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Asking one mechanism in glial cells during neuroinflammation

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第4期20卷 1077-1078页

作者： Xiaoli Guo Chikako Harada Takayuki Harada Visual research Project Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical ScienceTokyoJapan

Multiple sclerosis(MS),which is characterized by inflammatory demyelination in the central nervous system(CNS),is the most common neurological disease in the young adult *** autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE),an animal model of MS,is often used in preclinical *** data indicate that in addition to immune cells such as T cells and dendritic cells,CNS resident microglia and astrocytes play important roles in demyelinating neuroinflammation(Healy et al.,2022).In particular,microglia are key immune-competent cells that can respond to environmental *** depletion of transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1,a mitogen-associated protein kinase kinase kinase,in microglia is reported to reduce CNS inflammation and diminish axonal and myelin damage *** suggests that elucidating the mechanisms of microglia-specific responses during pathologies may help in the development of treatments that reduce EAE/MS disease severity(Goldmann et al.,2013).

关键词： inflammation clinical

Glia-to-neuron reprogramming to the rescue?

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第5期20卷 1395-1396页

作者： Jack W.Hickmott Cindi M.Morshead Department of Surgery University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular research TorontoONCanada institute of Biomedical Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONCanada The KITE research institute Toronto Rehabilitation InstituteUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada

Over the last two decades,the dogma that cell fate is immutable has been increasingly challenged,with important implications for regenerative *** brea kth rough discovery that induced pluripotent stem cells could be generated from adult mouse fibroblasts is powerful proof that cell fate can be *** exciting extension of the discovery of cell fate impermanence is the direct cellular reprogram ming hypothesis-that terminally differentiated cells can be reprogrammed into other adult cell fates without first passing through a stem cell state.

关键词： programming passing proof

New glucocerebrosidase antibodies can advance research in the field of neurodegenerative disorders

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第4期20卷 1085-1086页

作者： Charis Ma Krystyna Rytel Yu Chen Ellen Sidransky Medical Genetics Branch National Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA

In medical research,there are times when the introduction of a new tool can launch scientific discovery in new *** antibody development may be considered mundane,in the field of glucocerebrosidase(GCase)research,the dearth of validated antibodies for different applications has impeded progress in studies of disease pathogenesis and therapeutic *** recent introduction of new,rigorously evaluated antibodies can now propel research into the link between glucocerebrosidase and Parkinson’s disease(PD)as well as aspects of the pathobiology of Gaucher disease(Jong et al.,2024).

关键词： antibodies cerebro

Perilipin-2 mediates ferroptosis in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and myelin injury after ischemic stroke

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第7期20卷 2015-2028页

作者： Jian Yang Jiang Wu Xueshun Xie Pengfei Xia Jinxin Lu Jiale Liu Lei Bai Xiang Li Zhengquan Yu Haiying Li Department of Neurosurgery&Brain and Nerve research Laboratory The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina institute of Stroke research Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina

Differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells into mature myelin-forming oligodendrocytes contributes to *** of remyelination due to oligodendrocyte progenitor cell death can result in severe nerve *** is an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death caused by membrane rupture induced by lipid peroxidation,and plays an important role in the pathological process of ischemic ***,there are few studies on oligodendrocyte progenitor cell *** analyzed transcriptome sequencing data from GEO databases and identified a role of ferroptosis in oligodendrocyte progenitor cell death and myelin injury after cerebral *** analysis suggested that perilipin-2(PLIN2)was involved in oligodendrocyte progenitor cell ***2 is a lipid storage protein and a marker of hypoxia-sensitive lipid droplet *** further investigation,we established a mouse model of cerebral ischemia/*** found significant myelin damage after cerebral ischemia,as well as oligodendrocyte progenitor cell death and increased lipid peroxidation levels around the infarct *** ferroptosis inhibitor,ferrostatin-1,rescued oligodendrocyte progenitor cell death and subsequent myelin *** also found increased PLIN2 levels in the peri-infarct area that co-localized with oligodendrocyte progenitor ***2 knockdown rescued demyelination and improved neurological *** findings suggest that targeting PLIN2 to regulate oligodendrocyte progenitor cell ferroptosis may be a potential therapeutic strategy for rescuing myelin damage after cerebral ischemia.

