter and alien Spartina alterniflora in the Yangtze River Estuary were investigated by constructing 16S ribosomal DNA （rDNA） clone libraries. The bacterial diversity was quantified by placing the clones into operational taxonomic unit （OTU） groups at the level of sequence similarity of 〉 97%. Phylogenetic analysis of the resulting 398 clone sequences indicated a high diversity of bacteria in the rhizosphere soils of these plants. The members of Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, and Deltaproteobacteria of the phylum Proteobacteria were the most abundant in rhizobacteria. Chao 1 nonpaxametric diversity estimator coupled with the reciprocal of Simpson＇s index （l/D） was applied to sequence data obtained from each library to evaluate total sequence diversity and quantitatively compare the level of dominance. The results showed that Phragmites, Scirpus, and Spartina rhizosphere soils contained 200, 668, and 382 OTUs, respectively. The bacterial communities in the Spartina and Phragraites rhizosphere soils displayed species dominance revealed by 1/D, whereas the bacterial community in Scirpus rhizosphere soil had uniform distributions of species abundance. Overall, analysis of 16S rDNA clone libraries from the rhizosphere soils indicates that the changes in bacterial composition may occur concomitantly with the shift of species composition in plant communities.

关键词： 16S rDNA bacterial diversity plant succession rhizosphere salt marshes

BKI1 Regulates Plant Architecture through Coordinated Inhibition of the Brassinosteroid and ERECTA Signaling Pathways in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2017年第2期10卷 297-308页

作者： Dongxu Wang Cangjing Yang Haijiao Wang Zhihua Wu Jianjun Jiang Jingjing Liu Zhuona He Fang Chang Hong Ma Xuelu Wang State key laboratory of Genetic engineering Department of Genetics School of Life Sciences Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University No 1 Shizishan Street Wuhan Hubei 430070 China ministry of education key laboratory of biodiversity sciences and ecological engineering and institute of biodiversity sciences Institute of Plant Biology School of Life Sciences Fudan University Shanghai 200438 China

Hundreds of leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases （LRR-RLKs） play indispensable roles in a wide range of plant developmental and physiological processes. The mechanisms controlling LRR-RLKs at a basal and inactive status are essential but rarely studied. BKI1 is the only reported inhibitor of receptor kinases in Arabidopsis, which negatively regulates BRI1 in the brassinosteroid pathway. In this study, we found that BKI1 can also interact with another important LRR-RLK, ERECTA （ER）. Phenotypic analysis showed that BKI1 and ER together regulate plant architecture, including pedicel orientation, which is a newly reported phenotype in the BR- and ER-mediated developmental processes. Gene expression analysis revealed that BKI1 regulates a subset of ER-responsive genes. Kinase assays demonstrated that BKI1 inhibits ER kinase activity. In addition, the release of BKI1 inhibition on ER signaling relies largely on BRI1 activation. Our data provide significant insights into the regulation and activation of RLKs and suggest that BKI1 functions as a common suppressor of the BRI1 and ER signaling pathways.

关键词： BKI1 receptor-like kinase ERECTA kinase inhibitor pedicel orientation crosstalk

Recurrent genome duplication events likely contributed to both the ancient and recent rise of ferns^FA

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2020年第4期62卷 433-455页

作者： Chien-Hsun Huang Xinping Qi Duoyuan Chen Ji Qi Hong Ma ministry of education key laboratory of biodiversity sciences and ecological engineering and State key laboratory of Genetic engineering Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and DevelopmentInstitute of Plant BiologyInstitute of Biodiversity SciencesCenter for Evolutionary BiologySchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Biology The Huck Institutes of the Life SciencesThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkUniversity ParkPA 16802USA

Ferns, the second largest group of vascular plants, originated ~400 mil ion years ago(Mya). They became dominant in the ancient Earth landscape before the angiosperms and are stil important in current *** ferns have exceptional y high chromosome numbers,possibly resulting from whole-genome duplications(WGDs).However, WGDs have not been investigated molecularly across fern diversity. Here we detected and dated fern WGDs using a phylogenomic approach and by calculating synonymous substitution rates(Ks). We also investigated a possible correlation between proposed WGDs and shifts in species diversification rates. We identified 19 WGDs: three ancient events along the fern phylogenetic backbone that are shared by 66%–97% of extant ferns, with additional lineage-specific WGDs for eight orders, providing strongevidence for recurring genome duplications across fern evolutionary history. We also observed similar Ks peak values for more than half of these WGDs, with multiple WGDs occurring close to the Cretaceous(~145–66 Mya). Despite the repeated WGD events, the biodiversity of ferns declined during the Cretaceous, implying that other factors probably contributed to the floristic turnover from ferns to angiosperms. This study provides molecular evidence for recurring WGDs in ferns and offers important clues to the genomic evolutionary history of ferns.

