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Considerations for the use of porcine organ donation models in preclinical organ donor intervention research

Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第3期7卷 283-296页

作者： Frazer I.Heinis Shaheed Merani Nicholas W.Markin Kim F.Duncan Michael J.Moulton Lance Fristoe William E.Thorell Raechel A.Sherrick Tami R.Wells Matthew T.Andrews Marian Urban School of Natural Resources Institute of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesUniversity of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNebraskaUSA division of Transplantation and Vascular Surgery Department of SurgeryUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA Department of Anesthesiology University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA division of Cardiothoracic Surgery Department of SurgeryUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA Clinical Perfusion Nebraska Medicine-Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA Department of Neurosurgery University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA Nutrition and Health Sciences College of Education and Human SciencesUniversity of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNebraskaUSA Department of Comparative Medicine University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA

Use of animal models in preclinical transplant research is essential to the optimization of human allografts for clinical *** models of organ donation and preservation help to advance and improve technical elements of solid organ recovery and facilitate research of ischemia-reperfusion injury,organ preservation strategies,and future donor-based *** considerations include cost,public opinion regarding the conduct of animal research,translational value,and relevance of the animal model for clinical *** present an overview of two porcine models of organ donation:donation following brain death(DBD)and donation following circulatory death(DCD).The cardiovascular anatomy and physiology of pigs closely resembles those of humans,making this species the most appropriate for pre-clinical *** are also considered a potential source of organs for human heart and kidney *** is imperative to minimize animal loss during procedures that are surgically *** present our experience with these models and describe in detail the use cases,procedural approach,challenges,alternatives,and limitations of each model.

关键词： animal model brain death circulatory death organ transplantation

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Massive inferior wall aneurysm presenting with ventricular tachycardia and refractory cardiomyopathy requiring multiple interventions:A case report

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第6期16卷 363-369页

作者： Anderson Anuforo Jake Charlamb Dan Draytsel Mark Charlamb Department of Medicine SUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNY 13210United States College of Medicine Norton College of MedicineSUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNY 13210United States division of Cardiology SUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNY 13210United States

BACKGROUND Inferior wall left ventricular aneurysms are rare,they develop after transmural myocardial infarction(MI)and may be associated with poorer *** present a unique case of a large aneurysm of the inferior wall complicated by ventricular tachycardia(VT)and requiring surgical resection and mitral valve *** SUMMARY A 59-year-old male was admitted for VT one month after he had a delayed presentation for an inferior ST-segment elevation MI and was discovered to have a large true inferior wall aneurysm on echocardiography and confirmed on coronary computed tomography(CT)*** to the sustained VT,concern for aneurysm expansion,and persistent heart failure symptoms,the patient was referred for surgical resection of the aneurysm with patch repair,mitral valve replacement,and automated implantable cardioverter defibrillator insertion with significant improvement in functional and clinical *** Inferior wall aneurysms are rare and require close monitoring to identify electrical or contractile *** CT angiography can outline anatomic details and guide surgical intervention to ameliorate life-threatening complications and improve performance status.

关键词： Inferior wall aneurysm True aneurysm Ventricular tachycardia Electrophysiology Structural interventional cardiology Case report

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An Update on the Clinical Pipelines of New Antibacterial Drugs Developed in China

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Engineering 2024年第7期38卷 52-68页

作者： Xinyi Yang Congran Li Xiukun Wang Zhonghui Zheng Peiyi Sun Chunjie Xu Luni Chen Jiandong Jiang Staffan Normark Birgitta Henriques-Normark Xuefu You Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents/Laboratory of Pharmacology Institute of Medicinal BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050China division for Medicinal Microorganism-Related Strains CAMS Collection Center of Pathogenic MicroorganismsChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050China State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines Institute of Medicinal BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050China Shandong Xinhua Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.Zibo 255005China Department of Microbiology Tumor and Cell BiologyKarolinska InstitutetStockholm SE-17177Sweden State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050China Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050China Clinical Microbiology Karolinska University HospitalBioclinicumStockholm SE-17176Sweden

