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Role of dietary amino acids and microbial metabolites in the regulation of pig intestinal health

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第2期9卷 1-6页

作者： Yong Ma Xuebing Han Jun Fang Hongmei Jiang College of Bioscience and Biotechnology Hunan Agricultural UniversityHunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Applied Microbial Resources Development for Livestock and PoultryChangsha410128China

With the rapid development of sequencing technology,research on pigs has focused on intestinal *** evidence suggests that the metabolites of intestinal microbes are the key medium for interactions between microbes and the *** acid metabolism is involved in the growth and immune processes of *** gut microbes of pigs are heavily involved in the metabolism of amino acids in their ***,we review the latest relevant *** findings show that microbial metabolites,such as indoles,short-chain fatty acids,and ammonia,play a key role in gut ***,we summarize the effects of amino acids on the structure of the gut microbial community and the metabolism of amino acids by pig gut *** shows that microbial amino acid metabolites act as signal molecules in the intestine and play an important role in the intestinal health of pigs.

关键词： Pig Amino acid Intestinal microbe Metabolite

Plant regeneration in the new era:from molecular mechanisms to biotechnology applications

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 1338-1367页

作者： Chunli Chen Yuxin Hu Momoko Ikeuchi Yuling Jiao Kalika Prasad Ying Hua Su Jun Xiao Lin Xu Weibing Yang Zhong Zhao Wenkun Zhou Yun Zhou Jian Gao Jia-Wei Wang National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation&Utilization of Horticultural Crops Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular physiology Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)China National Botanical GardenBeijing 100093China Division of Biological Sciences Graduate School of Science and TechnologyNara Institute of Science and TechnologyNara 630-0192Japan State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research School of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Center for Quantitative BiologyAcademy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune 411008IndiaThiruvananthapuram 695551India State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an 271018China Sino-German Joint Research Center on Agricultural Biology Shandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an 271018China Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB)CASBeijing 100101China CAS-JIC Centre of Excellence for Plant and microbial Science(CEPAMS) IGDBCASBeijing 100101China National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics CEMPSInstitute of Plant Physiology and Ecology(SIPPE)CASShanghai 200032China CEPAMS SIPPECASShanghai 200032China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CEMPSSchool of Life SciencesDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Department of Botany and Plant Pathology and Center for Plant Biology Purdue UniversityWest Lafayette 47907USA School of Life Science and Technology Shang

Plants or tissues can be regenerated through various *** animal regeneration,cell totipotency and pluripotency are the molecular basis of plant *** systematic studies on Arabidopsis thaliana gradually unravel the fundamental mechanisms and principles underlying plant ***,plant hormones,cell division,epigenetic remodeling,and transcription factors play crucial roles in reprogramming somatic cells and reestablishing meristematic *** research on basal non-vascular plants and monocot crops has revealed that plant regeneration differs among species,with various plant species using distinct mechanisms and displaying significant differences in regenerative *** multi-omics studies at the single-cell level,tracking plant regeneration processes in real-time,and deciphering the natural variation in regenerative capacity will ultimately help understand the essence of plant regeneration,improve crop regeneration efficiency,and contribute to future crop design.

关键词： apical meristem model species regeneration phytohormone plant cell reprogramming somatic embryogenesis

Secretome profiling reveals temperature-dependent growth of Aspergillus fumigatus

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2018年第5期61卷 578-592页

作者： Dongyu Wang Lili Zhang Haiyue Zou Lushan Wang State Key Laboratory of microbial Technology Shandong University

Aspergillus fumigatus is a ubiquitous opportunistic fungus. In this study, systematic analyses were carried out to study the temperature adaptability of A. fumigatus. A total of 241 glycoside hydrolases and 69 proteases in the secretome revealed the strong capability of A. fumigatus to degrade plant biomass and protein substrates. In total, 129 pathogenesis-related proteins detected in the secretome were strongly correlated with glycoside hydrolases and proteases. The variety and abundance of proteins remained at temperatures of 34°C–45°C. The percentage of endo-1,4-xylanase increased when the temperature was lowered to 20°C, while the percentage of cellobiohydrolase increased as temperature was increased, suggesting that the strain obtains carbon mainly by degrading xylan and cellulose, and the main types of proteases in the secretome were aminopeptidases and carboxypeptidases. Only half of the proteins were retained and their abundance declined to 9.7% at 55°C. The activities of the remaining β-glycosidases and proteases were merely 35% and 24%, respectively, when the secretome was treated at 60°C for 2 h. Therefore, temperatures >60°C restrict the growth of A. fumigatus.

关键词： Aspergillus fumigatus functional secretome temperature adaptability opportunistic pathogen saprophytic fungus

Oomycete Pathogen Pectin Acetylesterase Targets Host Lipid Transfer Protein to Reduce Salicylic Acid Signaling

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Oomycete Pathogen Pectin Acetylesterase Targets Host Lipid T...

