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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 778-785页

作者： Lvzhang Jiang Lingbo Yao Gege Wang Chang Liu Xiaowei Chi Yu Liu Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese academy of sciences

Aqueous Zn-ion batteries have attracted much attention due to their unique high safety and low-cost ***,their practical applications are at a slow pace due to their short cycle life,which fundamentally results from the instability of the positive/negative electrode interface in the traditional dilute aqueous electrolytes with high water *** highly concentrated electrolyte（HCE）has been considered as an effective *** previous studies of single salt-based HCE（SSHCE）,herein,a new dual-salt HCE（15 m ZnCl2+10 m NH4NH2SO3DS-HCE） was proposed for the first ***-HCE was proven to simultaneously possess higher conductivity than traditional dilute electrolytes and ultralow water activity of SS-HCE by the regulation of dual high-concentration salts on the solvation structure,which renders the Zn‖Zn symmetric cell the record-long cycling life of 2200 h compared with those with SS-HCE（30 m ZnCl2,300 h） and other reported ***,the Zn‖NH4V4O10full cell with DS-HCE demonstrated impressed rate capability within a wide-range current densities from 0.1 to 10 A ***,at the high current density of 5 A g-1,the full cell shows almost100% capacity retention after 4000 cycles,which indicates the promising future of the DS-HCE system for long-duration aqueous Zn-ion batteries.

关键词： Ammonium vanadate Aqueous zinc battery Cycling stability Electrolyte

Event-Triggered Robust Parallel Optimal Consensus Control for Multiagent Systems

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第1期12卷 40-53页

作者： Qinglai Wei Shanshan Jiao Qi Dong Fei-Yue Wang IEEE the Institute of Systems Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology the State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences the School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China academy of Electronics and Information technology the State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems the School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

This paper highlights the utilization of parallel control and adaptive dynamic programming(ADP) for event-triggered robust parallel optimal consensus control(ETRPOC) of uncertain nonlinear continuous-time multiagent systems(MASs).First, the parallel control system, which consists of a virtual control variable and a specific auxiliary variable obtained from the coupled Hamiltonian, allows general systems to be transformed into affine systems. Of interest is the fact that the parallel control technique's introduction provides an unprecedented perspective on eliminating the negative effects of disturbance. Then, an eventtriggered mechanism is adopted to save communication resources while ensuring the system's stability. The coupled HamiltonJacobi(HJ) equation's solution is approximated using a critic neural network(NN), whose weights are updated in response to events. Furthermore, theoretical analysis reveals that the weight estimation error is uniformly ultimately bounded(UUB). Finally,numerical simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed ETRPOC method.

关键词： Adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) critic neural network (NN) event-triggered control optimal consensus control robust control

Highly conductive and stable iodine doped argyrodite electrolyte for all-solid-state lithium batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 50-58页

作者： Gaozhan Liu Jing Zhang Jing Yang Jinghui Chen Xingyue Xiao Xiayin Yao Ningbo Institute of Materials technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201ZhejiangChina Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Lithium argyrodites with high ionic conductivity and low cost are considered as one of the most prospective solid electrolytes for all-solid-state lithium ***,the poor chemical stability and compatibility with lithium metal limit their ***,Li_(5.4)PS_(4.4)Cl1.4I0.2solid electrolyte with high ionic conductivity of 11.49 m S ccm^(-1)and improved chemical stability is synthesized by iodine *** ultra-thin Li_(5.4)PS_(4.4)Cl_(1.4)I_(0.2)membrane with thickness of 10μm can be obtained by wet coating process,exhibiting a high ionic conductivity of 2.09 mS ccm^(-1)and low areal resistance of 1.17Ωcm^(-2).Moreover,iodine doping could in-situ form Lii at the lithium/electrolyte interface and improve the critical current density of Li_(5.4)PS_(4.4)Cl_(1.6)from 0.8 to 1.35 mA cm^(-2).The resultant LiCoO_(2)/Li_(5.4)PS_(4.4)Cl_(1.4)I_(0.2)/Li battery shows excellent cycling stability at 1 C,with a reversible specific capacity of 110.1 mA h g^(-1)and a retention of 80.5% after 1000 *** addition,the assembled LiCoO_(2)/Li_(5.4)PS_(4.4)Cl_(1.4)I_(0.2)membrane/Li pouch cell delivers an initial discharge capacity of 110.4 mA h g^(-1)and 80.5% capacity retention after 100 cycles.

