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Unveiling the size effect of nitrogen-doped carbon-supported copper-based catalysts on nitrate-to-ammonia electroreduction

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2438-2443页

作者： Ran Li Taotao Gao Wenxi Qiu Minghao Xie Zhaoyu Jin Panpan Li College of materials science and engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Institute for Advanced Study Chengdu UniversityChengdu 610106China materials science and engineering program and walker department of mechanical engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustinTexas 78712USA Institute of Fundamental and Frontier sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China

The electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction(NitRR)represents a promising approach toward achieving economically and environmentally sustainable ammonia.However,it remains a challenge to regulate the size effect of electrocatalysts to optimize the catalytic activity and ammonia selectivity.Herein,the Cu-based catalysts were tailored at the atomic level to exhibit a size gradient ranging from single-atom catalysts(SACs,0.15–0.35 nm)to single-cluster catalysts(SCCs,1.0–2.8 nm)and nanoparticles(NPs,20–30 nm),with the aim of studying the size effect for the NO_(3)^(-)-to-NH_(3) reduction reaction.Especially,the Cu SCCs exhibit enhanced metal–substrate and metal–metal interactions by taking advantageous features of Cu SACs and Cu NPs.Thus,Cu SCCs achieve exceptional electrocatalytic performance for the NitRR with a maximum Faradaic efficiency of ca.96%NH_(3)and the largest yield rate of ca.1.99 mg·h^(-1)·cm^(-2) at-0.5 V vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE).The theoretical calculation further reveals the size effect and coordination environment on the high catalytic activity and selectivity for the NitRR.This work provides a promising various size-controlled design strategy for aerogel-based catalysts effectively applied in various electrocatalytic reactions.

关键词： nitrate electroreduction ammonia electrosynthesis size effect single-cluster catalyst

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Nickel Sulfide Modified NiCu Nanoalloy with Excellent Oxygen Evolution Reaction Properties Prepared through Electrospinning and Heat Treatment

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(materials science) 2024年第2期39卷 320-326页

作者：李涛凌帅 ZHONG Shujie LOU Qiongyue department of materials engineering School of Mechanical EngineeringChengdu UniversityChengdu 610106China

Ni^(2+)/Cu^(2+)/SO_(4)^(2-)/polyvinyl alcohol precursor fibers with uniform diameters were prepared through electrospinning.Nickel-based composite nanoalloys containing Ni,Cu,and S were prepared through heat treatment in an Ar atmosphere.The experimental results show that the main components of the prepared nanoalloys are NiCu,Ni_(3)S_(2),Ni,and C.The nanoalloys exhibit fine grain sizes about 200-500 nm,which can increase with increasing heat treatment temperature.Electrochemical test results show that the nickel sulfidemodified NiCu nanoalloy composites exhibit excellent oxygen evolution reaction properties,and the oxygen evolution reaction properties gradually improve with the increasing heat treatment temperature.The sample prepared at 1 000℃ for 40 min show a low overpotential of 423 mV and a small Tafel slope of 134 mV·dec^(-1) at a current density of 10 mA·cm^(-2).

关键词： NiCu nanoalloy Ni_(3)S_(2) structure transformation oxygen evolution reaction

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Thermoelectric transport properties of p-type Bi2Se3-Sb2Se3-In2Se3 high entropy compounds

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 3415-3421页

作者： Feng Jiang Cheng-Liang Xia Yong-Bin Zhu Jun Li Yue Chen Wei-Shu Liu department of materials science and engineering Southern University of Science and Technology department of mechanical engineering The University of Hong Kong Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Oxide materials and Devices Southern University of Science and Technology

The introduction of entropy concept into thermoelectric materials recently has attracted broad interest.Herein,we showed the phase diagram of the ternary systems of Bi2Se3-Sb2Se3-In2Se3.Among the high entropy compounds （HECs）,we have identified an intrinsic p-type region near our previously reported Bi0.8Sb0.8In0.4Se3in the phase diagram.