Antibacterial resistance is a global health threat that requires further concrete action on the part of all *** this context,one of the biggest concerns is whether enough new antibacterial drugs are being discovered and *** several high-quality reviews on clinical antibacterial drug pipelines from a global perspective were published recently,none provides comprehensive information on original antibacterial drugs at clinical stages in *** this review,we summarize the latest progress of novel antibacterial drugs approved for marketing and under clinical evaluation in China since *** was obtained by consulting official websites,searching commercial databases,retrieving literature,asking personnel from institutions or companies,and other means,and a considerable part of the data covered here has not been included in other *** of June 30,2023,a total of 20 antibacterial projects from 17 Chinese pharmaceutical companies or developers were identified and *** them,two new antibacterial drugs that belong to traditional antibiotic classes were approved by the National medical Products Administration(NMPA)in China in 2019 and 2021,respectively,and 18 antibacterial agents are in clinical development,with one under regulatory evaluation,five in phase-3,six in phase-2,and six in *** of the clinical candidates are new analogs or monocomponents of traditional antibacterial pharmacophore types,including two dual-acting hybrid antibiotics and a recombinant antibacterial ***,despite there being 17 antibacterial clinical candidates,our analysis indicates that there are still relatively few clinically differentiated antibacterial agents in stages of clinical development in ***,Chinese pharmaceutical companies and institutions will develop more innovative and clinically differentiated candidates with good market potential in the future research and development(R&D)of original antibacterial drugs.

关键词： Antimicrobial resistance New antibiotics Clinical pipelines WHO priority pathogens National Mega-Project for Innovative Drugs

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Inflammatory responses in esophageal mucosa before and after laparoscopic antireflux surgery

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第3期16卷 871-881页

作者： Pelin Ergun Sezgi Kipcak Nur Selvi Gunel Eser Yildirim Sozmen Serhat Bor Department of Otolaryngology Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53226United States division of Gastroenterology Ege UniversityFaculty of MedicineEge Reflux GroupIzmir 35100Turkiye Department of medical Biology Ege UniversityFaculty of MedicineIzmir 35100Turkiye Department of medical Biochemistry Ege UniversityFaculty of MedicineIzmir 35100Turkiye

BACKGROUND Currently,the primary treatment for gastroesophageal reflux is acid suppression with proton pump inhibitors,but they are not a cure,and some patients don’t respond well or refuse long-term ***,alternative therapies are needed to understand the disease and develop better *** anti-reflux surgery(LARS)can resolve symptoms of these patients and plays a significant role in evaluating esophageal healing after preventing harmful *** LARS improves typical gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in most patients,main-ly by reducing the exposure time to gastric contents in the ***-ration of the inflammatory response and a recovery response in the esophageal epithelium is expected following the cessation of the noxious *** To explore the role of inflammatory biomolecules in LARS and assess the time required for esophageal epithelial *** Of 22 patients with LARS(pre-and post/5.8±3.8 months after LARS)and 25 healthy controls(HCs)were *** subjects underwent 24-h multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH monitoring and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy,during which esophageal biopsy samples were collected using endoscopic *** molecules in esophageal biopsies were investigated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and multiplex-enzyme-linked immunosorbent *** Post-LARS samples showed significant increases in proinflammatory cytokines[interleukin(IL)-1β,interferon-γ,C-X-C chemokine ligand 2(CXCL2)],anti-inflammatory cytokines[CC chemokine ligand(CCL)11,CCL13,CCL17,CCL26,CCL1,CCL7,CCL8,CCL24,IL-4,IL-10],and homeostatic cytokines(CCL27,CCL20,CCL19,CCL23,C-CL25,CXCL12,migration inhibitory factor)compared to both HCs and pre-LARS ***17 and CCL21 levels were higher in pre-LARS than in HCs(P<0.05).The mRNA expression levels of AKT1,fibroblast growth factor 2,HRAS,and mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 were significantly decreased post-LARS vs pre-LARS.

关键词： Anti-reflux surgery Gastroesophageal reflux disease Cytokine Inflammatory response Esophagus

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Hydrogel loaded with bone marrow stromal cell-derived exosomes promotes bone regeneration by inhibiting inflammatory responses and angiogenesis