关键词： Argyrodite electrolytes lodine doping lonic conductivity Stability All-solid-state lithium battery

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A monolithic 3D IGZO-RRAM-SRAM-integrated architecture for robust and efficient compute-in-memory enabling equivalent-ideal device metrics

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Science China(Information sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 322-337页

作者： Shengzhe YAN Zhaori CONG Zi WANG Zhuoyu DAI Zeyu GUO Zhihang QIAN Xufan LI Xu ZHENG Chuanke CHEN Nianduan LU Chunmeng DOU Guanhua YANG Xiaoxin XU Di GENG Jinshan YUE Lingfei WANG Ling LI Ming LIU Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese academy of sciences University of Chinese academy of sciences

Compute-in-memory(CIM) based on various devices such as static random access memory(SRAM) and resistive random access memory(RRAM) and other emerging devices such as indium-gallium-zinc-oxide(IGZO) transistor, magnetoresistive RAM(MRAM), and ferroelectric RAM(FeRAM) has been explored for better performance and energy efficiency on neural networks applications. However, CIM based on a single-type device suffers a variety of non-ideal metrics to reach the simultaneous optimal accuracy, density, and energy efficiency. This work presents equivalent-ideal CIM(Eq-CIM), a monolithic 3D(M3D) IGZO-RRAM-SRAM integrated architecture for robust and efficient compute-in-memory enabling equivalent-ideal device metrics. To overcome the non-ideality(variation, endurance, temperature, etc.) of the single-type devices, system-technology co-optimization(STCO) is performed. This work highlights the non-ideality-aware functionality breakdown for robust high accuracy and simultaneous high density/efficiency, by utilizing 2T0C IGZO for temporal activation storage, RRAM for high-density weight storage, and SRAM for accurate CIM. Device-to-algorithm variation transfer is applied to analyze the system-level accuracy. We benchmark Eq-CIM architecture on CIFAR-10/ImageNet, with 5.06× storage density and 5.05×/2.45× area/energy efficiency compared with single-type-device-based CIM, and high robustness(<0.27% accuracy loss) from-40℃ to 120℃.

关键词： compute-in-memory (CIM) monolithic 3D RRAM IGZO 3D-stack simulation

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Underground laboratories·Deep underground observation·Scientific questions——Insights from observations of multi-physic fields in deep underground labs

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Science China Earth sciences 2025年第2期68卷 343-362页

作者： Huiqi REN Yun WANG Chang CHEN Guangyu FU Longqing QIU Lianghui GUO Chengliang XIE Yongsheng HE Heping SUN Jiwen TENG Institute of Defense Engineering Academy of Military SciencesBeijing 100850China State Kay Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources Key Laboratory of Intraplate Volcanoes and EarthquakesMinistry of EducationChina University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050China Innovation academy for Precision Measurement Science and technology Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430077China Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

This paper presents a comprehensive review on recent development and research conducted in domestic and international underground laboratories. We first introduce the differences in three environments—surface, mountain tunnel cavities and underground coal mine tunnels—by examining cosmic ray background, ambient noises related to gravity and seismic measurement, and electromagnetic noises in magnetic and magnetotelluric measurements. We highlight potential misuse of the term Underground Lab or Deep Underground Lab when describing observations in different physical fields. We introduce unique features of underground coal mine tunnels in China, such as large spaces, ultra-quiet conditions, and ultra-clean environments. When comparing with mountain tunnel cavities and borehole observations, coal mine tunnel observations have superior long-term stability and high precision. Through observations and comparisons of multi-physic fields at surface and the deep underground, we find that the higher SNR seismic observations conducted in deep underground tunnels in coal mines are beneficial to improve velocity tomography of the solid earth. The gravity observation with a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device(SQUID) makes it possibly to capture slow earthquake, which has not been observed previously in the Chinese mainland. SQUID magnetic observations can detect fluctuations as weak as femto-Tesla(fT), enabling us to explore the attenuation of Schumann Resonance down to the solid Earth. This opens opportunities to investigate the connections between the Earth's magnetic field and the interactions within the human brain and heart. To improve the precision of quantum measurement,we should consider the possible effects of weak magnetic disturbances in deep underground environments. Finally, we discuss the importance of deep underground laboratories, observing facilities and techniques deployed in these laboratories, and their possible connection with respect to “deep space” an

