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Visceral leishmaniasis among children in an endemic area of northwestern Iran between 2016 and 2017: An epidemiological study

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2019年第7期12卷 306-314页

作者： Hamed Behniafar Vahideh Moin-Vaziri Mehdi Mohebali Seyyed Javad Seyyed Tabaei Zabih Zarei Elham Kazemirad Behnaz Akhoundi Mohammad Kazem Saharifi-Yazdi Alireza Zahraei-Ramazani Department of Parasitology&Mycology School of MedicineStudent Research CommitteeShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of Parasitology&Mycology School of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of Medical Parasitology&Mycology School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Center for research of Endemic Parasites of Iran Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran meshkin-shahr research station National Institute of Health ResearchTehran University of Medical SciencesArdabilIran Zoonosis research Center Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran

Objective: To clarify the epidemiological aspects of visceral leishmaniasis in Kaleybar and Khoda-Afarin districts, north-west of ***: A total of 1 420 human(children under 12 years) samples, 101 domestic dogs samples(Canis familiaris), and 577 female sand fly samples were collected. Sera of human and dogs were tested using the direct agglutination test, and sand flies were identified at species level using the microscopic method. Furthermore, a structured questionnaire was applied to evaluate the correlation between the potential risk factors and the related clinical signs/symptoms with the human and dogs’ ***: Totally, 2.18% of human samples were positive at titers≥1: 800;among them, 13 cases(41.94%) were above 1:3 200, and clinical symptoms were observed in all of them except for an 11-year old girl. Anti-Leishmania infantum antibodies were found at titer≥1: 320 in 9.90% of dogs’ samples, half of them had at least one sign of canine visceral leishmaniasis. Moreover, 10 Phlebotomus species were identified in the study areas, and Phlebotomus(Larroussius) major group was the predominant species. There are significant correlations between the presence of anti-Leishmania infantum antibodies and the fever(P<0.001), anemia(P=0.001) and weight loss(P=0.016) in children. On the other hand, significant correlations were revealed between the Leishmania infection and the shelter(P=0.039), cutaneous lesion(P=0.005), lymphadenopathy(P=0.001) and weight loss(P<0.001) in the infected ***: Visceral Leishmania infection is prevalent in rural areas of Kaleybar and KhodaAfar districts located in East-Azerbaijan province, therefore active detection and treatment of visceral leishmaniasis cases should not be neglected.

关键词： Visceral leishmaniasis Human Domestic dog Seroprevalence Risk factor Phlebotomus

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Improved Performance for a Heterogeneous Satellite-Cooperative Network with Best Relay Node Selection

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China Communications 2019年第5期16卷 93-105页

作者： Pedram hajipour Ali Shahzadi Saeed Ghazi-Maghrebi Department of Communication College of Electrical EngineeringYadegar-e-Imam Khomeini (RAH) Shahr-e-rey BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Semnan UniversitySemnanIran. Department of Communication College of Electrical EngineeringYadegar-e-Imam Khomeini (RAH) Shahr-e-rey BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran

Nowadays, hybrid satellite-terrestrial cooperative network has emerged as a key technology to provide a great variety of communication services. The deployment of this network will improve coverage and capacity in remote areas. Despite the benefits of this network, by increasing the number of users, communication efficiency based on interference management is a major challenge in satellite-based system. Also, the direct links between satellite system and the terrestrial equipment do not always have desirable channel condition. In order to avoid serious throughput degradation, choosing a cooperative relay node is very important. In this paper, Stackelberg game is exploited for interference management that is raised by satellites in down link over terrestrial equipment. Then, for interference management between ground station and relay node with other mobile users, CVX is used to allocate optimum power. Also, the best relay node in this structure is selected based on the harmonic mean function. Thus, the performance of the heterogeneous satellite-cooperative network is investigated based on three benchmarks, namely, successful transmission, energy consumption and outage probability. Finally, the simulation results showed the effect of proposed system model on the performance of next generation satellite networks.

关键词： heterogeneous Stackelberg game convex optimization relay node cooperative communication

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