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Small extrachromosomal circular DNA in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis matter

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1411-1413页

作者： Marcos J.Arauzo-Bravo Daniela Gerovska Matthias Schwab Alexandra Kretz Computational Biology and Systems Biomedicine Biodonostia Health Research InstituteSan SebastianSpain Basque Foundation for Science IKERBASQUEBilbaoSpainMax Planck Institute for Molecular BiomedicineComputational Biology and Bioinformatics GroupMünsterNorth Rhine-WestphaliaGermany Department of Cell Biology and Histology Faculty of Medicine and NursingUniversity of Basque Country(UPV/EHU)LeioaSpain Department of Neurology Jena University HospitalJenaThuringiaGermany

Comprehensive studies identify motor neuron spectrum disorders including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)as globally rising fatal disorders with the highest prevalence in aging populations,influenced by ethnicity and ancestry(GBD 2016 Motor Neuron Disease Colla borators,2018).While~10% of diagnoses involve a family history(fALS),most cases are considered sporadic(sALS).However,population-based studies suggest that even cases without a common index mutation impart heritability(Ryan et al.,2019),indicating a crucial role of rare and as yet unknown genetic denominators.

关键词： amyotrophic sclerosis

A 'hot' oil sorbent for fast cleanup of viscous crude-oil spills

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National Science Review 2018年第4期5卷 445-446页

作者： Markus Antonietti max planck institute for Colloids and Interfaces

In 2010,the Gulf of Mexico oil spill created the largest environmental ocean accident in *** estimated number of 4.9 million barrels of crude oil were released into the ocean and brought severe damage to the marine ecosystems and fishing,and threatened the health of *** oil cleanup technologies,including skimmers,dispersants and controlled burning,were used to treat the

关键词： hot oil sorbent for fast cleanup of viscous crude-oil spills

The co-orbital restricted three-body problem and its application

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2010年第1期53卷 171-178页

作者： Gerhard HEINZEL Albrecht RDIGER max planck institute for Gravitational Physics

Based on large quantities of co-orbital phenomena in the motion of natural bodies and spacecraft, a model of the co-orbital restricted three-body problem is put forward. The fundamental results for the planar co-orbital circular restricted three-body problem are given, which include the selection of variables and equations of motion, a set of approximation formulas, and an approximate semi-analytical solution. They are applied to the motion of the barycenter of the planned gravitational observatory LISA constellation, which agrees very well with the solution of precise numerical integration.

关键词： co-orbital restricted three-body problem LISA

Turning to myelin turnover

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第12期14卷 2063-2066页

作者： Tobias J.Buscham Maria A.Eichel Sophie B.Siems Hauke B.Werner Department of Neurogenetics Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine

Neural plasticity in the adult central nervous system involves the adaptation of myelination, including the formation of novel myelin sheaths by adult-born oligodendrocytes. Yet, mature oligodendrocytes slowly but constantly turn over their pre-existing myelin sheaths, thereby establishing an equilibrium of replenishment and degradation that may also be subject to adaptation with consequences for nerve conduction velocity. In this short review we highlight selected approaches to the normal turnover of adult myelin in vivo, from injecting radioactive precursors of myelin constituents in the 1960s to current strategies involving isotope labeling and tamoxifen-induced gene targeting.

关键词： oligodendrocyte myelin plasticity and turnover degradation tamoxifen metabolic labeling isotope labeling neural plasticity myelinoid bodies central nervous system

Silencing NOA1 Elevates Herbivory-Induced Jasmonic Acid Accumulation and Compromises Most of the Carbon-Based Defense Metabolites in Nicotiana attenuata

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2011年第8期53卷 619-631页

作者： Hendrik Wünsche Ian T. Baldwin Department of Molecular Ecology max planck institute for Chemical Ecology

Nitric oxide-associated protein 1 （NOA1） is involved in various abiotic stress responses and is required for plant resistance to pathogen infections. However, the role of NOA1 in plant-herbivore interactions has not been explored. We created NOA1-silenced Nicotiana attenuata plants （irNaNOA1）. Compared with wild-type （WT） plants, irNaNOA1 plants had highly decreased photosynthesis rates. We further examined various traits important for plant defense against its specialist herbivore Manduca sexta by treating WT and irNaNOA1 plants with mechanical wounding and M. sexta oral secretions （OS）. NOA1-silenced plants showed elevated levels of herbivory-induced jasmonic acid （JA）, but decreased JA-isoleucine conjugate （JA-Ile） levels. The decreased JA-Ile levels did not result from compromised JAR （jasmonic acid resistant） activity in irNOA1 plants. Moreover, nitrogen-rich defensive compounds, nicotine and trypsin proteinase inhibitors, did not differ between WT and irNaNOA1 plants. In contrast, concentrations of most carbon-based defensive compounds were lower in these plants than in WT plants, although the levels of chlorogenic acid were not changed. Therefore, silencing NOA1 alters the allocation of carbon resources within the phenylpropanoid pathway. These data suggest the involvement of NOA1 in N. attenuata’s defense against M. sexta attack, and highlight its role in photosynthesis, and biosynthesis of jasmonates and secondary metabolites.

