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Evaluating Potential Vaccine Antigens in both the <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>and <i>Chlamydia muridarum</i>Intravaginal Mouse Challenge Models

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World Journal of Vaccines 2019年第2期9卷 49-69页

作者： Robin M. Kaufhold Melissa A. Boddicker Jodie A. Field Bob J. Lucas Joseph M. Antonello Amy S. Espeseth Julie M. Skinner Jon H. Heinrichs Jeffrey G. Smith Department of Infectious Diseases/Vaccines MRL (West Point PA) Merck & Co. Inc. Kenilworth NJ USA Present Address Teva Pharmaceuticals West Chester Pennsylvania USA Department of Biometrics Research MRL (West Point PA) Merck & Co. Inc. Kenilworth NJ USA Present Address Sanofi Pasteur Swiftwater Pennsylvania USA Present Address Moderna Therapeutics Cambridge Massachusetts USA

Identifying relevant animal challenge models adds to the complexity of human vaccine development. Murine challenge models have been the most utilized animal model for Chlamydia trachomatis vaccine development. The question arises as to whether the C. trachomatis or C. muridarum pre-clinical model is optimal. We compared C. muridarum and C. trachomatis intravaginal challenge models in a combined total of seventy-five studies evaluating potential vaccine candidates. In 100% (42/42) of C. muridarum studies, mice immunized with Chlamydia elementary bodies (EB) demonstrated a significant reduction in urogenital bacterial shedding as measured by qPCR (p C. trachomatis studies. We have evaluated proposed vaccine antigens in both models and observed immunization with Chlamydia major outer membrane protein (MOMP) vaccine formulations to be protective (p C. trachomatis model, and immunization with PmpD p82 translocator domain was not protective in either model. We also observed in both models that depletion of CD4+ T-cells in MOMP-immunized mice resulted in diminished protective immunity but animals were still able to reduce the infection level. In contrast, mice immunized with live EBs by intraperitoneal route did not require CD4+ T-cells to resolve urogenital infection from intravaginal challenge in either model. Overall, we have found the C. muridarum model to be a more robust, reliable, and reproducible model for vaccine antigen discovery.

关键词： Chlamydia Mouse Challenge Model Intravaginal Challenge Sexually Transmitted Diseases

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Gaussian processes non-linear inverse reinforcement learning

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IET Cyber-Systems and Robotics 2021年第2期3卷 150-163页

作者： Qifeng Qiao Xiaomin Lin Netflix Inc.Los GatosCaliforniaUSA Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance co BostonMassachusettsUSA

The authors analyse a Bayesian framework for posing and solving inverse reinforcement learning(IRL)problems that arise in decision-making and optimisation *** authors propose a non-parametric Bayesian model using Gaussian process(GP)and preference graphs,which offer an effective and computationally efficient method for illposed IRL problems in large or infinite state *** approach only requires a finite number of demonstrations that is much less than the amount required for approximating the feature expectation or value functions in previous IRL *** proposed learning framework is expressive as it relies on a Bayesian structure in which assumptions are explicit and *** is also robust in that it formalises on convex optimisation,which retains the promise of computationally manageable implementations for practical *** deal with more realistic IRL problems where the dynamics is also unknown,the GP model can be easily combined with the method to learn the dynamics at the same *** results prove the superiority of the authors method to current prevailing IRL algorithms with fewer numbers of demonstrations in both discrete and continuous state space.

关键词： space. inverse Gaussian

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Generalized stress field in granular soils heap with RayleigheRitz method

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2017年第1期9卷 135-149页

作者： Gang Bi CH2M Inc. Englewood USA Chongqing Titan Architects-Multi-Disciplinary Practice co. Chongqing China

The stress field in granular soils heap(including piled coal) will have a non-negligible impact on the settlement of the underlying soils. It is usually obtained by measurements and numerical *** the former method is not reliable as pressure cells instrumented on the interface between piled coal and the underlying soft soil do not work well, results from numerical methods alone are necessary to be doubly checked with one more method before they are extended to more complex cases. The generalized stress field in granular soils heap is analyzed with Rayleighe Ritz method. The problem is divided into two cases: case A without horizontal constraint on the base and case B with horizontal constraint on the base. In both cases, the displacement functions u(x, y) and v(x, y) are assumed to be cubic polynomials with 12 undetermined parameters, which will satisfy the Cauchy’s partial differential equations, generalized Hooke’s law and boundary equations. A function is built with the Rayleighe Ritz method according to the principle of minimum potential energy, and the problem is converted into solving two undetermined parameters through the variation of the function, while the other parameters are expressed in terms of these two parameters. By comparison of results from the Rayleighe Ritz method and numerical simulations, it is demonstrated that the Rayleighe Ritz method is feasible to study the generalized stress field in granular soils heap. Solutions from numerical methods are verified before being extended to more complicated cases.

