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Dairy sheep production research at the University of Wisconsin-Madison,USA-a review

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2014年第2期5卷 127-138页

作者： David L Thomas Yves M Berger Brett C McKusick Claire M Mikolayunas University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Animal Sciences Spooner Agricultural Research Station Current address:merial ltd Midwest Organic Services Association ViroquaWisconsinUSA

Commercial milking of sheep is a new agricultural industry in the United States starting approximately 30 yr ago. The industry is still small, but it is growing. The majority of the sheep milk is used in the production of specialty cheeses. The United States is the major importer of sheep milk cheeses with 50 to 60% of annual world exports coming to the United States during the past 20 yr. Therefore, there is considerable growth potential for the industry in the United States. The only dairy sheep research flock in North America is located at the Spooner Agricultural Research Station of the University of Wisconsin-Madison. The research program started in 1993 and has been multifaceted; dealing with several areas important to commercial dairy sheep farmers. The East Friesian and Lacaune dairy breeds were compared and introduced to the industry through the research program. Both dairy breeds produced significantly more milk than traditional meat-wool breeds found in the U.S., but the two breeds differed in their production traits. East Friesian-cross ewes produced more lambs and slightly more milk than Lacaune-cross ewes whereas Lacaune-cross ewes produced milk with a higher percentage of fat and protein than East Friesian-cross ewes. Lactation physiology studies have shown that ewes with active corpora lutea have increased milk yields, oxytocin release during milking is required to obtain normal fat percentages in the milk, large udder cisterns of dairy ewes can allow for increased milking intervals, and short daylengths during late pregnancy results in increased milk yield. In the nutrition area, legume-grass pastures and forages with a higher percentage of legume will result in increased milk production. Grazing ewes respond to additional supplementation with increased milk yield, but it is important to match the supplement to the quality of the grazing. Ewes on high quality legume-grass pastures that are high in rumen degradable protein respond with increased milk

关键词： Dairy sheep East Friesian Grazing Lacaune Lactation physiology Nitrogen efficiency RDP RUP Supplementation

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Seroprevalence survey of canine Babesia gibsoni infection and tick species in dogs in East China

Seroprevalence survey of canine Babesia gibsoni infection an...

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中国畜牧兽医学会兽医寄生虫学分会第十三次学术研讨会

作者： Jie Cao Qiqing Yang Jianwei Zhang Yongzhi Zhou Houshuang Zhang Haiyan Gong Jinlin Zhou Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture Shanghai Veterinary Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences merial International Trading(Shanghai) Co. Ltd.

A seroprevalence survey of canine Babesia gibsoni infection in East China was conducted using an ELISA with recombinant *** thrombospondin-related adhesive protein(BgTRAP).A total of 1170 dogs from East China were examined and the seroprevalence was 9.23%.The proportion of samples was81.2%,7.86%and 10.94%from pet,working and fighting dogs,*** fighting dogs showed highest seroprevalence(39.8%) compared with working dogs(26.1%) and pet dogs(3.47%).These results indicate that *** infection of dogs has a widespread geographic distribution throughout East China.A history of tick infestation and bites might be an important factor in *** dominant ticks collected from the dogs were identified as Rhipicephalus sanguineus(65.57%),Haemaphysalis longicornis(21.58%) and Rhipicephalus hemaphysaloides(10.7%).Besides adult,larval and nymph stages of ticks were also recorded on *** is the first report of seroprevalence of canine *** infection and tick species in dogs in China.

关键词： Seroprevalence Babesia gibsoni dog tick

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主要疾病在美国大型养猪企业所造成的经济损失

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今日养猪业 2008年第3期 23-25页

作者： Derald Holtkamp Hans Rotto Roberto Garcia 马振强闫之春 Iowa State University Innovative Agriculture Solutions merial ltd 北京养猪育种中心美国谷物协会

目前，能评估对美国养猪业影响的疾病种类寥寥无几。最近的一项研究指出，蓝耳病（PRRS）全年对美国养猪业所造成的损失约为5．6亿美元。但是，目前还没有广泛地评估所有主要疾病对养猪业造成影响的报告。因此，有必要对主要疾病所造成... 详细信息

目前，能评估对美国养猪业影响的疾病种类寥寥无几。最近的一项研究指出，蓝耳病（PRRS）全年对美国养猪业所造成的损失约为5．6亿美元。但是，目前还没有广泛地评估所有主要疾病对养猪业造成影响的报告。因此，有必要对主要疾病所造成的影响进行全面评估，以便于全美养猪企业之间的比较分析，指导对养猪健康业的投资。本研究的目的是对主要疾病对养猪业所造成的生产和经济损失进行排序和量化。

关键词：疾病种类经济损失养猪业美国企业评估蓝耳病

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Protection by Recombinant Newcastle Disease Viruses (NDV) Expressing the Glycoprotein (G) of Avian Metapneumovirus (aMPV) Subtype A or B against Challenge with Virulent NDV and aMPV

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World Journal of Vaccines 2013年第4期3卷 130-139页

作者： Qingzhong Yu Jason P. Roth Haixia Hu Carlos N. Estevez Wei Zhao Laszlo Zsak 1Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory Agricultural Research Services United States Department of Agriculture Athens USA College of Animal Science and Technology Southwest University Chongqing China Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory Agricultural Research Services United States Department of Agriculture Athens USA Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory Agricultural Research Services United States Department of Agriculture Athens USA Boehringer-In-gelheim Vetmedica St. Joseph USA Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory Agricultural Research Services United States Department of Agriculture Athens USA merial ltd. Athens USA

Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) are threatening avian pathogens that can cause serious respiratory diseases in poultry worldwide. Vaccination, combined with strict biosecurity practices, has been the recommendation for controlling these diseases in the field. In the present study, we generated NDV LaSota vaccine strain-based recombinant viruses expressing the glycoprotein (G) of aMPV, subtype A or B, using reverse genetics technology. These recombinant viruses, rLS/aMPV-A G and rLS/aMPV-B G, were characterized in cell cultures and evaluated in turkeys as bivalent, next-generation vaccines. The results showed that these recombinant vaccine candi-dates were slightly attenuated in vivo, yet maintained similar growth dynamics, cytopathic effects, and virus titers in vitro when compared to the parental LaSota virus. The expression of the aMPV G protein in recombinant virus-infected cells was detected by immunofluorescence. Vaccination of turkeys with rLS/aMPV-A G or rLS/aMPV-B G conferred complete protection against velogenic NDV, CA02 strain challenge and partial protection against homologous patho-genic aMPV challenge. These results suggest that the LaSota recombinant virus is a safe and effective vaccine vector and expression of the G protein alone is not sufficient to provide full protection against aMPV-A or -B infections. Ex-pression of other aMPV-A or -B virus immunogenic protein(s) individually or in conjunction with the G protein may be necessary to induce stronger and more protective immunity against aMPV diseases.

关键词： NDV aMPV-A and -B Glycoprotein Recombinant Virus Bivalent Vaccine Turkeys Protection

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