关键词： Selenium compounds

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Simultaneous enhancement of strength and ductility via microband formation and nanotwinning in an L1_(2)-strengthened alloy

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Fundamental Research 2024年第1期4卷 147-157页

作者： Lu Yang Dingshan Liang Zhuo Cheng Ranxi Duan Chuanxin Zhong Junhua Luan Zengbao Jiao Fuzeng Ren department of materials science and engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China department of materials science and engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China department of mechanical engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China

Metallic alloys with high strength and large ductility are required for extreme structural applications.However,the achievement of ultrahigh strength often results in a substantially decreased ductility.Here,we report a strategy to achieve the strength-ductility synergy by tailoring the alloy composition to control the local stacking fault energy(SFE)of the face-centered-cubic(fcc)matrix in an L1_(2)-strengthened superlattice alloy.As a proof of concept,based on the thermodynamic calculations,we developed a non-equiatomic CoCrNi_(2)(Al_(0.2)Nb_(0.2))alloy using phase separation to create a near-equiatomic low SFE disordered CoCrNi medium-entropy alloy matrix with in situ formed high-content coherent Ni_(3)(Al,Nb)-type ordered nanoprecipitates(∼12 nm).The alloy achieves a high tensile strength up to 1.6 GPa and a uniform ductility of 33%.The low SFE of the fcc matrix promotes the formation of nanotwins and parallel microbands during plastic deformation which could remarkably enhance the strain hardening capacity.This work provides a strategy for developing ultrahigh-strength alloys with large uniform ductility.

关键词： L1_(2)-strengthened superlattice alloy Stacking fault energy Nanotwins Microbands Strain hardening

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Crafting chirality in three dimensions via a novel fabrication technique for bound states in the continuum metasurfaces

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Light(science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 390-392页

作者： Zaid Haddadin Anna My Nguyen Lisa V.Poulikakos department of Electrical&Computer engineering University of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA department of mechanical&Aerospace engineering University of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA program of materials science&engineering University of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA

An additional deposition step was added to a multi-step electron beam lithographic fabrication process to unlock the height dimension as an accessible parameter for resonators comprising unit cells of quasi-bound stat... 详细信息

关键词： dimensions dimension intrinsic

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Preparation of tungsten-particle-reinforced Zr-based bulk metallic glass composites by two-step spark plasma sintering:microstructure evolution,densification mechanism and mechanical properties

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1793-1808页

作者： Yun-Fei Ma Pan Gong Mao Zhang Hui-E.Hu Zhen Peng Xiao Xu Xin Wang Mehdi Malekan Xue-Feng Tang Lei Deng Jun-Song Jin Xin-Yun Wang State Key Laboratory of materials Processing and Die and Mould Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute of Huazhong University of science and Technology in Shenzhen department of Chemistry and materials Naval University of Engineering School of materials science and engineering Jiangsu University College of Machine Shanghai Dianji University School of Metallurgy and materials engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of Tehran

A new two-step spark plasma sintering(TSS)process with low-temperature pre-sintering and high-temperature final sintering has been successfully applied to prepare the tungsten-particle(Wp)-reinforced bulk metallic glass composites(Wp/BMGCs).Compared to normal spark plasma sintering(NS),the densification rate and relative density of Wp/BMGCs can be improved by selecting TSS with appropriate sintering pressure in the low temperature pre-sintering stage.However,the compressive strength and plastic strain of 30%Wp/BMGCs prepared by TSS are both higher than those of the samples prepared by NS.The TSS process can significantly enhance the compressive strength of 30%Wp/BMGCs by 12% and remarkably increase the plastic strain by 50%,while the trend is completely opposite for 50%Wp/BMGCs.Quasi-in situ experiments and finite element simulations reveal that uneven temperature distribution among particles during low-temperature pre-sintering causes local overheating at contact points between particles,accelerating formation of sintering neck between particles and plastic deformation of Wp.When the volume fraction of Wp is low,TSS can improve the interface bonding between particles by increasing the number of sintering necks.This makes the fracture mode of Wp/BMGCs being predominantly transgranular fracture.However,as the volume fraction of Wp increases,the adverse effects of Wp plastic deformation are becoming more and more prominent.The aggregated Wp tends to form a solid "cage structure" that hinders the bonding between particles at the interface;correspondingly,the fracture behavior of Wp/BMGCs is mainly dominated by intergranular fracture.Additionally,reducing the sintering pressure during the low-temperature pre-sintering stage of TSS has been shown to effectively decrease plastic deformation in Wp,resulting in a higher degree of densification and better mechanical properties.