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第5期16卷 499-511页

作者： Shuai Zhang Chuan Lu Sheng Zheng Guang Hong division for International Collaborative and Innovative Dentistry Tohoku University Graduate School of DentistrySendai 980-8575MiyagiJapan School of Stomatology Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou 310053Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Bone healing is a complex process involving early inflammatory immune regu-lation,angiogenesis,osteogenic differentiation,and *** repair poses challenges for orthopedic surgeons,necessitating the search for efficient healing *** To investigate the underlying mechanism by which hydrogel-loaded exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)facilitate the process of fracture *** Hydrogels and loaded BMSC-derived exosome(BMSC-exo)gels were charac-terized to validate their *** vitro evaluations were conducted to assess the impact of hydrogels on various stages of the healing *** could recruit macrophages and inhibit inflammatory responses,enhance of human umbilical vein endothelial cell angiogenesis,and promote the osteogenic differen-tiation of primary cranial ***,the effect of hydrogel on fracture healing was confirmed using a mouse fracture *** The hydrogel effectively attenuated the inflammatory response during the initial repair stage and subsequently facilitated vascular migration,promoted the formation of large vessels,and enabled functional vascularization during bone *** effects were further validated in fracture *** We successfully fabricated a hydrogel loaded with BMSC-exo that modulates macrophage polarization and angiogenesis to influence bone regeneration.

关键词： Hydrogel Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells Macrophage polarization Angiogenesis Bone regeneration

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Microbiome subsets determine tumor prognosis and molecular characteristics of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma:a multi-center integrated analysis of microbiome,metabolome,and transcriptome data

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第2期18卷 399-402页

作者： Wenjin Chen Xiuwu Pan Wang Zhou Da Xu Jiaxin Chen Keqin Dong Weijie Chen Brian Rini Xingang Cui Department of Urology Xinhua HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200092China Department of Urology Third Affiliated Hospital of the Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai201805China division of Hematology Oncology Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTN37232USA

Dear editor,Patients with clear-cell renal cell carcinoma(ccRCC)potentially have a high recurrence rate of more than 40%[1].Patients receive radical or partial nephrectomy,sometimes assisted by targeted therapies or/and immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs),to improve overall survival(OS)[2].Large-cohort studies and large-scale human tissue sequencing have provided a series of molecular subtyping methods for precision medicine-based ccRCC risk stratification and therapeutic regimens,such as ClearCode34,the prognostic risk predictor[3],and seven subsets for ICI and angiogenesis blockade outcomes[4].However,these subtyping results are all based on human genomes without including the host microbiota,which may be non-negligible genome components.

关键词： editor negligible characteristics

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A comprehensive review of genetic causes of obesity

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第1期20卷 26-39页

作者： Marcio Jose Concepcion-Zavaleta Juan Eduardo Quiroz-Aldave Maria del Carmen Durand-Vasquez Elman Rolando Gamarra-Osorio Juan del Carmen Valencia de la Cruz Claudia Mercedes Barrueto-Callirgos Susan Luciana Puelles-Leon Elena de Jesus Alvarado-Leon Frans Leiva-Cabrera Francisca Elena Zavaleta-Gutierrez Luis Alberto Concepcion-Urteaga Jose Paz-Ibarra Universidad Cientifica del Sur Bolivar 2150 AvenuePueblo Libre15084LimaPeru division of Medicine Hospital de Apoyo ChepénChepenPeru division of Family Medicine Hospital de Apoyo ChepénChepenPeru division of Endocrinology Hospital Victor Lazarte EchegarayTrujilloPeru division of Pediatrics Hospital de Apoyo ChepenChepenPeru division of Internal Medicine Hospital de Apoyo ChepenChepenPeru division of Genetics Universidad Nacional de TrujilloTrujilloPeru division of Neonatology Hospital Belen de TrujilloTrujilloPeru division of Internal Medicine Universidad Nacional de TrujilloTrujilloPeru Department of Medicine School of MedicineUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLimaPeru

Background Obesity is a multifactorial chronic disease with a high,increasing worldwide *** causes account for 7%of the cases in children with extreme *** sources This narrative review was conducted by searching for papers published in the PubMed/MEDLINE,Embase and SciELO databases and included 161 *** search used the following search terms:"obesity","obesity and genetics","leptin","Prader-Willi syndrome",and"melanocortins".The types of studies included were systematic reviews,clinical trials,prospective cohort studies,cross-sectional and prospective studies,narrative reviews,and case *** The leptin-melanocortin pathway is primarily responsible for the regulation of appetite and body ***,several important aspects of the pathophysiology of obesity remain *** causes of obesity can be grouped into syndromic,monogenic,and polygenic causes and should be assessed in children with extreme obesity before the age of 5 years,hyperphagia,or a family history of extreme obesity.A microarray study,an analysis of the melanocortin type 4 receptor gene mutations and leptin levels should be performed for this *** are three therapeutic levels:lifestyle modifications,pharmacological treatment,and bariatric *** Genetic study technologies are in constant development;however,we are still far from having a personalized approach to genetic causes of obesity.A significant proportion of the affected individuals are associated with genetic causes;however,there are still barriers to its approach,as it continues to be underdiagnosed.

