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Development,validation,and transportability of several machine-learned,non-exercise-based VO_(2max)prediction models for older adults

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 611-620页

作者： Benjamin T.Schumacher Michael J.LaMonte Andrea Z.LaCroix Eleanor M.Simonsick Steven P.Hooker Humberto Parada Jr. John Bellettiere Arun Kumar Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health School of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity at BuffaloState University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14214USA Translational Gerontology Branch Intramural Research ProgramNational Institute on AgingNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMD 21225USA College of Health and Human Services San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA 92182USA Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthSan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA 92182USA university of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center La JollaCA 92093USA Computer Science and Engineering and Halicioglu Data Science Institute University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA

Background:There exist few maximal oxygen uptake(VO_(2max))non-exercise-based prediction equations,fewer using machine learning(ML),and none specifically for older *** direct measurement of VO_(2max)is infeasible in large epidemiologic cohort studies,we sought to develop,validate,compare,and assess the transportability of several ML VO_(2max)prediction ***:The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging(BLSA)participants with valid VO2_(max)tests were included(n=1080).Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator,linear-and tree-boosted extreme gradient boosting,random forest,and support vector machine(SVM)algorithms were trained to predict VO_(2max)*** developed these algorithms for:(a)the overall BLSA,(b)by sex,(c)using all BLSA variables,and(d)variables common in aging ***,we quantified the associations between measured and predicted VO_(2max)and ***:The age was 69.0±10.4 years(mean±SD)and the measured VO_(2max)was 21.6±5.9 mL/kg/*** absolute shrinkage and selection operator,linear-and tree-boosted extreme gradient boosting,random forest,and support vector machine yielded root mean squared errors of 3.4 mL/kg/min,3.6 mL/kg/min,3.4 mL/kg/min,3.6 mL/kg/min,and 3.5 mL/kg/min,*** quartiles of measured VO_(2max)showed an inverse gradient in mortality *** VO_(2max)variables yielded similar effect estimates but were not robust to ***:Measured VO_(2max)is a strong predictor of *** ML can improve the accuracy of prediction as compared to simpler approaches but estimates of association with mortality remain sensitive to *** studies should seek to reproduce these results so that VO_(2max),an important vital sign,can be more broadly studied as a modifiable target for promoting functional resiliency and healthy aging.

关键词： Cardiorespiratory fitness Prediction algorithms Epidemiology Mortality

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Ocular syphilis:a case series of four patients and a review of the literature

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Annals of Eye Science 2024年第2期9卷 62-70页

作者： Madeline Beckman Lana M.Rifkin Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Ophthalmic Consultants of Boston Uveitis ServiceBostonMAUSA

Background:The incidence of syphilis has been increasing in the United states over the last two decades,with a more recent increase among *** syphilis is an uncommon but important complication of syphilis,most often presenting as posterior or panuveitis in late or latent syphilis of unknown *** ocular syphilis may lead to permanent vision loss,underscoring the importance of appropriate evaluation and treatment of ocular *** Description:In a retrospective,non-contiguous case series,we highlight four patients diagnosed and treated with ocular syphilis at a single *** presentations of ocular syphilis are illustrated:anterior and intermediate uveitis,optic neuritis,posterior uveitis,and *** patients initially presented with a decreased visual acuity(VA).One patient had a previous diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV).Three patients were treated with intravenous(IV)penicillin and one patient with IV *** had a return to their baseline VA after their course of ***:Syphilis may go undetected without a high index of clinical suspicion due to its nonspecific *** patients with ocular inflammation should have syphilis testing as a part of their infectious workup with both treponemal and non-treponemal *** diagnosed with syphilis and are not known to be HIV-negative should undergo testing for HIV due to the high rate of *** diagnosis and prompt treatment after onset of symptoms may contribute to a more favorable prognosis for ocular syphilis.