关键词： Deep underground Multi-physic fields Super-high precision Slow earthquake Schumann Resonance Quantum measurement

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Dynamic performance enhancement in Ti/Au ohmic contacts on β-Ga2O3-on-Si C substrates: evidence from pulsed measurements

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Science China(Information sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 400-401页

作者： Chenyu LIU Yibo WANG Wenhui XU Shuqi HUANG Chunxiao YU Zeyu YANG Xiaole JIA Xiaoxi LI Bochang LI Zhengdong LUO Cizhe FANG Yan LIU Tiangui YOU Xin OU Genquan HAN School of Microelectronics Xidian University Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou Institute of technology Xidian University

Titanium/Gold （Ti/Au） metals have been widely employed as ohmic metal contacts on n+Ga2O3,exhibiting the specific contact resistance （ρc） of 10-5-10-6Ω·cm2[1].But previous studies have revealed the presence of a defective Ga2O3layer and reactive Ti-Ga2O3layer at the annealed Ti/*** an interfacial layer can afect the performance of ohmic contact,which may become more pronounced in power devices subjected to electrical stress and high-frequency ***,there have been no reports on the impact of bias stress effects and dynamic degradation of Ti/Au ohmic contacts on n+Ga2O3.

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Study on the One-year Accuracy of Pulsar Time-scale

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2025年第1期25卷 282-296页

作者： Linlin Wang Zhehao Zhang Chengshi Zhao Zongke Li Minglei Tong National Time Service Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Time Reference and Applications Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese academy of sciences

Determining accurate pulsar timing model parameters is essential for establishing TT(PT), a realization of Terrestrial Time (TT) based on a pulsar timescale (PT). This study discusses the impact of different data spans on the accuracy of pulsar timing model parameters when determining pulsar timing model parameters. Using observations of PSR J0437-4715, J1909-3744, J1713+0747, and J1744-1134 from the second data release of the International Pulsar Timing Array (IPTA ii, Version A), we compare the accuracy of the timing model parameters determined by these observations with different data spans. The results show for PSR J0437-4715, J1713+0747,and J1909-3744, the amplitude fluctuations of rotational frequency remain within 10-15, 10-14, and 10-14Hz,respectively, when the data spans for determining pulsar timing model parameters exceed 13, 14, and 6 ***, the one-year accuracy of TT(PT) is crucial for its application in timekeeping. By comparing the frequency deviations of TT(PT) relative to TT(BIPM) under both ideal (kr) and actual (kp) conditions across different data spans, we find that when the data span reaches the duration above, the accuracy of TT(PT) surpasses that of TT(TAI) under ideal conditions, slightly inferior under actual conditions. This suggests with improved observational technologies, the accuracy of TT(PT) can be further enhanced.

关键词： (stars:) pulsars: individual (PSRs J1909-3744, J1713+0747, J0437-4715, J1744-1134) methods: data analysis time

Catalytic production of high-energy-density spiro polycyclic jet fuel with biomass derivatives

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 760-768页

作者： Wen-Jing Zhang Yan-Cheng Hu Yan-Hong Tan Jia Li Ning Li Jing-Pei Cao School of Chemical Engineering and technology China University of Mining and Technology CAS Key Laboratory of Science and technology on Applied Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