关键词： bioinformatics bulk RNA sequencing ferroptosis ischemic stroke myelin injury oligodendrocyte progenitor cell perilipin-2 single-cell RNA sequencing

New insights on the role of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans in neural stem cell–mediated repair in spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第6期20卷 1699-1700页

作者： Seyed Mojtaba Hosseini Soheila Karimi-Abdolrezaee Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology Spinal Cord Research CentreRady Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegMBCanada Manitoba Multiple Sclerosis research Center WinnipegMBCanada Children Hospital research institute of Manitoba WinnipegMBCanada

Extensive neurodegeneration is a hallmark of traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) that underlies permanent sensorimotor and autonomic impairments (Alizadeh et al.,2019).Following the primary impact,the spinal cord undergoes a cascade of secondary injury mechanisms that are driven by disruption of the blood-spinal cord ba rrier,vascula r inju ry,glial reactivity,neu roinfla mmation,oxidative stress,lipid peroxidation,and glutamate excitotoxicity that culminate in neuronal and oligodendroglial cell death,demyelination,and axonal damage(Alizadeh et al.,2019).To achieve a meaningful functional recovery after SCI,regeneration of new neurons and oligodendrocytes and their successful growth and integration within the neural network are critical steps for reconstructing the damaged spinal cord tissue (Fischer et al.,2020).

关键词： peroxidation Fischer injury

Oligodendroglial heterogeneity in health,disease,and recovery:deeper insights into myelin dynamics

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第11期20卷 3179-3192页

作者： Pieter-Jan Serneels Julie D.De Schutter Lies De Groef Lieve Moons Steven Bergmans KU Leuven Leuven Brain InstituteDepartment of BiologyAnimal Physiology and Neurobiology DivisionNeural Circuit Development&Regeneration Research GroupLeuvenBelgium KU Leuven Leuven Brain InstituteDepartment of BiologyAnimal Physiology and Neurobiology DivisionCellular Communication&Neurodegeneration Research GroupLeuvenBelgium

Decades of research asserted that the oligodendroglial lineage comprises two cell types:oligodendrocyte precursor cells and ***,recent studies employing single-cell RNA sequencing techniques have uncovered novel cell states,prompting a revision of the existing *** forward,the oligodendroglial lineage should be delineated into five distinct cell states:oligodendrocyte precursor cells,committed oligodendrocyte precursor cells,newly formed oligodendrocytes,myelin-forming oligodendrocytes,and mature *** new classification system enables a deeper understanding of the oligodendroglia in both physiological and pathological *** this uniform terminology will facilitate comparison and integration of data across ***,including the consolidation of findings from various demyelinating models,is essential to better understand the pathogenesis of demyelinating ***,comparing injury models across species with varying regenerative capacities can provide insights that may lead to new therapeutic strategies to overcome remyelination ***,by standardizing terminology and synthesizing data from diverse studies across different animal models,we can enhance our understanding of myelin pathology in central nervous system disorders such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,all of which involve oligodendroglial and myelin dysfunction.

关键词： animal models demyelination fish mammals multiple sclerosis myelin neurodegeneration oligodendrocytes oligodendroglial lineage remyelination

Temporal dynamics of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy injuries on magnetic resonance imaging

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第11期20卷 3144-3150页

作者： Holly Flyger Samantha J.Holdsworth Alistair J.Gunn Laura Bennet Hamid Abbasi Mātai Medical research institute Tairāwhiti GisborneNew Zealand Department of Anatomy&Medical Imaging Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Center for Brain research The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Auckland Bioengineering institute The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand

