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Analysis of metabolic alterations in Arabidopsis following changes in the carbon dioxide and oxygen partial pressures

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2014年第9期56卷 941-959页

作者： Alexandra Florian Stefan Timm Zoran Nikoloski Takayuki Tohge Hermann Bauwe Wagner L.Araujo Alisdair R.Fernie max planck institute for molecular plant physiology Department of plant physiology University of Rostock max-planck Partner group at the Departament of plant Biology Federal University of Vicosa

As sessile organisms,plants are subject to a multitude of environmental variations including several which directly affect their interaction with the atmosphere.Given the indiscriminant nature of Rubisco,the relative rates of photosynthesis and photorespiration are known to be responsive to changes in gas composition.However,comprehensive profiling methods have not yet been applied in order to characterize the wider consequences of these changes on primary metabolism in general.Moreover,although transcriptional profiling has revealed that a subset of photorespiratory enzymes are co-expressed,whether transcriptional responses play a role in short-term responses to atmospheric compositional changes remains unknown.To address these questions,plants Arabidopsis thaliana（Arabidopsis） ecotype Columbia（Col-O） grown under normal air conditions were transferred to different CO_2 and O_2 concentrations and characterized at the physiological,molecular,and metabolic levels following this transition.The results reveal alterations in the components,which are directly involved in,or supporting,photorespiration,including transcripts and metabolite levels.The results further highlight that the majority of the regulation of these pathways is not mediated at the level of transcription and that the photorespiratory pathway is essential also in conditions in which flux through the pathway is minimized,yet suggest that flux through this pathway is not mediated at the level of transcription.

关键词： Carbon dioxide partial pressures gene expression metabolic profiling oxygen partial pressures

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The connection of cytoskeletal network with plasma membrane and the cell wall

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2015年第4期57卷 330-340页

作者： Zengyu Liu Staffan Persson Yi Zhang max-planck institute for molecular plant physiology ARC Centre of Excellence in plant Cell Walls School of BotanyUniversity of Melbourne

The cell wall provides external support of the plant cells, while the cytoskeletons including the microtubules and the actin filaments constitute an internal framework. The cytoskeletons contribute to the cell wall biosynthesis by spatially and temporarily regulating the transportation and deposition of cell wall components. This tight control is achieved by the dynamic behavior of the cytoskeletons, but also through the tethering of these structures to the plasma membrane. This tethering may also extend beyond the plasma membrane and impact on the cell wall, possibly in the form of a feedback loop. In this review, we discuss the linking components between the cytoskeletons and the plasma membrane, and/or the cell wall. We also discuss the prospective roles of these components in cell wall biosyn- thesis and modifications, and aim to provide a platform for further studies in this field.

关键词： Cytoskeleton plant cell wall plasma membrane

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Differential Regulation of Carbon Partitioning by the Central Growth Regulator Target of Rapamycin （TOR）

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molecular plant 2013年第6期6卷 1731-1733页

作者： Yi Zhang, Staffan Persson Patrick Giavalisco max-planck-institute of molecular plant physiology Am Muehlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Germany

Target of rapamycin （TOR） is an evolutionary conserved ser- ine/threonine protein kinase found in yeast, plants, and ani- mals. TOR plays a central role in sensing nutrients and energy status, growth factors, and other environmental signals, and integrates these cues to synchronize cell growth-related pro- cesses （Laplante and Sabatini, 2012）. In yeast and animal cells, TOR acts as the catalytic component in two structurally and functionally distinct protein complexes termed TORC （TOR complex） 1 and TORC2. TOR seems to be localized specifi- cally to the endomembrane system and the nucleus with a certain mobility, depending on the environmental conditions （Laplante and Sabatini, 2012）. The three major components of TORCl, namely TOR, RAPTOR （Regulatory associated protein of mTOR）, and LST8 （Lethal with Sec13 protein 8）, are present in the genome of Arabidopsis, and interactions between TOR and RAPTOR, as well as TOR and LST8, occur also in plants, indicating the existence of a plant TORC1 （Moreau et al., 2012）. Here, we highlight the possible role of TOR in carbon utilization and growth regulation in Arabidopsis.