High-energy-density（HED） fuel（*** used JP-10 and RJ-4）,featuring compact 3D polycyclic structure with high strain,is of critical importance for volume-limited military aircraft,since their high density and combustion heat can provide more propulsion *** reduce the reliance on petroleum source,it is highly desirable to develop renewable alternatives for the production of strained polycyclic HED fuel,but which remains a big challenge because of the inaccessibility caused by the high strain,We herein demonstrate a three-step catalytic route towards highly strained C17and C18spirofuel with biomass *** process includes catalytic aldol condensation of renewable cyclohexanone/cyclopentanone with benzaldehyde,catalytic spiro Diels-Alder（D-A） reaction of aldol adduct with isoprene,and catalytic *** key spiro D-A reaction is enabled by the catalysis of heterogeneous Lewis acidic ionic *** chloroaluminate IL,formed by benign urea and AICl3,exhibits good catalytic performance and reusability for this *** eventual hydrodeoxygenation（HDO）over Pd/C and H-Y produces strained tricyclic spirofuel with density>0.93 g/mL,combustion heat>41 MJ/L and freezing point <-40℃,which are better than the properties of tactical fuel ***,it is anticipated that the as-prepared renewable fuels have the potential to replace traditional petroleum-derived HED fuels.

关键词： Biomass derivatives Cycloaddition High-energy-density Lewis acidic ionic liquid Spiro polycyclic fuel

Applications of in-situ solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance in methanol to olefins reaction

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 134-151页

作者： Jing Niu Shutao Xu Yingxu Wei Zhongmin Liu National Engineering Research Center of Lower-Carbon Catalysis technology Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

The methanol-to-olefins(MTO)reaction offers an alternative pathway for the production of low-carbon olefins from non-oil *** research has been impeded by a lack of comprehensive understanding of its underlying mechanism,despite the significant progress made in ***-situ solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance(ss NMR)spectroscopy has emerged as a pivotal tool,offering crucial insights into key species under real-time operando ***,the host–guest interaction between zeolites or surface species residing on zeolites and the reactant/active intermediates is revealed by the combination of in-situ^(13)C MAS NMR and 2D correlation ***,recent technological advancements in hyperpolarization(HP)methods,including HP^(129)Xe NMR and dynamic nuclear polarization(DNP),have significantly improved the sensitivity of ssNMR,enabling detailed structural and kinetic analysis as well as the detection of trace *** this feature article,we summarized recent advancements in(in-situ)ssNMR spectroscopy applied to MTO reaction processes,encompassing mechanistic investigations at various stages and the intricate host–guest *** theoretical insights into the dynamic evolution of MTO reactions lay a solid foundation for the optimization of catalytic processes and the development of efficient catalysts,thereby advancing the techniques towards more sustainable and economical production route for olefins.

关键词： MTO zeolites in-situ ssNMR reactive intermediates reaction mechanism

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Predicting the efficiency of arsenic immobilization in soils by biochar using machine learning

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2025年第1期147卷 259-267页

作者： Jin-Man Cao Yu-Qian Liu Yan-Qing Liu Shu-Dan Xue Hai-Hong Xiong Chong-Lin Xu Qi Xu Gui-Lan Duan State Key Lab of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Henan Institute of Advanced technology Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

Arsenic(As)pollution in soils is a pervasive environmental *** immobilization offers a promising solution for addressing soil As *** efficiency of biochar in immobilizing As in soils primarily hinges on the characteristics of both the soil and the ***,the influence of a specific property on As immobilization varies among different studies,and the development and application of arsenic passivation materials based on biochar often rely on empirical *** enhance immobilization efficiency and reduce labor and time costs,a machine learning(ML)model was employed to predict As immobilization efficiency before biochar *** this study,we collected a dataset comprising 182 data points on As immobilization efficiency from 17 publications to construct three ML *** results demonstrated that the random forest(RF)model outperformed gradient boost regression tree and support vector regression models in predictive *** importance analysis and partial dependence plots based on the RF model were conducted to identify the most crucial factors influencing As *** findings highlighted the significant roles of biochar application time and biochar pH in As immobilization efficiency in ***,the study revealed that Fe-modified biochar exhibited a substantial improvement in As *** insights can facilitate targeted biochar property design and optimization of biochar application conditions to enhance As immobilization efficiency.

关键词： Biochar Arsenic immobilization Soil Machine learning