关键词： Bulk metallic glass composites Tungsten particle Two-step spark plasma sintering Densification mechanism mechanical properties

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Design strategies of high-performance lead-free electroceramics for energy storage applications

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 853-878页

作者： Biao Guo Fei Jin Li Li Zi-Zhao Pan Xin-Wei Xu Hong Wang department of materials science and engineering College of EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China School of Microelectronics and State Key Laboratory for mechanical Behavior of materials Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China

A greater number of compact and reliable electrostatic capacitors are in demand due to the Internet of Things boom and rapidly growing complex and integrated electronic systems,continuously promoting the development of high-energy-density ceramic-based capacitors.Although significant successes have been achieved in obtaining high energy densities in lead-based ferroelectric ceramics,the utilization of lead-containing ceramies has been restricted due to environmental and health hazards of lead.Lead-free ferroelectric ceramics have garnered tremendous attention and are expected to replace lead-based ceramics in the near future.However,the energy density of lead-free ceramics is still lagging behind that of lead-containing cou.nterparts,severely limiting their applications.Significant efforts have been made to enhance the energy storage performance of lead-free ceramics using multi-scale design strategies,and exciting progress has been achieved in the past decade.This review briefly discusses the energy storage mechanism and fundamental characteristics of a dielectric capacitor,summarizes and compares the state-of-the-art design strategies for high-energy-density lead-free ceramics,and highlights several critical issues and requirements for industrial production.The prospects and challenges of lead-free ceramics for energy storage applications are also discussed.

关键词： Dielectric materials Lead-free ceramic Environment friendly Energy storage Design strategy

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Evolution of nonmetallic inclusions in 80-t 9CrMoCoB large-scale ingots during electroslag remelting process

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and materials 2024年第7期31卷 1525-1539页

作者： Shengchao Duan Min Joo Lee Yao Su Wangzhong Mu Dong Soo Kim Joo Hyun Park School of mechanical and materials engineering North China University of TechnologyBeijing 100144China department of materials science and Chemical engineering Hanyang UniversityAnsan 15588Rep.of Korea department of materials science and engineering KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyBrinellvägen 23Stockholm 10044Sweden department of engineering science and Mathematics Division of Materials ScienceLuleåUniversity of Technology97187 LuleåSweden Casting&Forging Business Unit Nuclear Business GroupDoosan EnerbilityChangwon 51711Rep.of Korea

In combination with theoretical calculations,experiments were conducted to investigate the evolution behavior of nonmetallic inclusions(NMIs)during the manufacture of large-scale heat-resistant steel ingots using 9CrMoCoB heat-resistant steel and CaF_(2)–CaO–Al_(2)O_(3)–SiO_(2)–B_(2)O_(3)electroslag remelting(ESR)-type slag in an 80-t industrial ESR furnace.The main types of NMI in the consumable electrode comprised pure alumina,a multiphase oxide consisting of an Al_(2)O_(3)core and liquid CaO–Al_(2)O_(3)–SiO_(2)–MnO shell,and M_(23)C_(6)carbides with an MnS core.The Al_(2)O_(3)and MnS inclusions had higher precipitation temperatures than the M_(23)C_(6)-type carbide under equilibrium and nonequilibrium solidification processes.Therefore,inclusions can act as nucleation sites for carbide layer precipitation.The ESR process completely removed the liquid CaO–Al_(2)O_(3)–SiO_(2)–MnO oxide and MnS inclusion with a carbide shell,and only the Al_(2)O_(3)inclusions and Al_(2)O_(3)core with a carbide shell occupied the remelted ingot.The M_(23)C_(6)-type carbides in steel were determined as Cr_(23)C_(6)based on the analysis of transmission electron microscopy results.The substitution of Cr with W,Fe,or/and Mo in the Cr_(23)C_(6)lattice caused slight changes in the lattice parameter of the Cr_(23)C_(6)carbide.Therefore,Cr_(21.34)Fe_(1.66)C_(6),(Cr_(19)W_(4)C_(6),Cr_(18.4)Mo_(4.6)C_(6),and Cr_(16)Fe_(5)Mo_(2)C_(6)can match the fraction pattern of Cr_(23)C_(6)carbide.The Al_(2)O_(3)inclusions in the remelted ingot formed due to the reduction of CaO,SiO_(2),and MnO components in the liquid inclusion.The increased Al content in liquid steel or the higher supersaturation degree of Al_(2)O_(3)precipitation in the remelted ingot than that in the electrode can be attributed to the evaporation of CaF_(2)and the increase in CaO content in the ESR-type slag.

