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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 150-158页

作者： Kun Li Jun Zhang David M.Bell Tiantian Wang Houssni Lamkaddam Tianqu Cui Lu Qi Mihnea Surdu Dongyu Wang Lin Du Imad El Haddad Jay G.Slowik Andre S.H.Prevot environment Research Institute Shandong University Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute

Organic vapors from biomass burning are a major source of secondary organic aerosols(SOAs). Previous smog chamber studies found that the SOA contributors in biomass-burning emissions are mainly volatile organic compounds(VOCs). While intermediate volatility organic compounds(IVOCs) are efficient SOA precursors and contribute a considerable fraction of biomass-burning emissions, their contribution to SOA formation has not been directly observed. Here, by deploying a newly-developed oxidation flow reactor to study SOA formation from wood burning, we find that IVOCs can contribute ～70% of the formed SOA, i.e.>2 times more than VOCs. This previously missing SOA fraction is interpreted to be due to the high wall losses of semi-volatile oxidation products of IVOCs in smog chambers. The finding in this study reveals that SOA production from biomass burning is much higher than previously thought, and highlights the urgent need for more research on the IVOCs from biomass burning and potentially other emission sources.

关键词： atmospheric chemistry biomass burning secondary organic aerosol intermediate volatility organic compounds

Molecular compositions and sources of organic aerosols at a rural site on the Guanzhong Plain,Northwest China:The importance of biomass burning

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Particuology 2024年第6期89卷 44-56页

作者： Yali Liu Minxia Shen Haijiao Liu Wenting Dai Weining Qi Yifan Zhang Lu Li Yue Cao Xin Wang Xiao Guo Yingkun Jiang Jianjun Li State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and PhysicsInstitute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi'an 710061China Xi'an Institute for Innovative Earth environment Research Xi'an 710061China National Observation and Research Station of Regional Ecological environment Change and Comprehensive Management in the Guanzhong Plain ShaanxiChina

The concentration of PM_(2.5)has considerably reduced in recent years,but remains relatively high in *** particular,the increasing contribution of organic compounds to PM_(2.5)generates popular pressure for further reductions,resulting in an urgent need to study organic aerosol(OA).To investigate the molecular composition and source contribution of OA in the rural area of the Guanzhong Plain,Northwest China,PM_(2.5)samples were collected during 3–23 August 2016 and 5–20 January 2017 and studied for more than 100 organic tracer *** mean concentration of total measured organic compounds is 662±296 ng/m^(3)in summer and 3258±1925 ng/m^(3)in *** is the most abundant single compound found throughout the sampling period,which is a crucial tracer for biomass burning emissions,preliminary suggesting that biomass burning is an essential source of *** summer,organic compounds such as lipid compounds,sugar compounds,and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs),more come from higher plants,wood burning,vehicle exhausts,plastic waste,and other direct emission *** PAHs(OPAHs),nitrophenols,and phthalic acids more come from the atmosphere through the oxidation reaction of aromatic precursors,especially photochemical ***,in winter,most of the increases in concentrations of organic compounds are attributed to biomass *** analysis of a haze event(14–19 January 2017)during the winter sampling period shows that the increases in the concentration of organic compounds are unaccompanied by strong secondary formation under lower relative humidity(49.1%±13.5%).The main reason for the growth of OA in this haze event is the accumulation of primary OA(POA).The source apportionment by the positive matrix factorization(PMF)model shows that biomass burning(37.1%)is the primary source of OA in the rural regions of the Guanzhong Plain,especially in winter(40.6%).The contribution of secondary formation decreases from 26.0%in summer t

关键词： Organic aerosol Molecular composition Seasonal variation Source apportionment Guanzhong Plain

Theoretical insights of the pharmaceutical compound fluoxetine in water:Role in direct photolysis and indirect photolysis by free radicals

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 269-278页

作者： Ying Lu Se Wang Yifan Shen School of environmental Science and Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologyJiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution ControlNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China

The frequent detection of pharmaceutical compounds in the environment has led to a growing awareness,which may pose a major threat to the aquatic *** this study,photodegradation(direct and indirect photolysis)of two different dissociation states of fluoxetine(FLU)was investigated in water,mainly including the determination of photolytic transition states and products,and the mechanisms of indirect photodegradation with·OH,CO_(3)^(*-)and NO_(3)^(*).The main direct photolysis pathways are defluorination and C–C bond *** addition,the indirect photodegradation of FLU in water is mainly through the reactions with·OH and NO_(3)^(*),and the photodegradation reaction with CO_(3)^(*-)is relatively difficult to occur in the water *** results provide a theoretical basis for understanding the phototransformation process of FLU in the water environment and assessing its potential risk.