关键词： Leptin Melanocortin Obesity Prader-Willi syndrome Precision medicine

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Recent research in mechanical properties of geopolymer-based ultrahigh-performance concrete:A review

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 67-88页

作者： G.Murali division of Research&Innovation Uttaranchal UniversityDehradun 248007India

Due to the growing need for sustainable and ultra-high-strength construction materials,scientists have created an innovative ultra-high-performance concrete called Geopolymer based ultra-highperformance concrete(GUHPC).Besides,in the last few decades,there have been a lot of explosions and ballistic attacks around the world,which have killed many civilians and fighters in border *** this context,this article reviews the fresh state and mechanical properties of ***,the ingredients of GUHPC and fresh properties such as setting time and flowability are briefly ***,the review of compressive strength,flexure strength,tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of fibrous ***,the blast and projectile impact resistance performance was ***,the microstructural characteristics were reviewed using the scanning electron microscope and X-ray Powder *** review outcome reveals that the mechanical properties were increased when 30%silica fume was added to a higher dose of steel fibre to improve the microstructure of *** is hypothesized that the brittleness of GUHPC was mitigated by adding 1.5%steel fibre reinforcement,which played a role in the decrease of contact explosion cratering and *** the need for cement in GUHPC was a key factor in the review,indicating a promising potential for lowering carbon ***,GUHPC research is still in its early stages,so more study is required before its full potential can be utilized.

关键词： Mechanical properties Blast Projectile impact Fibre Geopolymer Silica fume Alkaline activators

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Downstaging strategies for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第20期30卷 2731-2733页

作者： Georgia Sofia Karachaliou Nikolaos Dimitrokallis Dimitrios P Moris division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNC 27710United States First Department of Surgery&Organ Transplant Unit Evangelismos General HospitalAthens 10676Greece Department of Surgery Duke University Medical CenterDurhamNC 27710United States

A significant number of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)are usually diagnosed in advanced stages,that leads to inability to achieve *** options are focusing on downstaging a locally advanced *** is wellsupported in the literature that patients with HCC who undergo successful conversion therapy followed by curative-intent surgery may achieve a significant survival benefit compared to those who receive chemotherapy alone or those who are successfully downstaged with conversion therapy but not treated with *** artery infusion chemotherapy can be a potential downstaging strategy,since recent studies have demonstrated excellent outcomes in patients with colorectal liver metastatic disease as well as primary liver malignancies.

关键词： Unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy Downstaging Hepatocellular carcinoma

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Effects of COVID-19 pandemic on human fertility:A scientometric and visualized evaluation

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 113-115页

作者： Xiangxiu Wang Yifan Rao Lili Tan Ziqiu Hu Lin Wen Weixi Qin Bingyi Li Keqiao He Tieying Yin Juhui Qiu Yuming Wang Yaokai Chen Xiancai Rao Guixue Wang Key Laboratory of Biorheological and Technology of the Ministry of Education State and Local Joint Engineering LaboratoryforVascular ImplantsModern LifeScience Experiment Teaching Center at Bioengineering College of Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400030China Department of Microbiology College of Basic Medical SciencesKey Laboratory of Microbial Engineering Under the Educational Committee in ChongqingArmy Medical University(Third Military Medical University)Chongqing 400038China Jinfeng Laboratory Chongqing 401329China division of Infectious Diseases Chongqing Public Health Medical CenterChongqing 400036China

CovID-19,also known as coronavirus disease 2019,is a novel coronavirus disease with high infectivity,strong heterogeneity,and long incubation period(generally 3-14 days).Its main symptoms and signs include fever,dry cough,nasal congestion,fatigue,disorientation,lymphopenia,and *** short-term and long-term impacts of covID-19 on human health,particularly its effects on human reproduction and offspring development,continue to receive significant concerns,as they may lead to potential sequelae for several decades or even centuries.

关键词： nasal fertility fever

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