关键词： Generalized stress field Rayleighe Ritz method Stress depression Variation of the function Principle of minimum potential energy

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A case study on the efficacy of different roof bolting schemes in Lhoist North America’s Crab Orchard Mine

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2020年第1期30卷 99-104页

作者： Reece Kurre Gabriel Walton Stantec consulting Services inc. Walnut CreekCA 94597USA Department of Geology and Geological Engineering Colorado School of MinesGoldenCO 80401USA

Roof bolting has long been used in underground mines across the world to provide ground *** roof bolts are cheap and easy to install with the use of specialized machines as a part of the production cycle. Lhoist North America’s Crab Orchard Mine is an underground room and pillar limestone mine that uses mechanically anchored roof bolts for ground support. The mine currently employs two different roof bolting patterns: a standard 1.5 × 1.5 m pattern, and another 0.8 × 0.8 m pattern for use in areas with particularly hazardous roof conditions. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relative effectiveness of each bolting pattern. A series of numerical models were created using Roc Science’s RS2. The models were based on a symmetrical section of the mine at its deepest point, and were modeled using generalized Hoek-Brown failure criterion along with a discrete fracture network. A series of sensitivity analyses were performed on the models by varying parameters such as joint friction angle, crack persistence, joint randomization, and tensile strength of the limestone. Based on the results of the original models and sensitivity analyses, it appeared that the standard bolting pattern provided sufficient roof support capacity under almost all the expected conditions at the mine, since safety factors below the design value of 1.5 were only found for individual bolts in a few of the worst test cases *** results can help improve the mine’s productivity and reduce operating costs without compromising safety.

关键词： Numerical modeling Mining Roof bolting Roof stability Analysis RocScience’s RS2 Underground stone

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Effect of Boron and Heat Treatment on Mechanical Properties of White Cast Iron for Mining Application

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2011年第11期18卷 31-39页

作者： Havva Kazdal Zeytin Hakan Yildirim Banu Berme Selim Duduoglu Gürkan Kazdal Adem Deniz TUBITAK MRC Duduoglu Steel Casting Industry and Trade inc co TuBITAK MRC Materials Institute Chemistry Metallurgy Faculty Istanbul Technical University

Heat treatment methods were applied to white cast iron for improving the impact and wear resistance. Additionally, chemical composition optimization was made. Furthermore, the effect of boron addition on such applica- tions was investigated. Samples were investigated by using optical and electron microscope methods. Hardness, wear and impact tests were conducted. The results showed that the secondary carbides in the standard alloy were iron-enriched, needle-like carbides M3C when the boron-added alloy contained Fe23 （C, B）6 type, globular secondary carbides. It was concluded that heat treatment B provided higher wear and hardness properties, compared to the stand- ard heat treatment. Optimum mechanical properties were obtained by lower destabilisation temperatures and increasing temperature reduced the wear resistance and hardness.

关键词： white cast iron mining application impact resistance wear toughness

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100-Gb/s undersea transmission with high spectral efficiency using pre-filtered QPSK modulation format

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Chinese Optics Letters 2010年第9期8卷 831-836页

作者： J.-X. Cai Y. Cai C. R. Davidson D. G. Foursa A. Lucero O. Sinkin W. Patterson A. Pilipetskii G. Mohs Neal S. Bergano Tyco Electronics Subsea communications LLC ("TE Subcom" formerly known as ~co Telecommunications (US) inc.) 250 Industrial Way West Eatontown NJ 07724 USA

We provide a review of our recent 100-Gb/s, high spectral efficiency （SE） experiment targeting transoceanic and regional undersea transmission distances. We demonstrated that simple pre-filtering at the transmitter together with a maximum a posteriori probability （MAP） detection algorithm can significantly improve SE. We transmitted 96×100-Gb/s pre-filtered polarization division multiplexed return-to-zero quadrature phase shift keyed （PDM-RZ-QPSK） channels with 300% SE over 10608 km using 52-km spans of 150-μm 2 fiber and simple single-stage erbium-doped fiber amplifiers （EDFAs）. We also achieved 400% SE over 4368 km using similar techniques.