关键词： Fluoxetine Photochemical mechanism Direct photolysis Free radical reaction DFT

Nitrogen rhizodeposition from corn and soybean,and its contribution to the subsequent wheat crops

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第7期23卷 2446-2457页

作者： Sainan Geng Lantao Li Yuhong Miao Yinjie Zhang Xiaona Yu Duo Zhang Qirui Yang Xiao Zhang Yilun Wang College of Resources and environment Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450002China

Nitrogen(N)is a key factor in the positive response of cereal crops that follow leguminous crops when compared to gramineous crops in rotations,with the nonrecyclable rhizosphere-derived N playing an important ***,quantitative assessments of differences in the N derived from rhizodeposition(NdfR)between legumes and gramineous crops are lacking,and comparative studies on their contributions to the subsequent cereals are *** this study,we conducted a meta-analysis of NdfR from leguminous and gramineous crops based on 34 observations published *** addition,pot experiments were conducted to study the differences in the NdfR amounts,distributions and subsequent effects of two major wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)-preceding crops,corn(Zea mays L.)and soybean(Glycine max L.),by the cotton wick-labelling method in the main wheat-producing areas of *** meta-analysis results showed that the NdfR of legumes was significantly greater by 138.93%compared to gramineous *** our pot experiment,the NdfR values from corn and soybean were 502.32 and 944.12 mg/pot,respectively,and soybean was also significantly higher than corn,accounting for 76.91 and 84.15%of the total belowground nitrogen of the plants,***,in different soil particle sizes,NdfR was mainly enriched in the large macro-aggregates(>2 mm),followed by the small macro-aggregates(2–0.25 mm).The amount and proportion of NdfR in the macro-aggregates(>0.25 mm)of soybean were 3.48 and 1.66 times higher than those of corn,respectively,indicating the high utilization potential of soybean *** the N accumulation of subsequent wheat,the contribution of soybean NdfR to wheat was approximately 3 times that of corn,accounting for 8.37 and 4.04%of the total N uptake of wheat,*** conclusion,soybean NdfR is superior to corn in terms of the quantity and distribution ratio of soil *** future field production,legume NdfR should be included in the nitrogen p

关键词： crop rotation nitrogen rhizodeposition meta-analysis soil aggregates nitrogen transfer

Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on zinc uptake,translocation and accumulation in winter wheat during whole plant growth stages

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Pedosphere 2024年第2期34卷 374-384页

作者： Jing YANG Chuangye ZHANG Yifan LIU Yuanzhe MA Xiangyao WU Jun CAI Fuyong WU College of Natural Resources and environment Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agricultural environment of Northwest of Ministry of Agriculture Yangling 712100China

Although arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)could play important roles in zinc(Zn)uptake in host plants,the effects of AMF on Zn uptake and transport in winter wheat during the whole growth stages remain unclear.A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Funneliformis mosseae(Fm)and Claroideoglomus etunicatum(Ce)on Zn absorption,transport,and accumulation in winter wheat growing in soils spiked with different Zn levels(0,2.5,and 25 mg kg^(-1)).The results showed that there was a significant correlation between mycorrhizal colonization rate and Zn absorption efficiency in winter wheat roots during the post-anthesis period,but there was no significant correlation during the pre-anthesis *** mycorrhizal fungi significantly increased Zn concentrations(0.56–1.58 times)in wheat grains under 0 mg kg^(-1)Zn level,but decreased Zn concentrations in wheat grains under 25 mg kg^(-1)Zn ***,at the filling and maturity stages,AMF increased Zn absorption rate and the contribution of root Zn uptake to grain Zn by 3–14 and 0.36–0.64 times,respectively,under 0 mg kg^(-1)Zn level and 0.21–1.02 and 0.27–0.37 times,respectively,under 2.5 mg kg^(-1)Zn ***,AMF decreased root Zn absorption rate(0.32–0.61 times)and increased the contribution of Zn remobilization in vegetative tissues to grain Zn(1.69–2.01 times)under 25 mg kg^(-1)Zn *** study would complement the mechanisms and effects of AMF on Zn absorption and transport in winter wheat and provide a potential method for the application of AMF to enrich wheat grain Zn.