Systematic identification of wheat spike developmental regulators by integrated multiomics, transcriptional network, GWAS, and genetic analyses

中国植物病理学会2024年学术年会

作者： Junjian Situ SONG Yu FENG Dinan WAN Lang LI Wen NING Yue HUANG Weixiong LI Minhui XI Pinggen DENG Yizhen JIANG Zide KONG Guanghui National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of microbial Signals and Disease Control South China Agricultural University State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources/Integrative Microbiology Research Center South China Agricultural University

During initial stages of microbial invasion,the extracellular space(apoplast) of plant cells is a vital battleground between plants and *** oomycete plant pathogens secrete an array of apoplastic carbohydrate active enzymes,which are central molecules for understanding the complex plant-oomycete *** them,pectin acetylesterase(PAE) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of plant pathogens including bacteria,fungi,and ***,we demonstrated that Peronophythora litchii(*** litchii) PlPAE5 suppresses litchi(Litchi chinensis) plant immunity by interacting with litchi lipid transfer protein 1(LcLTP1).The LcLTP1-binding activity and virulence function of PlPAE5 depend on its PAE domain but not on its PAE *** high expression of LcLTP 1 enhances plant resistance to oomycete and fungal pathogens,and this disease resistance depends on BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1-associated receptor kinase 1(BAK1) and Suppressor of BIR1(SOBIR1) in Nicotiana *** 1 activates the plant salicylicacid(SA) signaling pathway,while PlPAE5 subverts the LcLTP1-mediated SA signaling pathway by destabilizing ***,this study reports a virulence mechanism of oomycete PAE suppressing plant LTP-mediated SA immune signaling and will be instrumental for boosting plant resistance breeding.

关键词： oomycete LTP-mediated SA virulence mechanism

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Molecular Plant 2024年第3期17卷 438-459页

作者： Xuelei Lin Yongxin Xu Dongzhi Wang Yiman Yang Xiaoyu Zhang Xiaomin Bie Lixuan Gui Zhongxu Chen Yiliang Ding Long Mao Xueyong Zhang Fei Lu Xiansheng Zhang Cristobal Uauyo Xiangdong Fu Jun Xiao Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Nanjing Agricultural University NanjingJiangsu 210095China Key Laboratory of Crop Biology College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTaianShandong 271018China Department of Life Science Tcuni Inc.ChengduSichuan 610000China John Innes Centre Norwich Research ParkNorwich NR47UHUK Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China CAS-JIC Centre of Excellence for Plant and microbial Science(CEPAMS) Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyCASBeijing 100101China

The spike architecture of wheat plays a crucial role in determining grain number,making it a key trait for optimization in wheat breeding *** this study,we used a multi-omic approach to analyze the transcriptome and epigenome profiles of the young spike at eight developmental stages,revealing co-ordinated changes in chromatin accessibility and H3K27me3 abundance during the flowering *** constructed a core transcriptional regulatory network(TRN)that drives wheat spike formation and experimentally validated a multi-layer regulatorymodule involving TaSPL15,TaAGLG1,and *** integrating the TRN with genome-wide association studies,we identified 227 transcription factors,including 42 with known functions and 185 with unknown *** investigation of 61 novel transcription factors using multiple homozygous mutant lines revealed 36 transcription factors that regulate spike architecture or flowering time,such as TaMYC2-A1,TaMYB30-A1,and *** particular interest,TaMYB30-A1,downstream of and repressed by WFzP,was found to regulate fertile spikelet ***,the excellent haplotype of TaMYB30-A1,which contains a C allele at the WFzP binding site,was enriched during wheat breeding improvement in China,leading to improved agronomic ***,we constructed a free and open access Wheat Spike Multi-Omic Database(http://39.***.48.156:8800/#/).Our study identifies novel and high-confidence regulators and offers an effective strategy for dissecting the genetic basis of wheat spike development,with practical value forwheat breeding.

关键词： wheat spike development epigenome TRN TaMYB30-A1 breeding selection

Structure-Based Genetic Analysis of Hel308a in the Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Sulfolobus islandicus

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2016年第6期43卷 405-413页

作者： Xueguo Song Jinfeng Ni Yulong Shen State Key Laboratory of microbial Technology Shandong University

In archaea, the HEL308 homolog Hel308a（or Hjm） is implicated in stalled replication fork repair. The biochemical properties and structures of Hjm homologs are well documented, but in vivo mechanistic information is limited. Herein, a structure-based functional analysis of Hjm was performed in the genetically tractable hyperthermophilic archaeon, Sulfolobus islandicus. Results showed that domain V and residues within it, which affect Hjm activity and regulation, are essential and that the domain V-truncated mutants and sitedirected mutants within domain V cannot complement hjm chromosomal deletion. Chromosomal hjm deletion can be complemented by ectopic expression of hjm under the control of its native promoter but not an artificial arabinose promoter. Cellular Hjm levels are kept constant under ultraviolet（UV） and methyl methanesulfonate（MMS） treatment conditions in a strain carrying a plasmid to induce Hjm overexpression. These results suggest that Hjm expression and activity are tightly controlled, probably at the translational level.