关键词： NOA1 defense herbivory nitric oxide-associated protein 1 secondary metabolites.

Self-assembled vesicle–colloid hybrid swimmers:Non-reciprocal strokes with reciprocal actuation

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第6期29卷 30-36页

作者： Jaime Agudo-Canalejo Babak Nasouri max planck institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization(MPIDS) 37077 GoettingenGermany

We consider a self-assembled hybrid system,composed of a bilayer vesicle to which a number of colloids are *** on known results of membrane curvature elasticity,we predict that,for sufficiently deflated prolate vesicles,the colloids can self-assemble into a ring at a finite distance away from the vesicle equator,thus breaking the up–down symmetry in the *** the relative variation of the position of the colloidal ring along the vesicle endows the system with an effective elasticity,periodic cycles of inflation and deflation can lead to non-reciprocal shape changes of the vesicle–colloid hybrid,allowing it to swim in a low Reynolds number environment under reciprocal *** design several actuation protocols that allow control over the swimming direction.

关键词： vesicles colloids microswimmers curvature

Polymer coated nanowire network promises self-healing and superstretchable conductors

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Science China Chemistry 2019年第2期62卷 151-152页

作者： Markus Antonietti max planck institute for Colloids and Interfaces Potsdam-Golm Science Park

The generation of stretchable conductors is a mandatory precondition for the next-generation electronic devices ineluding flexible,wearable electronics,smart skins and bioinspired devices [1-4].This new class of electronic materials takes up external mechanical deformations and maintains structural integrity and electronic performance throughout bending,folding and stretching *** intense efforts have been devoted to the construction of stretchable conductors,large stretchability is still difficult to achieve.

关键词： generation Polymer stretchable

MoS_(2) on topological insulator Bi_(2)Te_(3) thin films:Activation of the basal plane for hydrogen reduction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第11期30卷 516-522,I0012页

作者： Guowei Lia Jue Huang Qun Yang Liguo Zhang Qingge Mu Yan Sun Stuart Parkin Kai Chang Claudia Felser max planck institute for Chemical Physics of Solids 01187 DresdenGermany max planck institute for Microstructure Physics 06120 HalleGermany Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences 100193 BeijingChina

2H-MoS_(2) is a well-studied and promising non-noble metal electrocatalyst for heterogeneous reactions,such as the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).The performance is largely limited by the chemically inert basal plane,which is unfavorable for surface adsorption and ***,we report a facile method to boost the HER activities of 2H-MoS_(2) by coupling with epitaxial Bi2Te3 topological insulator *** as-obtained MoS_(2)/Bi2Te3/SrTiO3 catalyst exhibits prominent HER catalytic activities compared to that of pure MoS_(2) structures,with a 189 mV decrease in the overpotential required to reach a current density of 10 mA cm^(−2) and a low Tafel slope of 58 mV dec−*** investigations suggest that the enhanced catalytic activity originates from the charge redistribution at the interface between the Bi2Te3topological insulator films and the MoS_(2) *** delocalized sp-derived topological surface states could denote electrons to the MoS_(2) layer and activate the basal plane for hydrogen *** study demonstrates the potential of manipulating topological surface states to design high-performance electrocatalysts.

关键词： MoS_(2) Topological insulator Hydrogen evolution Surface states Electron transfer

Spectral Gap of the Largest Eigenvalue of the Normalized Graph Laplacian

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Communications in Mathematics and Statistics 2022年第3期10卷 371-381页

作者： Jürgen Jost Raffaella Mulas Florentin Münch max planck institute for Mathematics in the Sciences LeipzigGermany

We offer a new method for proving that the maxima eigenvalue of the normalized graph Laplacian of a graph with n vertices is at least n+1/n−1 provided the graph is not complete and that equality is attained if and only if the complement graph is a single edge or a complete bipartite graph with both parts of size n−1/*** the same method,we also prove a new lower bound to the largest eigenvalue in terms of the minimum vertex degree,provided this is at most n−1/2.

关键词： Spectral graph theory Normalized Laplacian Largest eigenvalue Sharp bounds