关键词： grain Zn source mycorrhizal response post-anthesis period Zn absorption rate Zn remobilization

Elevation response of above-ground net primary productivity for Picea crassifolia to climate change in Qilian Mountains of Northwest China based on tree rings

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2024年第1期34卷 146-164页

作者： WU Xuan JIAO Liang DU Dashi XUE Ruhong WEI Mengyuan ZHANG Peng College of Geography and environment Science Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China Key Laboratory of Resource environment and Sustainable Development of Oasis Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China

Current ecosystem models used to simulate global terrestrial carbon balance generally suggest that terrestrial landscapes are stable and mature,but terrestrial net primary productivity(NPP)data estimated without accounting for disturbances in species composition,environment,structure,and ecological characteristics will reduce the accuracy of the global carbon ***,the steady-state assumption and neglect of elevation-related changes in forest NPP is a *** Qilian Mountains are located in continental climate zone,and vegetation is highly sensitive to climate *** quantified aboveground biomass(AGB)and aboveground net primary productivity(ANPP)sequences at three elevations using field-collected tree rings of Picea crassifolia in Qilian Mountains of Northwest *** results showed that(1)There were significant differences between AGB and ANPP at the three elevations,and the growth rate of AGB was the highest at the low elevation(55.99 t ha^(–1)10a^(–1)).(2)There are differences in the response relationship between the ANPP and climate factors at the three elevations,and drought stress is the main climate signal affecting the change of ANPP.(3)Under the future climate scenario,drought stress intensifies,and the predicted decline trend of ANPP at the three elevations from mid-century to the end of this century is–0.025 t ha^(–1)10a^(–1),respectively;–0.022 t ha^(–1)10a^(–1);At–0.246 t ha^(–1)10a^(–1),the level of forest productivity was significantly *** results reveal the elevation gradient differences in forest productivity levels and provide key information for studying the carbon sink potential of boreal forests.

关键词： global climate change tree ring aboveground net primary productivity aboveground biomass drought stress Qilian Mountains

Promoted NH_(3)-SCR activity and hydrothermal stability of Cu-SSZ-50 catalyst synthesized by one-pot method

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 135-139页

作者： Jinpeng Du Jingyi Wang Yulong Shan Shichao Han Wenpo Shan Hong He Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban environmental Processes and Pollution Control Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research StationInstitute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315800China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Joint Laboratory of environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

Nitrogen oxide(NO_(x))is one of the most critical contaminants in the air,and the control of NO_(x)emission from diesel vehicles is very ***-based small-pore zeolites have already been applied for NO_(x)abatement on diesel *** the small-pore zeolites,Cu-SSZ-50 catalysts with good NH_(3)-SCR catalytic activity were believed to have potential for *** this study,a one-pot synthesis method for Cu-SSZ-50 catalysts was developed for the first time,using the co-templates of Cu-TEPA and 2,6-dimethyl-N-methylpyridinium *** this synthesis method,Cu-SSZ-50 with various Cu contents can be obtained by adjusting the amount of Cu-TEPA without the need for a further after-treatment *** addition of Cu-TEPA affected the framework atoms and Cu species,and a lower Si/Al ratio and more SCR active Cu species were *** synthesized catalyst with a Cu/Al ratio of 0.40 exhibited over 90%NO_(x)conversion between 200℃and 450℃for the selective catalytic reduction of NO_(x)with NH_(3)(NH_(3)-SCR).Meanwhile,over 80%NO_(x)conversion could be obtained from 250℃to 450℃after hydrothermal aging at 750℃for 16 *** addition,both L-H and E-R mechanisms were proven to exist for the one-pot-synthesized Cu-SSZ-50 by in situ DRIFTS *** simple synthesis procedure,excellent catalytic activity and hydrothermal stability brighten the prospects for the application of Cu-SSZ-50.

关键词： NH_(3)-SCR Cu-SSZ-50 One-pot synthesis Si/Al ratio Cu species distribution Reaction mechanism

Microbial-driven ectopic uranium extraction with net electrical energy production

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 49-58页

作者： Xin Tang Yin Ye Chunlin Wang Bingqian Wang Zemin Qin Cui Li Yanlong Chen Yuheng Wang Zhiling Li Miao Lv Aijie Wang Fan Chen School of Ecology and environment Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710129China School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and environment School of EnvironmentHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China Faculty of Geosciences and environmental Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 611756China

