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RECOVERY OF CADMIUM AND NICKEL FROM SCRAP Ni-Cd BATTERIES

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(english Letters) 2001年第4期14卷 303-312页

作者： J.X. Zhu1), B. Yu2), J.H. Li1) and Y.F. Nie1) 1) Department of environmental engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China 2) Institute of Nuclear Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China dept. of environ. eng. Tsinghua Univ. Beijing 100084 China

Several typical methods for the recovery of Ni-Cd batteries are described in detail. Based on the comparison between the hydrometallurgical process and the pyrometallurgical process, the latter is selected as the suit... 详细信息

关键词： Cadmium Nickel Recovery Scrap metal

COMPOSITE MODELING APPROACH AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY FOR SUBSURFACE TRANSPORT OF CONTAMINANTS FROM LAND-DISPOSAL SITES

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2003年第4期15卷 1-9页

作者： Wang Chao, Wang Pei-fang, Li Yong Department of environmental engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China dept. of environ. eng. Hohai Univ. Nanjing 210098 China

A composite modeling approach was presented for simulating thethree-dimensional (3-D) subsurface transport of dissolved contaminants with transformation *** approach was based on vertical infiltration and contaminant transport in the unsaturated zoneand 3-D groundwater flow and contaminant migration in the saturated zone. Moisture movement andgroundwater flow were considered to be steady, but contaminant transport was treated as continuousand transient. The transformed unsaturated zone and saturated zone transport equations were solvednumerically with different techniques. The model contains a 3-D solution to flow and transport inthe saturated zone, as well as two-dimensional solutions to vertical cross-sectional and arealscenarios. In order to verify the composite modeling, extensive experiments were conducted in twolarge-scale variable-slope soil tanks of 1200cm in length, 150cm in width and 150cm in height. Sandsoil was filled in the tank as the porous media. The solutions of KBr or NH_4C1 were introduced intoeach soil tank from 80 X 37cm^2 area sources located on the top of the porous medium. Results fromnumerical simulations were compared with the data from tests. Predicted results are in goodagreement with the experimental data.

关键词： composite modeling groundater flow finite element model experiment

EFFECT OF THE OPEN CRACK ON THE PULL-IN INSTABILITY OF AN ELECTROSTATICALLY ACTUATED MICRO-BEAM

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Acta mechanica Solida Sinica 2012年第6期25卷 627-637页

作者： Asadollah Motallebi Mohammad Fathalilou Ghader Rezazadeh mech. eng. dept. Islamic Azad University mech. eng. dept. Urmia University

In this paper, the effects of the open crack on the static and dynamic pull-in volt- ages of an electrostatically actuated fixed-fixed and cantilever micro-beam are investigated. By presenting a mathematical modeling, the governing static and dynamic equations are solved by SSLM and Galerkin-based Reduced Order Model, respectively. Then, each single-side open crack in the micro-beam is modeled by a massless rotational spring and the cracked mode shapes and corresponding natural frequencies are calculated by considering the boundary and patching con- ditions and using transfer matrix methods. Finally, the effects of the crack depth ratio, crack position and crack number on the pull-in voltage of the micro-beams are studied. It is shown that beside the residual stresses created in the machining process, the crack（s） can be initiated, growth and consequently change the pull-in voltage of the system by decreasing the natural frequencies. The results show that the crack position is effective beside the crack depth ratio in decreasing the pull-in voltage. Also it is shown that in the fixed-fixed micro-beam there are several points for the crack location in which, the pull-in voltage is extremum.

关键词： MEMS open crack electrostatic pull-in instability

An approach to the estimation of solute hydrogen-bond donor acidity

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1996年第9期41卷 732-735页

作者：冯流韩朔睽王连生 dept. of environ. Sci. and Eng. Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China

Hydrogen-bond donor acidity α~H, an important parameter for the linear solvation energyrelationship (LSER) theory, can be experimentally measured or estimated indirectly bysome methods. But it is time-consuming and difficult to measure this parameter. Inthis note, a new approach is presented to estimate it on the basis of the LSER theory.

关键词： sotvatochromic parameter partition coefficient linear solvation energy relationship.

Using theoretical solvatochromic parameters in prediction of acute toxicity of substituted aromatic compounds to aquatic organisms

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1996年第9期41卷 740-743页

作者：陈景文冯流赵元慧王连生 dept. of environ. Sci. and eng. Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China

The method of quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) is one of necessa-ry approaches in hazard assessment of organic compounds. As a well-established QSARequation that can be used to predict biological ... 详细信息

关键词： substituted aromatic compounds acute toxicity MNDO QSAR aquatic organisms.

