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Influences of chronic contamination of oil field exploitation on soil nematode communities at the Yellow River Delta of China

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Frontiers in Biology 2009年第3期4卷 376-383页

作者： Yingying WANG Hui CHEN Huili CHEN Jihua WU key laboratory for biodiversity Science and ecological engineering of the ministry of education Institute of Biodiversity ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Oil production related activities have led to many environmental *** 80%of the total output of crude oil is generated from terrestrial oilfields in the ***,the impact of oil exploitation procedures on soil animal communities has not been fully *** study investigated the responses of soil nematode communities to the oil exploitation activities in the Yellow River Delta of *** setting 10 oilfield sites and 5 relatively uncontaminated sites(controls),we found that the content of soil total petroleum hydrocarbons(TPH)was significantly higher at oilfield sites than at *** a longer oil exploitation history,the content of soil TPH *** nematode community structure at oilfield sites was largely different from that at *** nematodes were significantly less abundant but more diverse at oilfield sites than at *** proportions of fungal feeders were significantly lower at oilfield sites than at controls,attaining only half of those at *** nematode trophic diversity and genus number negatively correlated with the duration of petroleum exploitation *** study elucidated the difference in soil nematode communities caused by oilfield exploitation and indicated that the nematode diversity was most obviously influenced by the soil TPH content and the oil exploitation history.

关键词： community composition oil exploitation history oilfield soil nematodes the Yellow River Delta

Differentiation of Indica-Japonica rice revealed by insertion/deletion(InDel)fragments obtained from the comparative genomic study of DNA sequences between 93-11(Indica)and Nipponbare (Japonica)

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Frontiers in Biology 2007年第3期2卷 291-296页

作者： CAI Xingxing LIU Jing QIU Yinqiu ZHAO Wei SONG Zhiping LU Baorong ministry of education key laboratory for biodiversity Science and ecological engineering Institute of Biodiversity Science at Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

DNA polymorphisms from nucleotide insertion/deletions(InDels)in genomic sequences are the basis for developing InDel molecular *** validate the InDel primer pairs on the basis of the comparative genomic study on DNA sequences between an Indica rice 93-11 and a Japonica rice Nipponbare for identifying Indica and Japonica rice varieties and studying wild Oryza species,we studied 49 Indica,43 Japonica,and 24 wild rice accessions collected from ten Asian countries using 45 InDel primer *** indicated that of the 45 InDel primer pairs,41 can accurately identify Indica and Japonica rice varieties with a reliability of over 80%.The scatter plotting data of the principal compo-nent analysis(PCA)indicated that:(i)the InDel primer pairs can easily distinguish Indica from Japonica rice varieties,in addition to revealing their genetic differentiation;(ii)the AA-genome wild rice species showed a relatively close genetic relationship with the Indica rice varieties;and(iii)the non-AA genome wild rice species did not show evident differentiation into the Indica and Japonica *** is con-cluded from the study that most of the InDel primer pairs obtained from DNA sequences of 93-11 and Nipponbare can be used for identifying Indica and Japonica rice varieties,and for studying genetic relationships of wild rice species,particularly in terms of the Indica-Japonica differentiation.

关键词： Asian cultivated rice InDel primer pairs Indica-Japonica differentiation variety identification

Assessing forest cover changes and fragmentation in the Himalayan temperate region: implications for forest conservation and management

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第4期35卷 128-141页

作者： Kaleem Mehmood Shoaib Ahmad Anees Akhtar Rehman Aqil Tariq Qijing Liu Sultan Muhammad Fazli Rabbi Shao’an Pan Wesam Atef Hatamleh College of Forestry Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China institute of Agriculture sciences and Forestry University of SwatSwatPakistan Department of Forestry The University of AgricultureDera Ismail Khan 29050Pakistan key laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of ministry of education Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China Beijing key laboratory of Precision Forestry Forestry CollegeBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China School of Environmental Studies China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China Department of Wildlife Fisheries and AquacultureCollege of Forest ResourcesMississippi State UniversityStarkvilleMS 39762‑9690USA School of Management Tianjin University of CommerceTianjin 300134People’s Republic of China Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 5117811543 RiyadhSaudi Arabia

This study comprehensively assessed long-term vegetation changes and forest fragmentation dynamics in the Himalayan temperate region of Pakistan from 1989 to *** satellite images,including Landsat-5 TM and Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager(OLI),were chosen for subsequent assessments in October 1989,2001,2011 and *** classified maps of 1989,2001,2011 and 2019 were created using the maximum likelihood ***-classification comparison showed an overall accuracy of 82.5%and a Kappa coefficient of 0.79 for the 2019 *** revealed a drastic decrease in closed-canopy and open-canopy forests by 117.4 and 271.6 km^(2),respectively,and an increase in agriculture/farm cultivation by 1512.8 km^(2).The two-way ANOVA test showed statistically significant differences in the area of various cover *** fragmentation was evaluated using the Landscape Fragmentation Tool(LFT v2.0)between 1989 and *** large forest core(>2.00 km^(2))decreased from 149.4 to 296.7 km^(2),and a similar pattern was observed in medium forest core(1.00-2.00 km^(2))*** the contrary,the small core(ecological *** serve as an imperative baseline for afforestation and reforestation operations,highlighting the urgent need for efficient management,conservation,and restoration *** on these findings,sustainable land-use policies may be put into place that support local livelihoods,protect ecosystem services,and conserve biodiversity.

