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Distribution of licensed acupuncturists and educational institutions in the United States at the start of 2023,during the late stage of the COVID-19 pandemic

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Journal of Integrative medicine 2024年第4期22卷 379-384页

作者： Arthur Yin Fan De-guang He Anu Sangraula Sarah Faggert Alemi Amy Matecki American Traditional Chinese medicine Association mclean center for complementary and alternative medicine New England School of Acupuncture Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer center Cancer Prevention and Control Program Georgetown University Eastern Roots Wellness PLC Sutter Health Alta Bates Summit Medical Center

This study was conducted to identify the number and density of active licensed acupuncturists(LAcs), as well as the number of accredited schools in acupuncture and Oriental medicine(AOM), as of January 1,2023, in the United States(U.S.). The number of active LAcs as of January 1, 2023 was 34,524, potentially33,364 after removing license duplication in multiple states, among which the largest three states were California(with 7317 LAcs [21.19% of the total]), New York(5024 [14.55%]) and Florida(2644 [7.66%]).The total number of LAcs decreased by 8.87% from 2018, and fell short of our projected number of LAcs in 2023 by 9037, or 20.75%. The overall LAc density in the U.S.Dmeasured as the number of LAcs per 100,000 populationDwas 10.36, less than in 2018. There were 56 active, accredited AOM schools which offered a total of 147 programs(121 at the level necessary for licensing [entry-level], 12 for an advanced practicing degree [advanced-level], and 14 for certifications). Broken down further, offerings included 50 master's degrees in acupuncture, 40 master's degrees in Oriental medicine, 31 entry-level doctorate degrees(10 in acupuncture and 21 in acupuncture plus Chinese herbal medicine), and 12advanced-level doctorate degrees in AOM. The certification programs included one in East-Asian Medical Bodywork and 13 in CHM. Among these schools in 2023, institutions in the West and East Coast states comprised 67.86%(decreased from 77.42% in 2018) of the national total. California, Florida and Illinois represented 39.29%. There were 48 jurisdictions with acupuncture practice laws in place.The data suggests that the acupuncture profession in the U.S. has been significantly impacted during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

关键词： Acupuncture educational institution Acupuncturist Density Distribution Oriental medicine United States

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Anti-inflammatory mechanism of electroacupuncture involves the modulation of multiple systems,levels and targets and is not limited to“driving the vagus-adrenal axis”

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Journal of Integrative medicine 2023年第4期21卷 320-323页

作者： Arthur Yin Fan American TCM Association ViennaVA 22182USA mclean center for complementary and alternative medicine PLCViennaVA 22182USA

In October 2021,an international collaborative study on the use of electroacupuncture(EA)to treat inflammation was published in the journal Nature by Dr.Qiufu Ma’s team.Based on the results of EA on inflammation in the mouse model of lipopolysaccharide inflammatory storm,the study showed that the distal effect of acupuncture can be achieved by“driving the vagus-adrenal axis(through the adrenal medulla,by releasing catecholamines).”PROKR2Cre-marked sensory neurons,which innervate the deep hindlimb fascia but not the abdominal fascia,are crucial for driving this axis.The study suggests the existence of specificity distribution of acupoints,that different EA stimulation intensities or different needle penetration depths have different therapeutic effects,that photosensitive stimulation may be a substitute for needle acupuncture,and that massage,stretching and body movements may also activate PROKR2Cremarkable dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons and elicit anti-inflammatory effects.However,results of some other studies are contrary to the conclusions of Ma’s team.For examples:low-intensity EA at GB30 point significantly reduced the inflammation in the rat model of persistent inflammation,which is more relevant to the real daily acupuncture practice,and this effect was partly related to the adrenal cortex and associated with the stimulation of corticosterone and adrenocorticotropic hormone;manual acupuncture(similar to the low-intensity EA)at KI3,Zhichuan point(an extra point),etc.was effective in a severe COVID-19 patient with sepsis;stimulating ST25 with low-intensity EA or manual acupuncture was effective against gastrointestinal inflammations;the above mentioned points are not in an area enriched with PROKR2Cre-marked sensory nerve endings.Evidence shows that the mechanism of EA against inflammation includes modulating multi-systems,multi-levels and multi-targets,which does not limit to“driving the vagus-adrenal axis.”