Moderate to severe perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy occurs in~1 to 3/1000 live births in high-income countries and is associated with a significant risk of death or neurodevelopmental *** assessment is important to help identify highrisk infants,to help families,and to support appropriate interventions.A wide range of monitoring tools is available to assess changes over time,including urine and blood biomarkers,neurological examination,and *** present,magnetic resonance imaging is unique as although it is expensive and not suited to monitoring the early evolution of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy by a week of life it can provide direct insight into the anatomical changes in the brain after hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and so offers strong prognostic information on the long-term outcome after hypoxic-ischemic *** review investigated the temporal dynamics of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy injuries,with a particular emphasis on exploring the correlation between the prognostic implications of magnetic resonance imaging scans in the first week of life and their relationship to long-term outcome prediction,particularly for infants treated with therapeutic hypothermia.A comprehensive literature search,from 2016 to 2024,identified 20 pertinent *** review highlights that while the optimal timing of magnetic resonance imaging scans is not clear,overall,it suggests that magnetic resonance imaging within the first week of life provides strong prognostic *** challenges limit the timing consistency,particularly the need for intensive care and clinical ***,although most reports examined the prognostic value of scans taken between 4 and 10 days after birth,there is evidence from small numbers of cases that,at times,brain injury may continue to evolve for weeks after *** suggests that in the future it will be important to explore a wider range of times after hypo

关键词： magnetic resonance imaging neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy neurodevelopmental outcomes prognostic biomarkers in neuroimaging scan timing therapeutic hypothermia

A functional tacrolimus-releasing nerve wrap for enhancing nerve regeneration following surgical nerve repair

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第1期20卷 291-304页

作者： Simeon C.Daeschler Katelyn J.W.So Konstantin Feinberg Marina Manoraj Jenny Cheung Jennifer Zhang Kaveh Mirmoeini JPaul Santerre Tessa Gordon Gregory HBorschel SickKids research institute Neuroscience and Mental Health ProgramTorontoONCanada institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Indiana University School of Medicine IndianapolisINUSA Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery the Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoONCanada Translational Biology and Engineering Program Ted Rogers Centre for Heart ResearchInstitute of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of DentistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Axonal regeneration following surgical nerve repair is slow and often incomplete,resulting in poor functional recovery which sometimes contributes to lifelong ***,there are no FDA-approved therapies available to promote nerve *** accelerates axonal regeneration,but systemic side effects presently outweigh its potential benefits for peripheral nerve *** authors describe herein a biodegradable polyurethane-based drug delivery system for the sustained local release of tacrolimus at the nerve repair site,with suitable properties for scalable production and clinical application,aiming to promote nerve regeneration and functional recovery with minimal systemic drug *** is encapsulated into co-axially electrospun polycarbonate-urethane nanofibers to generate an implantable nerve wrap that releases therapeutic doses of bioactive tacrolimus over 31 *** and drug loading are adjustable for applications in small and large caliber nerves,and the wrap degrades within 120 days into biocompatible *** released from the nerve wrap promotes axon elongation in vitro and accelerates nerve regeneration and functional recovery in preclinical nerve repair models while off-target systemic drug exposure is reduced by 80%compared with systemic *** its surgical suitability and preclinical efficacy and safety,this system may provide a readily translatable approach to support axonal regeneration and recovery in patients undergoing nerve surgery.

关键词： biodegradable local drug delivery nerve injury nerve regeneration nerve wrap tacrolimus

Beginning from the end:the presynaptic terminal as a pathomechanism hub in frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第11期20卷 3217-3218页

作者： Laura Huggon Emma L.Clayton UK Dementia research institute at King’s College London LondonUK Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Psychiatry Psychology&NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondonUK

Frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:Frontotemporal dementia(F T D)and amyo t rophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)are neurodegenerative diseases with significant overlapping *** these neurodegenerative diseases affect different neuronal populations(with FTD affecting neurons of the frontal and temporal lobes,and ALS affecting upper and lower motor neurons),these two diseases are complexly *** and ALS exist on a disease spectrum,with shared genetic causes,clinical presentations,and pathologies.

关键词： diseases amyotrophic sclerosis