The extraction of uranium (U) from U-bearing wastewater is of paramount importance for mitigating negative environmental impacts and recovering U resources. Microbial reduction of soluble hexavalent uranium (U(VI)) to insoluble tetravalent uranium (U(IV)) holds immense potential for this purpose, but its practical application has been impeded by the challenges associated with managing U-bacterial mixtures and the biotoxicity of U. To address these challenges, we present a novel spontaneous microbial electrochemical (SMEC) method that spatially decoupled the microbial oxidation reaction and the U(VI) reduction reaction. Our results demonstrated stable and efficient U extraction with net electrical energy production, which was achieved with both synthetic and real wastewater. U(VI) removal occurred via diffusion-controlled U(VI)-to-U(IV) reduction-precipitation at the cathode, and the UIVO_(2) deposited on the surface of the cathode contributed to the stability and durability of the abiotic U(VI) reduction. Metagenomic sequencing revealed the formation of efficient electroactive communities on the anodic biofilm and enrichment of the key functional genes and metabolic pathways involved in electron transfer, energy metabolism, the TCA cycle, and acetate metabolism, which indicated the ectopic reduction of U(VI) at the cathode. Our study represents a significant advancement in the cost-effective recovery of U from U(VI)-bearing wastewater and may open a new avenue for sustainable uranium extraction.

关键词： U(VI)bioreduction Electricity production Reaction decoupling Uranium-bearing wastewater Biofilm microbiome

Adsorptive interaction between typical VOCs and various topological zeolites:Mixture effect and mechanism

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 626-636页

作者： Bo Yu Hua Deng Yuqin Lu Tingting Pan Wenpo Shan Hong He Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric environment and Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Joint Laboratory of environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

Adsorption is one of the most feasible and effective methods to alleviate the volatile organic compounds(VOCs)***,the mixture effect and mechanism for competitive adsorption of VOCs on zeolites are barely *** this study,toluene,acetone,and ethyl acetate as prevalent VOCs species were removed by four potential zeolites(13X,USY,Beta,ZSM-5)in both single-and multi-component *** structure-property relationship between adsorbate-adsorbent pairs was revealed by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,energy dispersive spectrometer,X-ray fluorescence,N_(2) adsorption and density function theory *** molecular polarity and volatility of VOCs species played key roles in adsorption and the dynamic uptakes were generally listed as follows:ethyl acetate>toluene>*** for the above VOCs mixtures,13X zeolite selectively adsorbed oxygenated VOCs rather than *** contrast,USY exhibited a preference to trap *** acetate could be readily enriched by ZSM-5 and Beta *** possible explanations and implications are discussed based on the subtle change in electron *** results obtained are vital for understanding the mixture effect of VOCs adsorption and may guide the selection of proper adsorbent for real applications.

关键词： Adsorption Zeolites VOCs Mixture effect DFT

Optimization of Gas Production from Hydrate-Bearing Sediments with Fluctuation Characteristics

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第3期23卷 618-632页

作者： LI Yaobin XU Tianfu XIN Xin YU Han YUAN Yilong ZHU Huixing Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and environment Ministry of EducationJilin UniversityChangchun 130021China Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and environment Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021China

As an important source of low-carbon,clean fossil energy,natural gas hydrate plays an important role in improving the global energy consumption *** the hydrate industry in the South China Sea is important to achieving‘carbon peak and carbon neutrality’goals as soon as ***-water areas subjected to the action of long-term stress and tectonic movement have developed complex and volatile terrains,and as such,the morphologies of hydrate-bearing sediments(HBSs)fluctuate *** key to numerically simulating HBS morphologies is the establishment of the conceptual model,which represents the objective and real description of the actual geological ***,current numerical simulation models have characterized HBSs into horizontal strata without considering the fluctuation *** representing the HBS as a horizontal element reduces simulation ***,the commonly used horizontal HBS model and a model considering the HBS’s fluctuation characteristics with the data of the SH2 site in the Shenhu Sea area were first constructed in this ***,their production behaviors were compared,and the huge impact of the fluctuation characteristics on HBS production was *** this basis,the key parameters affecting the depressurization production of the fluctuating HBSs were studied and *** research results show that the fluctuation characteristics have an obvious influence on the hydrate production of HBSs by affecting their temperatures and pressure distributions,as well as the transmission of the pressure drop and methane gas ***,the results show that the gas productivity of fluctuating HBSs was about 5%less than that of horizontal *** optimizing the depressurization amplitude,well length,and layout location of vertical wells,the productivity of fluctuating HBSs increased by about 56.6%.

关键词： natural gas hydrate numerical simulation fluctuation characteristics depressurization production production well optimization