关键词： Ocular syphilis uveitis choroiditis intermediate uveitis case series

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Molecular regulation of calcium-sensing receptor(CaSR)-mediated signaling

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Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine 2024年第3期10卷 167-194页

作者： Li Tian Corey Andrews Qiuyun Yan Jenny J.Yang Department of Chemistry Center for Diagnostics and TherapeuticsAdvanced Translational Imaging FacilityGeorgia State UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA

Calcium-sensing receptor(CaSR),a family C G-protein-coupled receptor,plays a crucial role in regulating calcium homeostasis by sensing small concentration changes of extracellular Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),amino acids(e.g.,L-Trp and L-Phe),small peptides,anions(e.g.,HCO_(3)^(-)and PO_(4)^(3-)),and ***-mediated intracellular Ca^(2+)signaling regulates a diverse set of cellular processes including gene transcription,cell proliferation,differentiation,apoptosis,muscle contraction,and neuronal *** of CaSR with mutations results in diseases such as autosomal dominant hypocalcemia,familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia,and neonatal severe *** also influences calciotropic disorders,such as osteoporosis,and noncalciotropic disorders,such as cancer,Alzheimer's disease,and pulmonary arterial *** study first reviews recent advances in biochemical and structural determination of the framework of CaSR and its interaction sites with natural ligands,as well as exogenous positive allosteric modulators and negative allosteric *** establishment of the first CaSR protein-protein interactome network revealed 94 novel players involved in protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum,trafficking,cell surface expression,endocytosis,degradation,and signaling *** roles of these proteins in Ca^(2+)-dependent cellular physiological processes and in CaSR-dependent cellular signaling provide new insights into the molecular basis of diseases caused by CaSR mutations and dysregulated CaSR activity caused by its protein interactors and facilitate the design of therapeutic agents that target CaSR and other family C G-protein-coupled receptors.

关键词： calcium signaling calcium-sensing receptor G-protein-coupled receptors structure trafficking

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Colorful facial markings are associated with foraging rates and affiliative relationships in a wild group-living cichlid fish

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 70-78页

作者： Brett M.Culbert James B.Barnett Isaac Y.Ligocki Matthew G.Salena Marian Y.L.Wong Ian M.Hamilton Sigal Balshine Department of Integrative Biology University of GuelphGuelphOntarioCanada Department of Psychology Neuroscience&BehaviourMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada Department of Evolution Ecologyand Organismal BiologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of Biology Millersville UniversityMillersvillePAUSA School of Earth Atmospheric and Life SciencesUniversity of WollongongWollongongNew South WalesAustralia Department of Mathematics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA

Many animals use color to signal their quality and/or behavioral *** signals have been well studied in the contexts of competi-tion and mate choice;however,the role of these signals in nonsexual,affiliative relationships is not as well ***,we used wild social groups of the cichlid fish Neolamprologus pulcher to investigate whether the size of a brightly colored facial patch was related to 1)individual quality,2)social dominance,and/or 3)affiliative *** with larger patches spent more time foraging and tended to perform more aggressive acts against conspecific territory *** did not find any evidence that the size of these yellow patches was related to social rank or body size,but dominant males tended to have larger patches than dominant ***,patch size had a rank-specific relationship with the number of affiliative interactions that individuals engaged *** males with large patches received fewer affiliative acts from their groupmates compared to dominant males with small ***,subordinates with large patches tended to receive more affiliative acts from their groupmates while performing fewer affiliative acts *** together,our results suggest that patch size reflects interindividual variation in foraging effort in this cichlid fish and offer some of the first evidence that colorful signals may shape affiliative relationships withinwildsocialgroups.

关键词： affiliation foraging Lake Tanganyika Neolamprologus pulcher visual signals

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High-speed impulsive stimulated Brillouin microscopy

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Photonics Research 2024年第4期12卷 730-739页

作者： JIARUI LI TAORAN LE HONGYUAN ZHANG HAOYUN WEI YAN LI state Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments Department of Precision InstrumentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Cole Eye Institute Cleveland ClinicClevelandOhio 44195USA

Brillouin microscopy, which maps the elastic modulus from the frequency shift of scattered light, has evolved to a faster speed for the investigation of rapid biomechanical changes. Impulsive stimulated Brillouin scattering (ISBS)spectroscopy has the potential to speed up measurement through the resonant amplification interaction from pulsed excitation and time-domain continuous detection. However, significant progress has not been achieved due to the limitation in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the corresponding need for excessive averaging to maintain high spectral precision. Moreover, the limited spatial resolution also hinders its application in mechanical imaging. Here, by scrutinizing the SNR model, we design a high-speed ISBS microscope through multi-parameter optimization including phase, reference power, and acquisition time. Leveraging this, with the further assistance of the Matrix Pencil method for data processing, three-dimensional mechanical images are mapped under multiple contrast mechanisms for a millimeter-scale polydimethylsiloxane pattern immersed in methanol, enabling the identification of these two transparent materials without any contact or labeling. Our experimental results demonstrate the capability to maintain high spectral precision and resolution at a sub-millisecond integration time for one pixel. With a two-order improvement in the speed and a tenfold improvement in the spatial resolution over the state-of-the-art systems, this method makes it possible for ISBS microscopes to sensitively investigate rapid mechanical changes in time and space.

