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Performance of Convective Parameterization Schemes in asia Using RegCM:Simulations in Three Typical Regions for the Period 1998–2002

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2015年第5期32卷 715-730页

作者： Shaukat ALI DAN Li FU Congbin YANG Yang START Temperate east asia Regional Center and Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate east asia Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Global Change Impact studies Centre Ministry of Climate Change

This study discusses the sensitivity of convective parameterization schemes（CPSs） in the Regional Climate Model（version 4.3）（Reg CM4.3） over east/south asia. The simulations using different CPSs in Reg CM are compared to discover a suitable scheme for this region, as the performance of different schemes is greatly influenced by region and seasonality. Over southeast China and the Bay of Bengal, the Grell scheme exhibits the lowest RMSEs of summer precipitation compared to observed data. Moreover, the Emanuel over land and Grell over ocean（ELGO） scheme enhances the simulation, in comparison with any single CPS（Grell/Emanuel） over Western Ghats, Sri Lanka, and southeast India. Over the Huang–Huai–Hai Plain（3H） and Tibetan Plateau（TP） regions of China, the Tiedtke scheme simulates the more reasonable summer precipitation with high correlation coefficient and comparable amplitude. Especially, it reproduces a minimum convective precipitation bias of 8 mm d^-1and the lowest RMSEs throughout the year over east/south asia. Furthermore, for seasonal variation of precipitation, the Tiedtke scheme results are closer to the observed data over the 3H and TP regions. However, none of the CPSs is able to simulate the seasonal variation over North Pakistan（NP）. In comparison with previous research, the results of this study support the Grell scheme over south asia. However, the Tiedtke scheme shows superiority for the 3H, TP and NP regions. The thicker PBL, less surface latent heat flux, the unique ability of deep convection and the entrainment process in the Tiedtke scheme are responsible for reducing the wet bias.

关键词： regional climate models(RCM) Reg CM4 Tiedtke scheme convective parameterization scheme(CPS) topography seasonality

The Interactive Climate and Vegetation Along the Pole-Equator Belts Simulated by a Global Coupled Model

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2007年第2期24卷 239-249页

作者：丹利季劲钧李银鹏 START Regional Center for Temperate east asia and Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate east asia Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

The interaction between climate and vegetation along four Pole-Equator-Pole （PEP） belts were explored using a global two-way coupled model, AVIM-GOALS, which links the ecophysiological processes at the land surface with the general circulation model （GCM）. The PEP belts are important in linking the climate change with the variation of sea and land, including terrestrial ecosystems. Previous PEP belts studies have mainly focused on the paleoclimate variation and its reconstruction. This study analyzes and discusses the interaction between modern climate and vegetation represented by leaf area index （LAI） and net primary production （NPP）. The results show that the simulated LAI variation, corresponding to the observed LAI variation, agrees with the peak-valley variation of precipitation in these belts. The annual mean NPP simulated by the coupled model is also consistent with PIK NPP data in its overall variation trend along the four belts, which is a good example to promote global ecological studies by coupling the climate and vegetation models. A large discrepancy between the simulated and estimated LAI emerges to the south of 15°N along PEP 3 and to the south of 18°S in PEP 1S, and the discrepancy for the simulated NPP and PIK data in the two regions is relatively smaller in contrast to the LAI difference. Precipitation is a key factor affecting vegetation variation, and the overall trend of LAI and NPP corresponds more obviously to precipitation variation than temperature change along most parts of these PEP belts.

关键词： Pole-Equator-Pole belts leaf area index (LAI) net primary production (NPP) AVIM-GOALS precipitation air temperature

Pile foundation in alternate layered liquefiable and non-liquefiable soil deposits subjected to earthquake loading

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第2期23卷 359-376页

作者： Praveen Huded M Suresh R Dash LEA Associates south east asia Pvt.Ltd. New Delhi 110044India Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar Khurda 752050India

Pile foundations are still the preferred foundation system for high-rise structures in earthquake-prone *** foundations have experienced failures in past earthquakes due to *** on pile foundations in liquefiable soils has primarily focused on the pile foundation behavior in two or three-layered soil ***,in natural occurrence,it may occur in alternative layers of liquefiable and non-liquefiable ***,the experimental and/or numerical studies on the layered effect on pile foundations have not been widely addressed in the *** of the design codes across the world do not explicitly mention the effect of sandwiched non-liquefiable soil layers on the pile *** the present study,the behavior of an end-bearing pile in layered liquefiable and non-liquefiable soil deposit is studied *** study found that the kinematic bending moment is higher and governs the design when the effect of the sandwiched non-liquefied layer is considered in the analysis as opposed to when its effect is ***,ignoring the effect of the sandwiched non-liquefied layer in a liquefiable soil deposit might be a nonconservative design approach.