关键词： nonmetallic inclusion heat-resistant steel electroslag remelting M_(23)C_(6) carbide MnS inclusion supersaturation degree

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TiO_(2)@C catalyzed hydrogen storage performance of Mg-Ni-Y alloy with LPSO and ternary eutectic structure

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第2期12卷 767-778页

作者： Wenjie Song Wenhao Ma Shuai He Wei Chen Jianghua Shen Dalin Sun Qiuming Wei Xuebin Yu College of mechanical and Electrical engineering Shaanxi University of Science and TechnologyXi’anShaanxi 710021China department of materials science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China School of Aeronautics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710072China department of mechanical engineering&engineering science the University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNorth Carolina 28223United States of America

A designed Mg_(88.7)Ni_(6.3)Y_(5)hydrogen storage alloy containing 14H type LPSO(long-period stacking ordered)and ternary eutectic structure was prepared by regulating the alloy composition and casting.The hydrogen storage performance of the alloy was improved by adding nano-flower-like TiO_(2)@C catalyst.The decomposition of the LPSO structure during hydrogenation led to the formation of plenty of nanocrystals which provided abundant interphase boundaries and activation sites.The nanoscale TiO_(2)@C catalyst was uniformly dispersed on the surface of alloy particles,and the"hydrogen overflow''effect of TiO_(2)@C accelerated the dissociation and diffusion of hydrogen on the surface of the alloy particles.As a result,the in-situ endogenous nanocrystals of the LPSO structure decomposition and the externally added flower-like TiO_(2)@C catalyst uniformly dispersed on the surface of the nanoparticles played a synergistic catalytic role in improving the hydrogen storage performance of the Mg-based alloy.With the addition of the TiO_(2)@C catalyst,the beginning hydrogen desorption temperature was reduced to 200℃.Furthermore,the saturated hydrogen absorption capacity of the sample was 5.32 wt.%,and it reached 4.25 wt.%H_(2) in 1 min at 200℃and 30 bar.

关键词： Hydrogen storage Mg LPSO TiO_(2)@C Synergistic catalysis

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π-Extended giant dimeric acceptor as a third component enables highly efficient ternary organic solar cells with efficiency over 19.2%

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 263-270页

作者： Mengran Peng Haotian Wu Liming Wu Jianhua Chen Ruijie Ma Qunping Fan Hua Tan Weiguo Zhu Hongxiang Li Junqiao Ding School of Chemical science and Technology Yunnan University department of Electrical and Electronic engineering Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE) Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao (GHM) Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and Devices The Hong Kong Polytechnic University State Key Laboratory for mechanical Behavior of materials Xi'an Jiaotong University School of materials science and engineering Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications Changzhou University College of Polymer science and engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering Sichuan University

Ternary strategy with a suitable third component is a successful strategy to improve the photovoltaic performance of organic solar cells(OSCs). Very recently, Y-series based giant molecule acceptors or oligomerized acceptors have emerged as promising materials for achieving highly efficient and stable binary OSCs, while application as third component for ternary OSCs is limited. Here a novel π-extended giant dimeric acceptor, GDF, is developed based on central Y series core fusion and rigid BDT as linker, and then incorporated into the state-of-the-art PM1:PC6 system to construct ternary OSCs.The GDF has a near planar backbone, resulting in increased π-conjugation, excellent crystallinity, and good electron transport capacity. When GDF is introduced into the PM1:PC6 system, it ensues in a cascade like the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals(LUMO) energy level alignment, a complementary absorption band with PM1 and PC6, higher and balanced hole and electron mobility, slightly smaller domain size, and a higher exciton dissociation probability for PM1:PC6:GDF(1:1.1:0.1) blend film. As a consequence, the PM1:PC6:GDF(1:1.1:0.1) ternary OSC achieves a champion PCE of 19.22%, with a significantly higher open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current density, compared to 18.45% for the PM1:PC6(1:1.2) binary OSC. Our findings show that employing a π-extended giant dimeric acceptor as a third component significantly improves the photovoltaic performance of ternary OSCs.

关键词： Giant dimeric acceptor Ternary organic solar cells Third component

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