Removal of Anionic Metal Ions from Wastewater by Hydroxide-type Adsorbents

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过程工程学报 2006年第3期6卷 357-362页

作者： Toyohisa Fujita Gjergj Dodbiba Jun Sadaki Atsushi Shibayama dept. Geosystem eng. Graduate School Eng.The University of TokyoTokyo 113-8654Japan dept. Material-Process. eng.&Appl. Chem. for environ. Faculty Eng.&Resources Sci.Akita Univ.Akita 010-8502Japan

Generally speaking,anionic metal concentrations in wastewater from industries and mineral processing plants are well above the allowed limits for effluent set by the Ministry of environment of Japan. Nowadays,the removal of anionic ions has been considered difficult and development of new process is desperately needed. In this paper,we report the development of three hydroxide-type adsorbents,illustrating their adsorption efficiency in removing As,Se,Mo and Sb ions from aqueous solutions. The main finding of this work was that the adsorption behavior was influenced very much by both the pH and the adsorbent concentration. Nevertheless,the newly developed hydroxide-type adsorbents were very effective in reducing the concentration of those anionic ions.

关键词： hydroxide-type adsorbent adsorption anionic metal ions removal wastewater

Dynamic Force Reduction and Heat Transfer Improvement for Horizontal Tubes in Large-Particle Gas-Fluidized Beds

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Journal of Thermal Science 2008年第1期17卷 77-83页

作者： Yusumi Nagahashi John R.Grace Kok-Seng Lim Yutaka Asako dept.mech.eng. Kochi National College of Technol.KochiJAPAN Professor dept.Chem.Biological eng. The University of British ColumbiaVancouverCANADA CSIRO Minerals VictoriaAUSTRALIA dept.mech.eng. Tokyo Metropolitan UniversityTokyoJAPAN

The effects of tube bank configuration on forces and heat transfer were investigated for both two-dimensional and three-dimensional gas fluidized beds. Effective dynamic forces and heat transfer coefficients were measured for several tube bank configurations, and it was found that the average forces are smaller than for a single tube. The heat transfer coefficient can be increased by providing sufficient space for particles to descend around both sides of the tube bank. The results provide useful guidelines for optimizing the configuration of tube banks to achieve high heat transfer coefficients while reducing tube erosion due to dynamic forces.

关键词： fluidized beds forces heat transfer tube arrangement sofid circulation

Effects of Plastic Deformation and Stresses on Dilatation duringthe Martensitic Transformation in a B-bearing Steel

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2001年第2期17卷 203-206页

作者： M. C.Somani and L.P.Karjalainen dept. of mechanical engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland M. Oldenburg and M.Eriksson dept. of mechanical engineering, Lulea University of Technology, Lulea, Sweden dept. of mech. eng. Univ. of Oulu Oulu Finland

To provide data for improved modelling of the behaviour of steel components in a simultaneous forming and quenching process, the effects of plastic deformation and stresses on dilatation during the martensitic transformation in a B-bearing steel were investigated. It was found that plastic deformation of austenite at high temperatures enhances ferrite formation significantly, and consequently, the dilatation decreases markedly even at a cooling rate of 280'C/s. The created ferritic-martensitic microstructure possesses clearly lower hardness and strength than the martensitic structure. Elastic stresses cause the preferred orientation in martensite to be formed so that diametric dilatation can increase by nearly 200% under axial compression.

关键词： Effects of Plastic Deformation and Stresses on Dilatation duringthe Martensitic Transformation in a B-bearing Steel

Topology Method for Analyses of 3-D Viscous Flow Structure in Transonic Turbomachinery

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Journal of Thermal Science 1997年第4期6卷 273-278页

作者： YanhuGuo BaoguoWang 等 dept.eng.mech. TsinghuaUniversityBeijing100084China dept.eng.mech. TsinghuaUniversityBeijing100084

A topology method is presented in this paper to reveal flow structure occurring inside turbomachinery,in which near wall now structure is revealed by using wall limiting streamlines and space flow feature is revealed by using space streamlines and cross-section streamlines. As an example, a computational three-dimensional viscous flow field inside a transonic turbine cascade is studied. Through the analysis,the form and evolution of vortex system and the whole process of separation occurring within this cascade are revealed. The application of topology method for analyze fiow structure inside turbomachinery is very important for understanding flow features and mechanism of flow loss even for improving the design of turbomachinery and increasing its efficiency.

关键词： transonic flow topological structure turbine cascade numerical simulation