关键词： pile foundation liquefaction alternately layered soil fixity effect layered effect

Analysis of precipitation characteristics of south and North China based on the power-law tail exponents

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Chinese Physics B 2008年第7期17卷 2745-2752页

作者：封国林龚志强支蓉章大全 Department of Physics Yangzhou University Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate east asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory for Climate studies National Climate CenterChina Meteorological Administration

Precipitation sequence is a typical nonlinear and chaotic observational series, and studies on precipitation forecasts are restricted to the use of traditional linear statistical methods, especially when analysing the regional characteristics of precipitation. In the context of 20 stations＇ daily precipitation series （from 1956 to 2000） in south China （SC） and North China （NC）, we divide each precipitation series into many self-stationary segments by using the heuristic segmentation algorithm （briefly BG algorithm）. For each station＇s precipitation series, we calculate the exponent of power-law tall （EPT） of the cumulative probability distribution of segments with a length larger than l for precipitation and temperature series. Our results show that the power-law decay of the cumulative probability distribution of stationary segments might be a common attribution for precipitation and other nonstationary time series; the EPT somewhat indicates the precipitation duration and its spatial distribution that might be different from area to area. The EPT in NC is larger than in SC; Meanwhile, EPT might be another effective way to study the abrupt changes in nonlinear and nonstationary time series.

关键词： the power-law exponents precipitation durative abrupt precipitation change

Sino-Turkish Cultural Ties under the Framework of Silk Road Strategy

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asian Journal of middle eastern and Islamic studies 2014年第2期8卷 44-65页

作者： MA Lirong middle east studies Institute Shanghai International Studies University

Cultural ties are the foundation and the key fact of Sino-Turkish relationship. The Sino-Turkish cultural ties revolve the succession and development of the sprit of the Silk Road constituted by reciprocal economic concepts, inclusive humanistic concepts and cooperative security concepts. It can also provide an example to multi-ethnic and multi-religious integration issues in global governance. The Sino-Turkish culture ties shoulder the missions of enhancing value communication, mutual trust and consensus against terrorism, which adds new connotation and new methods for China and Turkey, two powers at the ends of the Silk Road, to further deepen the bilateral relationship. China’s Silk Road strategy has created new opportunities to the cultural ties between China and Turkey, which is conducive to promote the relationship between China and the Arab-Islamic world and expand China’s influence in the Europe so as to promote the relationship between China and the West. A new mode of the Sino-Turkish Silk Road strategic cooperation can be established based on the Silk Road which connects Europe and asia.

关键词： The Silk Road Sino-Turkish Relationship Cultural

The US Military Bases in the Gulf Cooperation Council States:Dynamics of Readjustment

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asian Journal of middle eastern and Islamic studies 2010年第4期4卷 44-63,I0003页

作者： SUN Degang middle east studies Institute Shanghai International Studies University

Since the end of the Gulf War in 1991,the US military bases in the GCC states have evolved functionally from the dual containment of Iran and Iraq to the consolidation of its predominance in the Gulf *** the 9/11 terrorist attacks,the US readjustment of its military bases in the GCC states features two ***,the task of the bases has transformed from fighting the Iraq War to the more complex and enduring tasks of maintaining the Gulf security,countering terrorists and containing ***,the major military base deployment has shifted from Saudi Arabia to Qatar,Bahrain and other GCC states,so a multi-faceted security mechanism under the US leadership has taken shape,which has overshadowed the Iranian-proposed collective security *** Obama’s presidency,the deployment of the US military bases in the GCC states has revealed five new and distinct features,*** bases are extending geographically,diminishing in size,increasingly approaching the potential enemies,strong in mobility and being gradually interlinked with other bases in Central asia,Turkey and Djibouti.