关键词： Natural catastrophes Landsat Change detection Forest fragmentation Landscape fragmentation tool(LFT) Afforestation Reforestation

Home ranges and habitat vegetation characters in breeding season of Narcissus Flycatcher and Yellow-rumped Flycatcher

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Frontiers in Biology 2007年第3期2卷 345-350页

作者： WANG Ning ZHANG Yanyun ZHENG Guangmei ministry of education key laboratory for biodiversity sciences and ecological engineering College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

The home ranges of the Narcissus Flycatcher(Ficedula narcissina elisae)and the Yellow-rumped Fly-catcher(***)are measured by radio telemetry in a subalpine forest near Beijing,*** home range is calculated by 100%Minimum Convex Polygon(MCP),and the area varies from 2,000 to 5,000 *** majority of fly-catchers can be found in the bottom of valleys and the under-side of *** is fairly rare for both Flycatcher species to leave their nests more than 70 *** of the species in pair-banding and nest-detecting periods have larger home ranges than those in incubation and rearing *** levels of canopy coverage in the home ranges of Narcissus Flycatchers are significantly higher than that of Yellow-rumped *** are also more tall trees and stumps in the home ranges of Narcissus Flycatchers than in that of Yellow-rumped *** dominant tree species in the home ranges of Narcissus Flycatchers is Dahurian Birch(Betula dahurica),whereas Manchurian Walnut(Juglans mandshurica)is the dominant tree species in the home ranges of Yellow-rumped Flycatchers.

关键词： NarcissusFlycatcher Yellow-runpdeFlycatcher radiotelemetry home range habitat

Efficacy of insect-resistance Bt/Cp TI transgenes in F5–F7generations of rice crop–weed hybrid progeny: implications for assessing ecological impact of transgene flow

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Science Bulletin 2015年第18期60卷 1563-1571页

作者： Xiao Yang Lei Li Xing Xing Cai Feng Wang Jun Su Bao-Rong Lu ministry of education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Fudan University Fujian Provincial key laboratory of Genetic engineering for Agriculture Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences

ecological impact of transgene flow into pop- ulations of wild/weedy relatives is associated with fitness effects in hybrid progeny. Most studies assessing fitness effects focus essentially on early-generation hybrid progeny. However, whether the transgenes remain effective and durable in advanced generations of hybrid progeny remains unclear. We conducted a common garden experi- ment with Fs-F7 hybrid progeny derived from crosses between insect-resistant transgenic （Bt/CpTI） rice and weedy rice, to examine their insect resistance and fitness effects of transgenes on progeny. Hybrid progeny were grown under different insect pressures and cultivation modes where insect damage and fitness-related traits were measured in the same growth season. Plants with transgenes showed significantly lower insect damage （10 % vs. 32 %） and higher fecundity （551 vs. 392 seeds/plant） than those without transgenes in the efficacy of transgenes Fs-F7 populations, suggesting for insect resistance. Fitness benefits of the transgenes were similar among the Fs-F7 populations, indicating the stability of transgenic effects. A positive correlation between insect index and fecundity change was detected, stressing the important role of ambient insect pressures in assessing fitness effects caused by insect-resistance transgenes. Our results have important implications for assessing ecological impacts caused by transgene flow to wild/weedy relatives. For cost-effec- tiveness, the experimental estimation of fitness effects is probably sufficient based on data from hybrids in early generations. Given that fitness effects of insect-resistance transgenes are associated with ambient insect pressure, ecological risk assessment on transgene flow should consider this variable in experimental design, reasonably reflecting actual situations in wild/weedy populations.

关键词： Introgressiogeneration,Insect-resistance transgenen Weedy rice Fitness Advanced Risk assessment

Egg-spot matching in common cuckoo parasitism of the oriental reed warbler: effects of host nest availability and egg rejection

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Chinese Birds 2016年第4期7卷 199-209页

作者： Donglai Li Yanan Ruan Ying Wang Alan K.Chang Dongmei Wan Zhengwang Zhang Provincial key laboratory of Animal Resource and Epidemic Disease Prevention College of Life Sciences Liaoning University ministry of education key laboratory for biodiversity Science and ecological engineering College of Life Sciences Beijing Normal University