关键词： Brillouin maintain methanol

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PAL-BERT:An Improved Question Answering Model

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第6期139卷 2729-2745页

作者： Wenfeng Zheng Siyu Lu Zhuohang Cai Ruiyang Wang Lei Wang Lirong Yin School of Automation University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610054China Department of Geography and Anthropology Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA70803USA

In the field of natural language processing(NLP),there have been various pre-training language models in recent years,with question answering systems gaining significant ***,as algorithms,data,and computing power advance,the issue of increasingly larger models and a growing number of parameters has ***,model training has become more costly and less *** enhance the efficiency and accuracy of the training process while reducing themodel volume,this paper proposes a first-order pruningmodel PAL-BERT based on the ALBERT model according to the characteristics of question-answering(QA)system and language ***,a first-order network pruning method based on the ALBERT model is designed,and the PAL-BERT model is ***,the parameter optimization strategy of the PAL-BERT model is formulated,and the Mish function was used as an activation function instead of ReLU to improve the ***,after comparison experiments with traditional deep learning models TextCNN and BiLSTM,it is confirmed that PALBERT is a pruning model compression method that can significantly reduce training time and optimize training *** with traditional models,PAL-BERT significantly improves the NLP task’s performance.

关键词： PAL-BERT question answering model pretraining language models ALBERT pruning model network pruning TextCNN BiLSTM

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A critical review on solid-state welding of high entropy alloys-processing,microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of joints

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第4期34卷 78-133页

作者： Tushar Sonar Mikhail Ivanov Evgeny Trofimov Aleksandr Tingaev Ilsiya Suleymanova Department of Welding Engineering Institution of Engineering and TechnologySouth Ural State University(National Research University)Chelyabinsk454080Russia Department of Materials Science Physical and Chemical Properties of MaterialsInstitution of Engineering and TechnologySouth Ural State University(National Research University)Chelyabinsk454080Russia

The high entropy alloys(HEAs)are the newly developed high-performance materials that have gained significant importance in defence,nuclear and aerospace sector due to their superior mechanical properties,heat resistance,high temperature strength and corrosion *** alloys are manufactured by the equal mixing or larger proportions of five or more alloying *** exhibit superior mechanical performance compared to traditional engineering alloys because of the extensive alloying composition and higher entropy of *** state welding(SSW)techniques such as friction stir welding(FSW),rotary friction welding(RFW),diffusion bonding(DB)and explosive welding(EW)have been efficiently deployed for improving the microstructural integrity and mechanical properties of welded HEA *** HEA interlayers revealed greater potential in supressing the formation of deleterious intermetallic phases and maximizing the mechanical properties of HEAs *** similar and dissimilar joining of HEAs has been manifested to be viable for HEA systems which further expands their industrial ***,the main objective of this review paper is to present a critical review of current state of research,challenges and opportunities and main directions in SSW of HEAs mainly CoCrFeNiMn and Al_xCoCrFeNi *** state of the art of problems,progress and future outlook in SSW of HEAs are critically reviewed by considering the formation of phases,microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of HEAs joints.

关键词： High entropy alloys Solid state welding Microstructure Mechanical properties

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Comprehensive review of hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus:state of art and future perspectives

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 221-227页

作者： Paschalis Gavriilidis Timothy M Pawlik Daniel Azoulay Department of Surgery Colchester General HospitalTurner RoadColchester CO45JLUK Department of Surgery The Ohio State Wexner Medical CenterJames Comprehensive Cancer CenterColumbusOHUSA Department of Hepato-Biliary and Liver Transplantation surgery Paul Brousse University HospitalParis-Saclay UniversityVillejuif 94800France