关键词： Electric acupuncture Acupuncture Anti-inflammation Mechanism Adrenal Autonomic nerves

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Dialogue with Dr. Lixing Lao:from a factory electrician to an international scholar of Chinese medicine

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Journal of Integrative medicine 2013年第4期11卷 278-284页

作者： Arthur Yin Fan mclean center for complementary and alternative medicine

Dr. Lixing Lao, an internationally known scholar of Chinese medicine renowned for his clinical and mechanisms research, is the Director of the Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） Program at the center for Integrative medicine, University of Maryland （UM） School of medicine; the Co-Chair of the Acupuncture Research Society; and the former Editor-in-Chief of the American Acupuncturist, the official journal of the American Association of Acupuncture and Oriental medicine. The Baltimore Magazine has listed Dr. Lao as one of the nation＇s top acupuncture practitioners （Figure 1 ）.

关键词： traditional Chinese medicine acupuncture United States University of Maryland interview as topic history of medicine Dr. Lixing Lao

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“Obamacare” covers fifty-four million Americans for acupuncture as Essential Healthcare Benefit

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Journal of Integrative medicine 2014年第4期12卷 390-393页

作者： Arthur Yin Fan mclean center for complementary and alternative medicine PLC

＂Obamacare＂ is the informal and most-used term for The Patient Protection known as the Affordable and Affordable Care Act, also Care Act （ACA）, and is a United States federal statute signed into law by President Barack Obama on March 23, 2010. Together with the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act, the ACA represents the most significant regulatory overhaul of the United States healthcare system since the passage of Medicare and Medicaid in 1965Cq. This healthcare reform has already begun, with the open enrollment for the first year of the ACA＇s healthcare exchange marketplace ending on March 31, 2014.

关键词： acupuncture insurance coverage Obamacare the Patient Protection and AffordableCare Act Essential Healthcare Benefit United States

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Dr.William Prensky:The birth of the acupuncture profession in the United States(1969–1979)——the Institute for Taoist Studies and the National Acupuncture Association

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Journal of Integrative medicine 2016年第1期14卷 5-11页

作者： Arthur Yin Fan mclean center for complementary and alternative medicine PLC.Vienna

Acupuncture is one important part of traditional Chinese medicine （here after, the author will only use the term ＂acupuncture＂ to denote both acupuncture and Chinese medicine） and is a fast growing profession in recent years. Many patients have benefited from acupuncture therapy because acupuncture is a safe, effective and natural therapy. Several articles and interviews published in recent years have described the history of the establishment of acupuncture and Chinese medicine on the east and west coasts of the United States （U.S.） of America.

关键词： acupuncture United States history of medicine Gim Shek Ju Tin Yau So William Prensky School

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The legendary life of Dr.Gim Shek Ju, the founding father of the education of acupuncture and Chinese medicine in the United States

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Journal of Integrative medicine 2016年第3期14卷 159-164页

作者： Arthur Yin Fan mclean center for complementary and alternative medicine PLC

Several stories of various pioneers establishing acupuncture and Chinese medicine （ACM） practices in the United States （U.S.） have been documented. However, the establishment of schools for ACM signaled the establishment of ACM as an established profession in the U.S. One of the first persons who wanted to set-up a school for Chinese medicine in the U.S. was Dr. Tom Foo Yuen （谭富园, August 7, 1858 - July 10, 1947） during the late 1800s in Los Angeles （LA）, California. However, it was not until 1969 or 1970 that the first informal ACM school was actually established in the U.S. This school was called the Institute for Taoist Study, and was located in LA. However, this school was not registered with the local government and Dr. Gim Shek Ju was the sole teacher at that time.