关键词： GCC States Military Bases Security Cooperation Military Presence US middle east Policy

Sino-Arab Economic and Trade Cooperation: Situations, Tasks, Issues and Strategies

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asian Journal of middle eastern and Islamic studies 2011年第4期5卷 65-87页

作者： QIAN Xuewen middle east studies Institute Shanghai International Studies University

Sino-Arab economic and trade cooperation,which started a long time ago,has achieved a great headway since 2004 when it entered the fast *** 2010,the China-Arab States Economic and Trade Forum was established,providing Sino-Arab economic and trade cooperation for further expansion with an effective new platform and *** main positive factors for their current economic and trade cooperation are:a good basis for cooperation,a strong economic complementarity,a good beginning for bilateral investment cooperation,the existence of common languages,and the accordance with common *** principles and ideas for developing future cooperation are:to play out in the role of the China-Arab States Economic and Trade Forum,and to treat Sino-Arab bilateral cooperation with a large field of vision;to promote Sino-Arab economic and trade cooperation by enhancing bilateral relations;to pay attention to handling Sino-US relations well when strengthening Sino-Arab economic and trade cooperation;to continue to expand market openness and promote trade liberalization positively;to expand economic and trade cooperation further on the basis of energy *** order to maintain and protect the growing overseas interests of the Chinese government,a grand strategy of China's foreign should be established.

关键词： Sino-Arab Economic and Trade cooperation Sino-Arab Cooperation China-Arab States Cooperation Forum China-Arab States Economic and Trade Forum

studies on diversity of higher fungi in Yunnan, southwestern China:A review

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Plant Diversity 2018年第4期40卷 165-171页

作者： Bang Feng Zhuliang Yang Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of east asia Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences

Yunnan is exceedingly rich in higher fungi(Ascomycota and Basidiomycota). Given that the number of fungi(including lichens) occurring in a given area is, as Hawksworth suggested, roughly six times that of local vascular plants, a total of approximately 104,000 fungal species would be expected in ***, to date only about 6000 fungal species, including roughly 3000 species of higher fungi, have been reported from the province. Although studies on Yunnan's fungi started in the late nineteenth century, significant progress has been made only in the last forty-five years. Over the first twenty-five years of this period, studies on fungal diversity in this area have largely been about taxonomy based on morphological characters and partially on geographical distribution. Over the past twenty years, the combination of both morphological and molecular phylogenetic approaches has become the preferred method to help understand the diversity and evolution of higher fungi. This review focuses on our current knowledge of how geological, geographical, and ecological factors may have contributed to the diversity patterns of higher fungi in Yunnan. Based on this knowledge, three aspects for future studies are suggested.

关键词： Ascomycota Basidiomycota Biogeography Evolution Fungal diversity Yunnan

Building an“Outer Space Silk Road”:China’s Beidou Navigation Satellite System in the Arab World

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asian Journal of middle eastern and Islamic studies 2016年第3期10卷 24-49,I0002页

作者： SUN Degang ZHANG Yuyou middle east studies Institute Shanghai International Studies University

Navigation satellite systems are the symbols of states’hard power,and so are the assets of science and technology *** the new era,the structure of great powers’navigation satellite systems is characterized by“one superpower”(the US GPS),“multi-pillars”(EU’s Galileo,Russian GLONASS and Chinese Beidou),and“multi-centers”(Indian regional navigation satellite system and Japanese quasi zenith navigation satellite system).Beidou is of great significance to promoting“One Belt and One Road”Initiative in the Arab world,and the essential measures to deepen the strategic partnership between China and the Arab League in inter-connectivity;it will also be an essential step for Beidou’s“going global”strategy in the long *** implementation of Beidou’s projects in the Arab world is confronted with four dimensions of challenges of political,security,judicial and socio-cultural *** implementation follows an incremental principle,choose pivotal states,create a radiation effect,which will lay a foundation for Beidou to open the West asian and African market in the years to come.

关键词： Beidou Navigation Satellite One Belt and One Road China and the Arab Countries Science and Technology Diplomacy the New Silk Road