Background:Despite advances in the diagnosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),70%-80%of patients are diagnosed with advanced stage *** vein tumor thrombus(PVTT)is among the most ominous signs of advanced stage disease and has been associated with poor survival if *** sources:A systematic search of MEDLINE(PubMed),Embase,Cochrane Library and Database for Systematic Reviews(CDSR),Google Scholar,and National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence(NICE)databases until December 2022 was conducted using free text and MeSH terms:hepatocellular carcinoma,portal vein tumor thrombus,portal vein thrombosis,vascular invasion,liver and/or hepatic resection,liver transplantation,and systematic ***:Centers of surgical excellence have reported promising results related to the individualized surgical management of portal thrombus versus arterial chemoembolization or systemic *** elements to the individualized surgical management of HCC and portal thrombus include precise classification of the portal vein tumor thrombus,accurate identification of the subgroups of patients who may benefit from resection,as well as meticulous surgical *** review addressed five specific areas:(a)formation of PVTT;(b)classifications of PVTT;(c)controversies related to clinical guidelines;(d)surgical treatments versus non-surgical approaches;and(e)characterization of surgical techniques correlated with classifications of ***:Current evidence from Chinese and Japanese high-volume centers demonstrated that patients with HCC and associated PVTT can be managed with surgical resection with acceptable results.

关键词： Hepatectomy Liver surgery Liver neoplasms Portal vein tumor thrombus

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Applying Earth Observation Technologies to Economic Consequence Modeling:A Case Study of COVID‑19 in Los Angeles County,California

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第1期15卷 18-31页

作者： Fynnwin Prager Marina T.Mendoza Charles K.Huyck Adam Rose Paul Amyx Gregory Yetman Kristy F.Tiampo California state university Dominguez HillsCarsonCA 90747USA ImageCat Inc.Long BeachCA 90802USA university of Southern California Los AngelesCA 90015USA CIESIN–Center for International Earth Science Information Network Columbia UniversityPalisadesNY 10964USA Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences(CIRES) University of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80309USA

Earth observation(EO) technologies,such as very high-resolution optical satellite data available from Maxar,can enhance economic consequence modeling of disasters by capturing the fine-grained and real-time behavioral responses of businesses and the *** investigated this unique approach to economic consequence modeling to determine whether crowd-sourced interpretations of EO data can be used to illuminate key economic behavioral responses that could be used for computable general equilibrium modeling of supply chain repercussions and resilience *** applied our methodology to the COVID-19 pandemic experience in Los Angeles County,California as a case *** also proposed a dynamic adjustment approach to account for the changing character of EO through longer-term disasters in the economic modeling *** found that despite limitations,EO data can increase sectoral and temporal resolution,which leads to significant differences from other data sources in terms of direct and total impact *** findings from this analytical approach have important implications for economic consequence modeling of disasters,as well as providing useful information to policymakers and emergency managers,whose goal is to reduce disaster costs and to improve economic resilience.

关键词： Computable general equilibrium models COVID-19 Disaster economic impacts Earth observation Economic consequence analysis Los Angeles County

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Steady-state Voltage Security-constrained Optimal Frequency Control for Weak HVDC Sending-end AC Power Systems

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第2期12卷 658-669页

作者： Qiangqiang Wang Liangzhong Yao Jian Xu Yuping Zheng Wei Li Wei Wang School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Hubei Engineering and Technology Research Center for AC/DC Intelligent Distribution Network(Wuhan university) Wuhan 430072China state Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Control NARI Group Corporation(State Grid Electric Power Research Institute)Nanjing 211106China

Due to the fact that a high share of renewable energy sources(RESs)are connected to high-voltage direct current(HVDC)sending-end AC power systems,the voltage and frequency regulation capabilities of HVDC sending-end AC power systems have *** has resulted in potential system operating problems such as overvoltage and overfrequency,which occur simultaneously when block faults exist in the HVDC *** this study,a steady-state voltage security-constrained optimal frequency control method for weak HVDC sending-end AC power systems is *** integrated virtual inertia control of RESs is employed for system frequency *** dynamic reactive power compensation devices are utilized to control the voltage of all nodes meet voltage security ***,an optimization model that simultaneously considers the frequency and steady-state voltage security constraints for weak HVDC sending-end AC power systems is *** optimal control scheme with the minimum total cost of generation tripping and additional dynamic reactive power compensation required is obtained through the optimization *** are conducted on a modified IEEE 9-bus test system and practical Qing-Yu line commutated converter based HVDC(LCC-HVDC)sending-end AC power system to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Renewable energy source(RES) high-voltage direct current(HVDC) AC power system optimal frequency control steady-state voltage security dynamic reactive power compensation

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