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Observation of Pt-{100}-p(2×2)-O reconstruction by an environmental TEM

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2016年第3期26卷 308-311页

作者： Hengbo Li Wentao Yuan Ying Jiang Zhengfei Zhang Ze Zhang Yong Wang centre of electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University

The surface structure of noble metal nanoparticles usually plays a crucial role during the catalytic process in the fields of energy and environment. It has been studied extensively by surface analytic methods, such as scanning tunneling microscopy. However, it is still challenging to secure a direct observation of the structural evolution of surfaces of nanocatalysts in reaction(gas and heating) conditions at the atomic scale. Here we report an in-situ observation of atomic reconstruction on Pt {100} surfaces exposed to oxygen in an environmental transmission electron microscope(TEM). Our high-resolution TEM images revealed that Pt-{100}-p(2×2)-O reconstruction occurs during the reaction between oxygen atoms and{100} facets. A reconstruction model was proposed, and TEM images simulated according to this model with different defocus values match the experimental results well.

关键词： Pt nanoparticles Surface reconstruction In Situ TEM Environmental transmission electron microscopy(ETEM)

;he regulation of TGF-β/SMAD signaling by protein deubiquitination

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Protein & Cell 2014年第7期5卷 503-517页

作者： Juan Zhang Xiaofei Zhang Feng Xie Zhengkui Zhang Hans van Dam Long Zhang Fangfang Zhou Life Sciences Institute Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China Department of Molecular Cell biology Cancer Genomics Centre Netherlands and Centre of Biomedical Genetics Leiden University Medical Center Postbus 9600 2300 RC Leiden The Netherlands

Transforming growth factor-β （TGF-β） members are key cytokines that control embryogenesis and tissue homeostasis via transmembrane TGF-β type II （TβR II） and type I （TβRI） and serine/threonine kinases receptors. Aberrant activation of TGF-β signaling leads to diseases, including cancer. In advanced cancer, the TGF-β/SMAD pathway can act as an oncogenic factor driving tumor cell invasion and metastasis, and thus is considered to be a therapeutic target. The activity of TGF-β/SMAD pathway is known to be regulated by ubiquitination at multiple levels. As ubiquitination is reversible, emerging studies have uncovered key roles for ubiquitin-removals on TGF-β signaling components by deubiquitinating enzymes （DUBs）. In this paper, we summarize the latest findings on the DUBs that control the activity of the TGF-β signaling pathway. The regula- tory roles of these DUBs as a driving force for cancer progression as well as their underlying working mech- anisms are also discussed.

关键词： TGF-β TβRI SMAD DUB ubiquitin deubiquitination

Assessment of co-segregated TLR4 genotypes among Nigerian children with asymptomatic and clinical malaria

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第2期7卷 96-102页

作者： Bamidele Abiodun Iwalokun Senapon Olusola Iwalokun Bernice Enobong Udoh Modinat Balogun Molecular biology and Biotechnology Division Nigerian Institute of Medical ResearchLagosNigeria Olorunda Primary Health centre LagosNigeria Department of medical Microbiology and Parasitology Olabisi Onabanjo UniversityOgun StateNigeria Iru Primary Health centre LagosNigeria

Objective: To assess the occurrence and pattern of Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4) cosegregated genotypes among children with Plasmodium falciparum malaria in ***: In this case-control study, a total of 79 Plasmodium falciparum infected children aged 2–7 years and 105 age-matched uninfected controls of Yoruba descents in Lagos were studied. The extracted DNA samples were used for TLR4 genotyping at codons 299(Asp > Gly) and 399(Thr > Ile) by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Malaria infection was diagnosed by blood smear microscopy and infected children were stratified into asymptomatic, uncomplicated and severe malaria *** was determined by measuring the mid upper arm circumference and anemia was defined as hemoglobin 0.05) in frequency between infected and non-infected children. However, low and high occurrences of the TLR4 Asp299Asp/Thr399 Thr and Asp299Gly/Thr399 Thr genotypes were observed in the severe malaria ***: This study reveals a protective role for TLR4 Asp299Gly/Thr399 Ile and Asp299Asp/Thr399 Thr genotypes against severe malaria in Nigerian children.