关键词： Bit error rate Erbium doped fiber amplifiers Modulation Optical signals Quadrature phase shift keying Signal processing

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Structural vibration passive control and economic analysis of a high-rise building in Beijing

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2009年第4期8卷 561-568页

作者： Chen Yongqi Cao Tiezhu Ma Liangzhe Luo Chaoying Beijing Qitai Shock control and Scientific Development co. Ltd Beijing 10003 7 China John A. Martin ＆ Associates Inc. Los Angeles USA

Performance analysis of the Pangu Plaza under earthquake and wind loads is described in this paper. The plaza is a 39-story steel high-rise building, 191 m high, located in Beijing close to the 2008 Olympic main stadium. It has both fluid viscous dampers （FVDs） and buckling restrained braces or unbonded brace （BRB or UBB） installed. A repeated iteration procedure in its design and analysis was adopted for optimization. Results from the seismic response analysis in the horizontal and vertical directions show that the FVDs are highly effective in reducing the response of both the main structure and the secondary system. A comparative analysis of structural seismic performance and economic impact was conducted using traditional methods, i.e., increased size of steel columns and beams and/or use of an increased number of seismic braces versus using FVD. Both the structural response and economic analysis show that using FVD to absorb seismic energy not only satisfies the Chinese seismic design code for a ＂rare＂ earthquake, but is also the most economical way to improve seismic performance both for one-time direct investment and long term maintenance.

关键词： fluid viscous dampers (FVD) damping ratio secondary system One-time investment maintenance factor

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Solubility of Paclitaxel in Mixtures of Dichloromethane and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2011年第4期19卷 558-564页

作者： LUO Nin LU Yingmei JIANG Yanbin Star Lake Bioscience co. Inc. Zhaoqing 526040 China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 5 10640 China

Phase behavior of paclitaxel in solvent mixtures of dichloromethane and supercritical carbon dioxide was investigated using a supercritical phase *** point pressures were determined as a function of temperature,pressure and paclitaxel content from 313.1 to 343.1K and pressures up to 33.52 *** ternary mixtures exhibit a typical lower critical solution temperature *** paclitaxel content increases,the single-phase region shrinks in *** cubic equations of state(Redlich-Kworng,Soave-Redlich-Kwong and Peng-Robinson equation of state) coupled with the van der Waals one-fluid mixing rules were selected to correlate the experimental *** results indicate that SRK EOS coupled with two binary interaction parameters kij and lij can predict paclitaxel solubility for the best fit of experimental data.

关键词：超临界二氧化碳紫杉醇含量三元混合物二氯甲烷溶解度低临界溶液温度立方状态方程压力测定

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Thermal physiological response to local heating and cooling during sleep

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2012年第1期1卷 51-57页

作者： Yu Hibino Shuichi Hokoi Katsuaki Yoshida Satoru Takada Masanori Nakajima Miho Yamate KVOtO University Japan Kobe University Japan The Kansai Electric Power co. Inc. Japan

For a healthy and productive life, good steep is essential, which has prompted studies on how comfortable sleep can be achieved. Understanding the relationship between thermal environment and physiological responses such as skin and core temperatures, and psychological responses such as thermal and sleep sensations is necessary to identify the most suitable thermal environment for steep. As an energy-saving and practical method of creating the most appropriate thermal environment for sleep, local heating or cooling is sometimes used, which takes into consideration the differences in local thermal responses. We performed this study to identify the most effective thermal environment for inducing comfortable sleep by identifying the physiological responses during sleep on the basis of sleep experiments conducted under local body heating or cooling conditions. We also used a human thermal model, which can be applied for predicting physiological responses. In the experiments, the feet of the subject were the primary area to be heated or cooled, which was achieved by installing a flexible duct with an outlet placed close to the subject＇s feet and inlet connected to an air conditioner. Differences in the fluctuation of body temperature and sleep stage depended on the airflow direction from the duct to the feet. When air was blown downward towards the feet, body temperature decreased and the subject was able to sleep well. Measured skin and core temperatures were calculated using an improved 27-node human thermal model that was originally developed for use in subjects who are not in steep. Although skin

关键词： Sleep Thermal environ-ment Local air conditioning Physiologicalresponse Human thermal mode[

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Some Observations and Thoughts about Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Application for 5G Evolution and 6G

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ZTE communications 2022年第1期20卷 14-20页

作者： HOU Xiaolin LI Xiang WANG Xin CHEN Lan SUYAMA Satoshi DOcoMO Beijing communications Laboratories co. Ltd.Beijing 100190China NTT DOcoMO INC.Tokyo 239-8536Japan

Reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)is one of the hottest research topics for 5G evolution and *** is expected that RIS can improve the system capacity and coverage with low cost and power *** paper first discusses typical applications of RIS for 5G evolution and 6G,including RIS-aided smart channels and RIS-aided mega multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO).Then,several observa-tions from RIS trials and system-level simulations are presented,especially those on the deployment strategy and the potential performance gain of RIS for coverage *** near-field effect and a two-step dynamic RIS beamforming method are also ***,we summarize the challenges and opportunities of the RIS technology for 5G evolution and 6G,including hardware design,system and channel modeling,algorithm design and optimization,and *** also suggest a step-by-step commercialization strategy as a conclusion.

关键词： 5G evolution 6G beamforming coverage RIS

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