关键词： Archaea Hel308a Replication fork regression Genetic complementation Sulfolobus islandicus

Estimation of Cellobiohydrolase I Activity by Numerical Differentiation of Dynamic Ultraviolet Spectroscopy

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2006年第6期38卷 372-378页

作者： Bin WU Yue ZHAO Pei-Ji GAO The State Key Laboratory of microbial Technology,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,China The State Key Laboratory of microbial Technology Shandong UniversityJinan 250100 China

1,4-β-D-glucan cellobiohydrolase I （CBH I）,p-nitrophenyl β-D-cellobioside,p-nitrophenol andcellobiose show distinct ultraviolet spectra,allowing the design of an assay to track the dynamic process ofp-nitrophenyl β-D-cellobioside hydrolysis by CBH *** on the linear relationship between p-nitrophenolformation in the hydrolysate and its first derivative absorption Curve of AUC340400nm（area under the curve）,a new sensitive assay for the determination of CBH I activity was *** dynamic parameters ofcatalysis reaction,such as Vm and kcat,can all be derived from this *** influence of β-glucosidase andendoglucanase in crude enzyme sample on the assay was discussed in *** approach is useful foraccurate determination of the activity of CBHs.

关键词： cellobiohydrolase dynamic spectrum area under the curve(AUC)

Time-kill kinetics and biocidal effect of Euclea crispa leaf extracts against microbial membrane

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第4期10卷 370-377页

作者： Kazeem Adekunle Alayande Carolina(H) Pohl Anofi Omotayo Tom Ashafa Phytomedicine and Phytopharmacology Research Group Department of Plant ScienesUniversity of the Free State Depatment of microbial Biochemical & Food BiotechnologyUniversity of the Free State

Objective:To evaluate antimicrobial potential of the fractions partitioned from Enclea crispa leaf extract and determination of their impact on cell membrane ***:Antimicrobial potentials were evaluated via susceptibility test,determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations(MICs) and time-kill kinetics of the potent *** of membrane disruption was determined by the amount of proteins and nucleotides released from within the cells and SEM images of the membrane after 120 min of ***:The largest inhibition zone(25.5±0.50 mm) was obtained by ethylacetate fraction against Aeromonas hydrophilla at 10 mg/*** lowest MIC(0.16 mg/mL) was exhibited by n-butanol and ethylacetate fractions against test bacteria while all fractions exhibited MIC values between 0.31 and 1.25 mg/mL against susceptible yeast.n-Butanol fraction achieved absolute mortality against Bacillus pumulis(***) and Klebsiella pneumoniae(***) after 90 and 120 min contact time respectively at 1 *** mortality also achieved by n-hexane fraction against *** and K pneumoniae after 90 and 120 min respectively at 2 *** fraction achieved absolute mortality against both bacteria after 120 min at 2 MIC.n-Hexane fraction achieved total mortality against Candida albicans after 120 min at 1 *** amount of proteins(0.566 Mg/mL) was released from *** by n-butanol fraction at 2 MIC after 120 min of treatment while the maximum amount of nucleotides released(4.575 ug) was from *** by n-hexane fraction under similar ***:This study suggests the leaf of Euclea crispa a source of bioactive compound with membrane attack as one of the mechanisms of its biocidal action.

关键词： Pathogens MlCs Protein leakage Nucleotides leakage SEM

Treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and prevention of nonalcoholic Wernicke’s disease:A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第24期12卷 5628-5635页

作者： Yu-Yang Ma Xiao-Chan He Yu Gao Tian-Tian Ma Gong Cheng Chang-Wu Yue Yan’an Key Laboratory of microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation School of Basic MedicineYan’an UniversityYan’an 716000Shaanxi ProvinceChina Department of Cardiology Second DivisionShaanxi Provincial People’s HospitalXi’an 710000Shaanxi ProvinceChina Xi’an Honghui Hospital Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710000Shaanxi ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Wernicke encephalopathy is a neurological disorder caused by thiamine deficiency,commonly seen in alcoholic populations but also involving other circumstances that may lead to thiamine *** recognition of Wernicke encephalopathy often depends on clinicians’keen ability to detect its typical triad of features;however,most cases do not present with the full constellation of signs,which complicates the timely identification of Wernicke *** SUMMARY This case report describes a patient with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who developed abnormal ocular function and ataxia following concurrent chemoradiotherapy,without a history of alcohol *** the aid of radiological examinations,he received a timely diagnosis and treatment;however,his symptoms did not fully resolve during *** For patients with malignant tumors exhibiting neurological symptoms,clinicians should consider the possibility of Wernicke encephalopathy and provide prophylactic thiamine therapy.

关键词： Nasopharyngeal carcinoma Non-alcoholic Wernicke’s disease Wernicke’s encephalopathy Neurological Case report