关键词： likely Cretaceous backbone

Vomeronasal organ lesion disrupts social odor recognition, behaviors and fitness in golden hamsters

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Integrative Zoology 2014年第3期9卷 255-264页

作者： Yingjuan LIU Jinhua ZHANG Dingzhen LIU Jianxu ZHANG State key laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina ministry of education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Science and Ecological EngineeringInstitute of EcologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina

Most studies support the viewpoint that the vomeronasal organ has a profound effect on conspecific odor recognition,scent marking and mating behavior in the golden hamster(Mesocricetus auratus).However,the role of the vomeronasal organ in social odor recognition,social interaction and fitness is not well ***fore,we conducted a series of behavioral and physiological tests to examine the referred points in golden ham*** found that male hamsters with vomeronasal organ lesion showed no preference between a predator odor(the anal gland secretion of the Siberian weasels(Mustela sibirica)and putative female pheromone components(myristic acid and palmitic acid),but were still able to discriminate between these 2 kinds of *** behavioral tests of anxiety,we found that vomeronasal organ removal causes female hamsters to spend much less time in center grids and to cross fewer center grids and males to make fewer crossings between light and dark boxes than sham-operated *** indicates that a chronic vomeronasal organ lesion induced anxious responses in *** aggressive behavioral tests,we found that a chronic vomeronasal organ lesion decreased agonistic behavior in female hamsters but not in *** pup growth and litter size show no differences between the 2 *** together,our data suggested that vomeronasal organ ablation disrupted the olfactory recognition of social chemosignals in males,and induced anxiety-like and aggressive behavior changes in ***,a vomeronasal organ lesion did not affect the reproductive capacity and fitness of *** studies may have important implications concerning the role of the vomeronasal organ in golden hamsters and also in rodents.

关键词： anxious response golden hamster pheromone physiology vomeronasal organ

Genetic Diversity of Crop Wild Relatives under Threat in Yangtze River Basin:Call for Enhanced In Situ Conservation and Utilization

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Molecular Plant 2019年第12期12卷 1535-1538页

作者： Qin L i Yao Zhao Xiaoguo Xiang Jiakuan C hen Jun Rong ministry of education key laboratory for biodiversity Science and ecological engineering Institute of Biodiversity ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Jiangxi Province key laboratory of Watershed Ecosystem Change and biodiversity Center for Watershed EcologyInstitute of Life Science and School of Life SciencesNanchang UniversityNanchang 330031China

The changing climate threatens agricultural production and food security(Vincent et al.,2019).The limited genetic diversity of crops restricts the improvement potential,which acts as an inevitable barrier for breeding... 详细信息

关键词： breeding crops cultivated

Comparing post-release survival and habitat use by captive-bred Cabot's Tragopan(Tragopan caboti) in an experimental test of soft-release reintroduction strategies

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Chinese Birds 2016年第3期7卷 133-141页

作者： Boye Liu Li Li Huw Lloyd Canwei Xia Yanyun Zhang Guangmei Zheng ministry of education key laboratory for biodiversity and ecological engineering College of Life Sciences Beijing Normal University Hunan Wildlife Rescue and Breeding Center School of Science and Environment Manchester Metropolitan University

Background: Restoring a viable population by reintroduction is the ultimate goal of a large number of ex situ conservation projects for endangered animals. However, many reintroductions fail to establish a population in the wild, partly because released animals cannot acclimate to the native environment of the release site, resulting in very low survival rates. Acclimation training is a technique to resolve this problem, although it does not have positive results in all species. We tested whether acclimation training and soft-release could improve the reintroduction success for captive-bred Cabot's Tragopan(Tragopan caboti), an endangered pheasant in southern ***: Reintroduction of captive-bred Cabot's Tragopan was carried out in the Taoyuandong National Nature Reserve, China from 2010 to 2011. We built a soft-release enclosure for acclimation training in the typical montane habitat of this pheasant. Nine birds were acclimated to the environment of this release site in this cage for more than 50 days before release("trained birds"), while 11 birds remained only in the cage for 3 days prior to release("untrained birds"). Released birds were tagged with a collar ***: Post-release monitoring revealed that the survival rate of trained birds was higher than that of untrained birds after 50 days(trained: 85.7%; untrained: 20.0%). Cox regression analysis showed that there was a significant difference in the mortality rates between the trained and untrained birds. In addition, a survey of the habitat of the experimental and the control groups showed significant differences in habitat selection between the ***: Our study suggests that pre-release acclimatization training is an important factor that can lead to improved survival and habitat selection of captive-bred reintroduced tragopans.

关键词： Diet Habitat selection Post-release survival Reintroduction Survival rate

The functional significance of a stigma color polymorphism in Acer pictum subsp. mono (aceraceae)

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2015年第2期8卷 166-172页

作者： Zhi-Qun Yang Da-Yong Zhang Wei-Ning Bai ministry of education key laboratory for biodiversity Science and ecological engineering College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China State key laboratory of Systematic and Evolution Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China

Aims Exploring the characteristics and function of a flower color poly-morphism contributes to our understanding of floral evolution in ***,little information is available on stigma color polymorphisms in flowering plants despite their important functional role in plant *** We studied a stigma color polymorphism at the individual level in Acer pictum ***(aka ***)by investigating stigma-color morph proportion and comparing stigma performance and compo-nents of female fitness(pollen adhesion,pollen germination,fruit set,seed set and fruit weight)between the two morphs(red and greenish-yellow stigma)within natural populations at Dongling mountain in the north of *** the flowering period,we conducted hand pol-lination in natural populations and then made microscopic observa-tions using the aniline blue fluorescence *** Findingsindividuals in the studied populations did not change their stigma color between years,and flowers produced by a single tree were uniform in their stigma *** strongly suggests that stigma color variation is genetically *** percentage of the red stigma flowers with germinated pollen grains was significantly higher than that of the greenish-yellow stigma flowers when hand pollination was conducted in the early flowering period,but not so in the late flowering *** was no significant difference in the percentage of flowers with pollen adhesion to the stigma between the two *** set of the red morph was signifi-cantly higher than that of the greenish-yellow *** findings suggest that the red morph may be more advantageous for pollen germination and fruit set than the greenish-yellow morph,which may provide a functional explanation for the high incidence of the red stigma morph in the studied *** explana-tions for the stigma color polymorphism are discussed to stimulate further work.

关键词： Acer female fitness stigma color polymorphism stigma performance