关键词： acupuncture Chinese medicine United States education history of medicine Gim Shek Ju

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Acupuncture Legislation in Virginia,United States:A Personal Experience and Beyond

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Chinese medicine and Culture 2022年第4期5卷 248-252页

作者： Arthur Yin Fan American TCM Association ViennaVA 22182USA mclean center for complementary and alternative medicine PLCViennaVA 22182USA

Virginia was once considered as one of three states in the United States that was particularly resistant to acupuncture and its legislation,due to the historically strong conservative force in Virginia.In this article,the author aims to review and discuss the history and the current situation of acupuncture legislation in Virginia,and provides some insights for the related legislations in other states and at federal level.This study was based on author’s personal experience and an interview with Mr.Floyd Herdrich,former president of the Acupuncture Society of Virginia,who made the biggest contribution to this legislation.Led by the Acupuncture Society of Virginia,and supported by the School Tai Sophia Institute,Virginia acupuncture legislation began in 1988 and the law was implemented in 1994.Virginia is the 27th state in the United States to legalize acupuncture practice,and it has been 28 years since then.The author’s insights are:the first important factor is dedications as the persistent efforts in legislation usually take many years to materialize.The second factor is the strategy,that is,legislation through the executive or administrative system is probably a much easier route or shortcut.

关键词： Acupuncture Legislation Traditional Chinese medicine Virginia

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The beginning of acupuncture in Washington,D.C.and Maryland:an interview with Dr.Yeh-chong Chan

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Journal of Integrative medicine 2013年第3期11卷 220-228页

作者： Arthur Yin Fan Zivi Fan mclean center for complementary and alternative medicine PLC.ViennaVA 22182USA

Dr. Yeh-chong Chan （Y.C. Chan） is one of the earliest acupuncturists in the United States （US）. He served for seven years in the first acupuncture center in the US, which was established in Washington, D.C. in 1972. In 1979, he moved the clinic to Rockville, Maryland and continued to practice acupuncture there for over 30 years. He is a well-known licensed acupuncturist （LAc）, one of the developers of the acupuncture profession, and a scholar of acupuncture and traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. He has treated two US Governors （In the US, the title Governor refers to the chief executive of each state or insular territory and the political and ceremonial head of the state.） and many sports stars. He is the author of books entitled Acupuncture Practice in the United States,

关键词： acupuncture the United States Maryland Washington DC interview as topic history of medicine Dr. Yeh-chong Chan （Y.C. Chan）

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Dr. Ralph Coan: a hero in establishing acupuncture as a profession in the United States

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Journal of Integrative medicine 2013年第1期11卷 39-44页

作者： Arthur Yin Fan Ziyi Fan mclean center for complementary and alternative medicine PLC. Vienna VA 22182 USA

1 Introduction Dr. Ralph Coan is not well known to the general public. Originally, we had wanted to interview him as he was the medical director of the first acupuncture center in the United States that opened in the early 1970s. We wanted to know more about that center＇s history. Prior to visiting Dr. Coan, we found an article written by Dr. Sherman Cohn that mentioned Dr. Coan. The article noted that Dr. Coan was the founder of the American Association of Acupuncture and Oriental medicine, which is the national association of acupuncturists and Chinese medicine practitioners in the United States.

关键词： acupuncture United States interview as topic history of medicine Dr. RalphCoan

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Dr.Miriam Lee:a heroine for the start of acupuncture as a profession in the State of California

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Journal of Integrative medicine 2014年第3期12卷 182-186页

作者： Arthur Yin Fan Ziyi Fan mclean center for complementary and alternative medicine PLC.ViennaVirginia 22182USA

1 Introduction The first legal acupuncture center established in the United States （US） of America was on the east coast in Washington, D.C. in 1972[1-4]. However, the most important state in the acupuncture profession is on the west coast - in the state of California, which has the longest Iristory of acupuncture practice[5,6] and the largest number of licensed acupuncturists in the US[7].

关键词： acupuncture United States California history of medicine Dr. Miriam Lee

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