关键词： TLR4 polymorphism TLR4 co-segregated genotypes Asymptomatic malaria Clinical malaria Nigeria

Effect of BRCA2 Mutation on Familial Breast Cancer Survival:A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(medical Sciences) 2015年第5期35卷 629-634页

作者：邵军杨洁王俊耐乔龙范威高庆蕾冯尧军 Department of Breast Cancer Hubei Cancer Hospital Cancer biology Research centre Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology

Reports of BRCA2 genetic mutations on the prognosis of familial breast cancer（BC） patients have been contradictory. True difference in survival,if it exists,would have important implications for genetic counseling and in treatment of hereditary BC. The purpose of this study was to compare overall survival rate（OSR） among BRCA2 mutation carriers,non-carriers and sporadic BC patients. We searched the PUBMED and EMBASE databases and retrieved 4529 articles using keywords that included breast cancer,BRCA,prognosis and survival. Nine articles were selected for systematic review and among them 6 were included in our meta-analysis. We used the fixed and random effect models to calculate the summary odds ratio（OR） and corresponding 95% confidence interval（CI）. BRCA2 mutation carriers had significantly higher long-term OSR than non-carriers（OR=0.69 [95% CI=0.5–0.95]）,while both short-term and long-term OSR of BRCA2 mutation carriers did not differ from those of patients with sporadic disease（OR=1.11 [95% CI=0.74–1.65]; 0.85 [95% CI=0.38–1.94],respectively）. For BC-specific survival rate（BCSSR）,BRCA2 mutation carriers had a similar BCSSR to the non-carriers（OR=0.61 [95% CI=0.28–1.34]）. There was no significant difference in disease-free survival（DFS） between BRCA2 mutation carriers and patients with sporadic disease. Our results suggest that BRCA2 mutation increases long-term OSR in hereditary BC,which reminds us a new prospect of management of the disease.

关键词： BRCA sporadic mutation familial confidence Mutation prognosis hereditary EMBASE histological

CD36 promotes tubular ferroptosis by regulating the ubiquitination of FSP1 in acute kidney injury

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 449-463页

作者： Yixin Ma Lili Huang Zheng Zhang Pengfei Yang Qingsong Chen Xujia Zeng Fangyan Tan Chunxia Wang Xiongzhong Ruan Xiaohui Liao Department of Nephrology The Second Affiliated HospitalChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400010China Department of Cell biology and Genetics Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China centre for Nephrology Royal Free and University College Medical SchoolUniversity College LondonRoyal Free CampusRowland Hill StreetLondon NW32PFUnited Kingdom centre for Lipid Research Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious DiseasesMinistry of EducationChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Kuanren Laboratory of Translational Lipidology Centre for Lipid ResearchSecond Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400010China

Reactive oxidative species(ROos)production-driven ferroptosis plays a role in acute kidney injury(Akl).However,its exact molecular mechanism is poorly *** receptor CD36 has important roles in oxidizing lipids,lipid accumulation,metabolic syndrome,and insulin resistance in chronic kidney disease,but its roles remain unexplored in *** present study investigated the role and mechanism of CD36 in regulating proximal tubular cell ferroptosis and *** expression of CD36 was found to be significantly up-regulated in AKI renal tissues and correlated with renal function,which might serve as an independent biomarker for AKl ***,in adult mice subjected to AKl,deletion of CD36(CD36-/-)induced tubular cell Ros accumulation,ferroptosis activation,and renal ***,combining LC-MS/MS,co-IP,and ubiquitination analyses revealed that CD36 could specifically bind to ferroptosis suppressor protein 1(FSP1)and regulate its ubiquitination at sites K16 and K24,leading to FSP1 degradation and progression of ferroptosis in *** present results emphasize a novel mechanism of CD36 in cisplatin-induced *** discovery of the special CD36 roles in promoting ferroptosis and AKI development by regulating the ubiquitination of FSP1 in proximal tubular cells may be potential therapeutic targets for ***,CD36 may play a key role in the progression of ***,targeting CD36 may provide a promising treatment option for AKI.

关键词： Acute kidney injury CD36 Ferroptosis FSP1 Ubiquitin-dependent degradation

Epigenetic regulation of genes during development: A conserved themefrom flies to mammals

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2008年第7期35卷 413-429页

作者： Dasari Vasanthi Rakesh K Mishra centre for Cellular and Molecular biology Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Uppal Road Hyderabad 500007 India

Eukaryotic genome is organized in form of chromatin within the nucleus. This organization is important for compaction of DNA as well as for the proper expression of the genes. During early embryonic development, genomic packaging receives variety of signals to eventually set up cell type specific expression patterns of genes. This process of regulated chromatinization leads to ＂cell type specific epigenomes＂. The expression states attained during differentiation process need to be maintained subsequently throughout the life of the organism. Epigenetic modifications are responsible for chromatin dependent regulatory mechanism and play a key role in maintenance of the expression state-a process referred to as cellular memory. Another key feature in the packaging of the genome is formation of chromatin domains that are thought to be structural as well as functional units of the higher order chromatin organization. Boundary elements that function to define such domains set the limits of regulatory elements and that of epigenetic modifications. This connection of epigenetic modification, chromatin structure and genome organization has emerged from several studies. Hox genes are among the best studied in this context and have led to the significant understanding of the epigenetic regulation during development. Here we discuss the evolutionarily conserved features of epigenetic mechanisms emerged from studies on homeotic gene clusters.