Background: The success of cuckoo parasitism is thought to depend largely on the extent of egg matching between cuckoo and host eggs, since poor-matching cuckoo egg would lead to more frequent egg rejection by the host. In this study, we investigated how egg-spot matching between the Common Cuckoo(Cuculus canorus) and its host, the Oriental Reed Warbler(Acrocephalus orientalis) is affected by the local parasitism rate, nest availability in breeding synchronization and egg ***: We used the paired design of parasitized and their nearest non-parasitized nests where breeding occurred simultaneously to compare egg-spot matching. The image analysis was used to compare four eggshell pattern variables, namely spot size, density, coverage on the different areas of egg surface, and the distribution on the whole egg surface. Egg recognition experiments were conducted to test the effect of egg spots on egg rejection by the ***: Our results show that much better matching in almost all spot parameters tested on the side of the egg and the spot distribution on the whole egg occurred in parasitized nests than in non-parasitized nests. Matching of spot density between cuckoo and host eggs in parasitized nests increased with the synchronization between temporal availability of nests and the egg-laying period of female cuckoos. Egg recognition experiments in which the warbler eggs were deliberately painted with extra spots led to a significantly higher egg rejection rate(78.3%) than of unpainted ***: Our data suggest that both the high temporal encounter rate between cuckoo and warbler nests as well as the high egg rejection ability of the host are important factors for egg-spot matching of the cuckoos.

关键词： Brood parasite Cuckoo Egg mimicry Egg matching Spot pattern Egg rejection Parasitism rate Oriental Reed Warbler

Relatively stable carbon stocks in China's grasslands

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Science China(Life sciences) 2011年第5期54卷 490-492页

作者： FANG ChangMing ministry of education key laboratory for biodiversity and ecological engineering Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China

Global climate change has been predicted to profoundly influence carbon （C） processes and C stock dynamics in terrestrial ecosystems . Three papers recently published in Science China Life Science [2-4] studied various aspects of C stock dynamics at different scales in the northern grasslands of China （including the Tibetan alpine meadow）. They reported that there has been no significant trend of variation in ecosystem C stocks in Tibetan meadow and temperate grassland since the late 1980s,

关键词：北方草原碳储量相对稳定中国陆地生态系统生命科学学院全球气候变化高寒草甸

Parapatric speciation with recurrent gene flow of two sexual dichromatic pheasants

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Avian Research 2022年第2期13卷 137-144页

作者： Zheng Li Jie Zhou Minzhi Gao Wei Liang Lu Dong ministry of education key laboratory for biodiversity and ecological engineering College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China ministry of education key laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands College of Life SciencesHainan Normal UniversityHaikou571158China

Understanding speciation has long been a fundamental goal of evolutionary *** is widely accepted that speciation requires an interruption of gene flow to generate strong reproductive isolation between *** mechanism of how speciation in sexually dichromatic species operates in the face of gene flow remains an open *** species in the genus Chrysolophus,the Golden Pheasant(***)and Lady Amherst’s Pheasant(***),both of which exhibit significant plumage dichromatism,are currently parapatric in southwestern China with several hybrid recordings in *** this study,we estimated the pattern of gene flow during the speciation of the two pheasants using the Approximate Bayesian Computation(ABC)method based on data from multiple *** a newly assembled de novo genome of Lady Amherst’s Pheasant and resequencing of widely distributed individuals,we reconstructed the demographic history of the two pheasants by the PSMC(pairwise sequentially Markovian coalescent)*** results provide clear evidence that the gene flow between the two pheasants was consistent with the predictions of the isolation with migration model during divergence,indicating that there was long-term gene flow after the initial divergence(ca.2.2 million years ago).The data further support the occurrence of secondary contact between the parapatric populations since around 30 kya with recurrent gene flow to the present,a pattern that may have been induced by the population expansion of the Golden Pheasant in the late *** results of the study support the scenario of speciation between the Golden Pheasant and Lady Amherst’s Pheasant with cycles of mixing-isolation-mixing,possibly due to the dynamics of geographical context in the late *** two species provide a good research system as an evolutionary model for testing reinforcement selection in speciation.

关键词： Approximate Bayesian Computation Gene flow Golden Pheasant(Chrysolophus pictus) Lady Amherst’s Pheasant(Chrysolophus amherstiae) Pairwise Sequentially Markovian Coalescent Speciation

Report of a chiton in the genus Leptochiton (Lepidopleurida:Lepidopleurina:Leptochitonidae) from the Yap Trench in the West Pacific Ocean

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2018年第10期37卷 205-208页

作者： WANG Chunsheng ZHOU Yadong JIANG Dan HAN Jie key laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry Second Institute of OceanographyState Oceanic Administration ministry of education key laboratory for biodiversity Science and ecological engineering College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal University

Two chiton specimens were collected from sedimentary habitat by China＇s manned Jiaolong submersible diving to a depth of 6 754 m in the north of the Yap Trench. This is a new locality record for chiton. Both morphological and molecular data support that the two specimens are the same species belonging to the genus Leptochiton. Morphologically, this species strongly resembles L. vanbellei and L. deforgesi. Phylogenetically, it has a close evolutionary relationship with L. vanbellei, L. deforgesi and L. boucheti. This is the third deepest record for deepsea chitons so far.

关键词： chiton Leptochiton the West Pacific Ocean the Yap Trench