关键词：抗菌药内皮缩血管肽类拟南芥属社会控制正式苏氨酸碳西罗莫司植物动物

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An Update on Xylan Synthesis

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molecular plant 2012年第4期5卷 769-771页

作者： Anett Doering Rahul Lathe Staffan Persson max-planck-institute for molecular plant physiology Am Muehlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam Germany

plant cell walls are complex structural frameworks that affect cell shape and differentiation, and that protect the plant cell against environmental conditions （Scheller and Ulvskov, 2010）. One of the major componen... 详细信息

关键词： POLYSACCHARIDES REVIEWS STRUCTURE XYLAN Fruits vegetables and nuts General aspects plant cells xylan wall Cell Shape Xylans Fruit Polysaccharides Industrial processes

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Phylogenomic discovery of deleterious mutants completes the potato breeding revolution

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molecular plant 2023年第7期16卷 1103-1105页

作者： Alisdair R.Fernie Saleh Alseekh max-planck-lnstitute of molecular plant physiology Am Muhlenberg 114476 Potsdam-GolmGermany Center for plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology 4000 PlovdivBulgaria

After many decades of attempts,recent years have finally witnessed the reinvention of potato from a clonally propagated autotetraploid to a seed-propagated inbred line-based diploid hybrid(Zhang et al.,2021).This can be anticipated to accelerate potato breeding from a cumbersome,non-accumulative mode to a rapid iterative one(Wu et al.,2023).That said,a major hurdle in achieving this is the fact that the clonally propagated potato has amassed a huge number of deleterious mutations(Zhang et al.,2019).These mutations are at least partially masked in the heterozygous state,but their detrimental effects are exposed during the process of developing inbred lines,rendering this a considerable challenge.While Zhang et al.(2021)previously developed two inbred lines,the first generation of highly homozygous inbred lines,these contained mutations that collectively resulted in negative fitness manifesting in frail growth,reduced fertility,and low yield.In a recent study,Wu et al.(2023)utilized genomic evolutionary rate profiling(GERP)analysis to identify and quantify deleterious mutations at the genome-wide scale.

关键词： breeding fertility collective

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At Long Last： Evidence for Pexophagy in plants

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molecular plant 2014年第8期7卷 1257-1260页

作者： Tamar Avin-Wittenberg Alisdair R. Fernie max-planck-institute of molecular plant physiology Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany

Peroxisomes are highly dynamic single-membrane-bound eukaryotic organelles displaying great variability in enzymatic content （Platta and Erdmann, 2007）. plant peroxisomes function in a plethora of crucial development and stress ameliorating processes. Among the functions of plant peroxisomes are 13-oxidation of fatty acids, phytohormone production, participation in photorespiration, the glyoxyalte cycle, detoxification processes, and signal molecule generation （Hu et al., 2012）.

关键词：过氧化物酶体类内皮缩血管肽类细胞器脂肪酸类植物

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Understanding source-sink interactions: Progress in model plants and translational research to crops

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molecular plant 2023年第1期16卷 96-121页

作者： Laise Rosado-Souza Ryo Yokoyama Uwe Sonnewald Alisdair R.Fernie max-planck-institute of molecular plant physiology Am Mühlenberg 114476 Potsdam-GolmGermany Department of Biochemistry University of Erlangen-NurembergStaudtstrasse 591058 ErlangenGermany

Agriculture is facing a massive increase in demand per hectare as a result of an ever-expanding population and environmental deterioration.While we have learned much about how environmental conditions and diseases impact crop yield,until recently considerably less was known concerning endogenous factors,including within-plant nutrient allocation.In this review,we discuss studies of source-sink interactions covering both fundamental research in model systems under controlled growth conditions and how the findings are being translated to crop plants in the field.In this respect we detail efforts aimed at improving and/or combining C3,C4,and CAM modes of photosynthesis,altering the chloroplastic electron transport chain,modulating photorespiration,adopting bacterial/algal carbon-concentrating mechanisms,and enhancing nitrogen-and water-use efficiencies.Moreover,we discuss how modulating TCA cycle activities and primary metabolism can result in increased rates of photosynthesis and outline the opportunities that evaluating natural variation in photosynthesis may afford.Although source,transport,and sink functions are all covered in this review,we focus on discussing source functions because the majority of research has been conducted in this field.Nevertheless,considerable recent evidence,alongside the evidence from classical studies,demonstrates that both transport and sink functions are also incredibly important determinants of yield.We thus describe recent evidence supporting this notion and suggest that future strategies for yield improvement should focus on combining improvements in each of these steps to approach yield optimization.