关键词： epigenetic Hox cluster chromatin boundary Polycomb group tirthorax group cellular memory

Zonal distribution and population biology of Ilyoplax frater (Brachyura:Ocypodoidea:Dotillidae) in a coastal mudflat of Pakistan

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Current Zoology 2010年第2期56卷 244-251页

作者： Noor Us SAHER Naureen Aziz QURESHI centre of Excellence in Marine biology University of Karachi Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences

Zonal distribution and population biology of llyoplaxfrater were studied in a mangrove mudflat area of Pakistan. The crabs were collected from Korangi creek through transect and quadrat method from low tide level to high tide level. Two transects were delimited in a mangrove area of Korangi creek （24°79′N/67°20′E）. On each transect, three 0.25 m quadrats were sampled at three tidal levels on a monthly basis during low tide periods from March 2001 to February 2002. A total of 1124 crabs were obtained, of which 482 were males and 642 were females. Density of crabs varied between 0 and 90/m^2. The density and size distribution varied and showed significant differences from low to high tide level, and were positively correlated with the percent moisture, percent organic matter and sediment grain size. The carapace width （CW） ranged from 2.5 to 11.5 mm for male and 2.5 to 11.0 mm for female and was not significantly different. The overall sex ratio did not differ significantly from the expected 1：1 throughout the year in small crabs but was significantly different in adult crabs （Z2 = 49.73） with more male crabs, Size frequency distribution showed recruitment of juvenile crabs （〈 4 mm） nearly throughout the year except during June and July. Presence of ovigerous females in all months with seasonal peaks in September, October, December and May indicates seasonal continuous breeding. Weight of egg mass increases with weight of ovigerous females and show positive linear relationship. The estimated mean diameter of egg was 2.83±0.25μm, and the average number of eggs was 3065±902.

关键词： Ilyoplaxfrater Population biology Zonal distribution Sex ratio Fecundity Korangi creek Pakistan

Application of electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy and Energy Filtering Transmission electron Microscopy for Microchemical Studies in 2.25Cr-1Mo Steel

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2005年第3期21卷 361-366页

作者： P.Parameswaran Ilse Papst F.Hofer W.Grogger V.S.Raghunathan Materials Characterisation Group Research Institute for Electron MicroscopyResearch Institute for Electron MicroscopyResearch Institute for Electron MicroscopyMaterials Characterisation Group Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic ResearchKalpakkam 603 102IndiaTech.Univ.A-8010GrazAustriaTech.Univ.A-8010GrazAustriaTech.Univ.A-8010GrazAustriaIndira Gandhi Centre for Atomic ResearchKalpakkam 603 102India

electron enregy loss spectroscopy (EELS) and energy filtering transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM) investigation on 2.25Cr-lMo steel was carried out to understand the nature of evolution of secondary carbides. The filtered images obtained from two different ageing treatments indicate that the steel evolves to a more stable carbide namely M23C6 in comparison to M2C. Microchemical information was generated from EELS spectra. Suitable choice for estimating the microchemical state was discussed. To evaluate the behaviour of ageing an elemental ratio of Fe to Cr is employed.

关键词： Ferritic steels 2.25Cr-lMo steel EFTEM EELS Ageing

Natural product based novel small molecules with promising neurotrophic,neurogenic and anti-neuroinflammatory actions can be developed as stroke therapeutics

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第6期11卷 916-917页

作者： Priya Jhelum R.Gajendra Reddy Arvind Kumar Sumana Chakravarty Chemical biology CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical TechnologyHyderabadIndia CSIR-centre for Cellular and Molecular biology HyderabadIndia

Stroke is the world’s second leading cause of death and a major cause of adult *** the different kinds of stroke,ischemic stroke is the most widely prevalent type,causing high morbidity and mortality worldwide（Mosko... 详细信息

关键词： neurotrophic neurogenic disability deprivation neurological neurotrophin nutrients hippocampal mortality regeneration