关键词： photosynthesis assimilate transport nitrogen-use efficiency water-use efficiency source-sink natural variance transgenic intervention

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Specialized Metabolites of the Flavonol Class Mediate Root Phototropism and Growth

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molecular plant 2016年第12期9卷 1554-1555页

作者： Takayuki Tohge Alisdair R. Fernie max-planck-institute of molecular plant physiology Am Mühlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany

Roots are subterranean organs and normally follow the gravity vector to grow downward. However, in nature, roots can be exposed to sunlight in a negative phototropism response termed root light avoidance （Kutschera and Briggs, 2012）. Such tropic responses are characterized by organ curvature caused by asymmetric growth between different sides of the root, which generally correlates with an asymmetric distribution of the plant hormone auxin （Wang et al., 2015）.

关键词： Conserved Interaction Recruiting

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The Past, Present, and Future of Maize Improvement: Domestication, Genomics, and Functional Genomic Routes toward Crop Enhancement

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plant Communications 2020年第1期1卷 38-56页

作者： Jie Liu Alisdair R.Fernie Jianbing Yan National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Department of molecular physiology Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant PhysiologyAm Muhlenberg 114476 Potsdam-GolmGermany

After being domesticated from teosinte,cultivated maize(Zea mays ssp.mays)spread worldwide and now is one of the most important staple crops.Due to its tremendous phenotypic and genotypic diversity,maize also becomes to be one of the most widely used model plant species for fundamental research,with many important discoveries reported by maize researchers.Here,we provide an overview of the history of maize domestication and key genes controlling major domestication-related traits,review the currently available resources for functional genomics studies in maize,and discuss the functions of most of the maize genes that have been positionally cloned and can be used for crop improvement.Finally,we provide some perspectives on future directions regarding functional genomics research and the breeding of maize and other crops.

关键词： maize domestication genomics functional genomics improvement

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The Potato Sucrose Transporter StSUT1 Interacts with a DRM-Associated Protein Disulfide Isomerase

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molecular plant 2012年第1期5卷 43-62页

作者： Undine Krugel Hong-Xia He Konstanze Gier Jana Reins Izabela Chincinska Bernhard Grimm Waltraud X. Schulze Christina Kuhn institute of Biology Department of Plant Physiology Humboldt University 10115 Berlin Germany Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology Am MGhlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany

Organization of proteins into complexes is crucial for many cellular functions. Recently, the SUT1 protein was shown to form homodimeric complexes, to be associated with lipid raft-like microdomains in yeast as well as in plants and to undergo endocytosis in response to brefeldin A. We therefore aimed to identify SUTl-interacting proteins that might be involved in dimerization, endocytosis, or targeting of SUT1 to raft-like microdomains. Therefore, we identified potato membrane proteins, which are associated with the detergent-resistant membrane （DRM） fraction. Among the proteins identified, we clearly confirmed StSUT1 as part of DRM in potato source leaves. We used the yeast two-hybrid split ubiq- uitin system （SUS） to systematically screen for interaction between the sucrose transporter StSUT1 and other membrane- associated or soluble proteins in vivo. The SUS screen was followed by immunoprecipitation using affinity-purified StSUTl-specific peptide antibodies and mass spectrometric analysis of co-precipitated proteins. A large overlap was ob- served between the StSUTl-interacting proteins identified in the co-immunoprecipitation and the detergent-resistant membrane fraction. One of the SUTl-interacting proteins, a protein disulfide isomerase （PDI）, interacts also with other sucrose transporter proteins. A potential role of the PDI as escort protein is discussed.

关键词： Protein-protein interactions phloem proteins vesicle trafficking endocytosis.

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