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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 483-484页

作者： Yun Li Junfang Wu department of Anesthesiology&Shock Trauma and Anesthesiology Research(STAR)CenterUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA

Traumatic spinal cord injury(SCI)is a devastating exogenous injury with long-lasting consequences and a leading cause of death and disability *** in assistive technology,rehabilitative interventions,and the ability to identify and intervene in secondary conditions have significantly increased the long-term survival rate of SCI patients,with some people even living well into their seventh or eighth *** survival changes have led neurotrauma researchers to examine how SCI interacts with brain *** health and epidemiological data showed that patients with long-term SCI can have a lower life expectancy and quality of life,along with a higher risk of comorbidities and complications.

关键词： alterations inflammation injury

Plasticity in Metamorphic Traits of Rice Field Frog(Rana limnocharis) Tadpoles:The Interactive Effects of Rearing Temperature and Food Level

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Asian Herpetological Research 2016年第4期7卷 265-270页

作者： Tonglei YU Guifang YANG Michael BUSAM Yaohui DENG department of Biology College of Life ScienceXinyang Normal University College of agriculture and Natural Resources University of Maryland

In organisms with complex life cycles, such as amphibians, morphological variation is strongly influenced by environmental factors （e.g. temperature） and maternal effects （e.g. diet）. Although temperature and food level exert a strong influence on larval growth, little is known about the interacting effects of these factors on age and size at metamorphosis. In this study, plasticity in growth rates, survival, larval period, and size at metamorphosis were examined in Rice field Frog （Rana limnocharis） under different combinations of rearing temperature and food level. Rearing temperature did not affect age at metamorphosis, but a significant interaction between temperature and food level revealed that of tadpoles feeding at a high food level, those reared at 32℃ had a shorter length of larval period than those reared at 29℃ or 26℃. Similarly, our results also showed high food level produced a larger growth rate and mass at metamorphosis at 32℃, but not at 29 and 26℃. Therefore, our results revealed that the effects of food level on larval growth and metamorphosis were highly dependent on developmental temperature.

关键词： metamorphosis Rana limnocharis larval period phenotypic plasticity rearing temperature food level

Integrated Weed Management Through Tillage and Herbicides for Wheat Production in Rice-Wheat Cropping System in Northwestern Pakistan

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Journal of Integrative agriculture 2012年第6期11卷 946-953页

作者： Khalid Usman Inayat Ullah Said Mir Khan Muhammad Umar Khan Said Ghulam Muhammad Anwar Khan department of Agronomy Faculty of AgricultureGomal University department of Entomology Faculty of AgricultureGomal University department of agriculture Chemistry Faculty of AgricultureGomal University department of Soil and Environmental Sciences Faculty of AgricultureGomal University

Conservational tillage （CT） in combination with broad spectrum herbicide may be more efficient and economical in controlling weeds, reducing cost of cultivation, and enhancing wheat yield. Field experiments were carried out to evaluate the effect of tillage and herbicides on weeds and wheat yield under rice-wheat cropping system （RWCS）. The results indicated that broad spectrum herbicides particularly, carfentrazone ethyl ester＋ isoproturon （Affinity 50 WDG） reduced weeds density by 93 and 95% compared to control and also produced the maximum grain yield （6 818 and 6 996 kg ha-l） and HI （harvest index, 44.7 and 44.6%） in 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 growing seasons, respectively. The maximum weeds infestation and the lowest yield were recorded in control. Tillage methods significantly influenced grain yield and HI, while no significant effect on all other parameters. The overall mean yield was significantly higher in zero tillage （5 575 kg ha-l） and reduced tillage （5 584 kg ha-l） compared to CT （5 479 kg ha-^-1）. Besides increasing wheat yield, Affinity 50 WDG and zero tillage are important weed management practices that can be integrated into wheat production in RWCS. However, in case of perennial weeds or insect pests＇ infestation, CT in combination with Affinity 50 WDG would be more productive than conservation tillage.

关键词： herbicides tillage weed population wheat yield

Improving modeling of low-altitude particulate matter emission and dispersion:A cotton gin case study

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第11期133卷 8-22页

作者： Zijiang Yang Michael N.Evans Michael D.Buser Cathleen J.Hapeman Alba Torrents Derek P.Whitelock department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Maryland College Park1173 Glenn L.Martin HallCollege ParkMaryland 20742United States department of Geology University of Maryland College Park1212B Chemistry BuildingCollege ParkMaryland 20742United States Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center 1120 Geology BuildingUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMaryland 20742United States United States department of agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceOffice of National Programs5601 Sunnyside Ave(GWCC 4–2282)BeltsvilleMaryland 20705United States United States department of agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceHenry A.Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center10300 Baltimore AvenueBeltsvilleMaryland 20705United States United States department of agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceSouthwestern Cotton Ginning Research LaboratoryPO Box 578Mesilla ParkNew Mexico 88047United States

Monitoring and modeling of airborne particulate matter(PM)from low-altitude sources is becoming an important regulatory target as the adverse health consequences of PM become better ***,application of models not specifically designed for simulation of PM from low-altitude emissions may bias *** address this problem,we describe the modification and validation of an air dispersion model for the simulation of lowaltitude PM dispersion from a typical cotton ginning *** found that the regulatory recommended model(AERMOD)overestimated pollutant concentrations by factors of 64.7,6.97 and 7.44 on average for PM 2.5,PM 10,and TSP,*** concentrations were negatively correlated with height(p<0.05),distance from source(p<0.05)and standard deviation of wind direction(p<0.001),and positively correlated with average wind speed(p<0.001).Based on these results,we developed dispersion correction factors for AERMOD and cross-validated the revised model against independent observations,reducing overestimation factors to 3.75,1.52 and 1.44 for PM 2.5,PM 10 and TSP,*** reductions in model error may be obtained from use of additional observations and refinement of dispersive correction *** generally,the correction permits the validated adjustment and application of pre-existing models for risk assessment and development of remediation *** same approach may also be applied to improve simulations of other air pollutants and environmental conditions of concern.

关键词： Air quality Particulate matter Air dispersion modelling Cotton gin

Changes in Nutrient-Homeostasis and Reserves Metabolism During Rice Seed Priming:Consequences for Seedling Emergence and Growth

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2010年第2期9卷 191-198页

作者： Muhammad Farooq Shahzad M A Basra Abdul Wahid Nazir Ahmad department of Agronomy University of AgricultureFaisalabad department of Crop Physiology University of AgricultureFaisalabad department of Botany University of AgricultureFaisalabad

In this study influence of different seed priming treatments on the nutrient-homeostasis and reserve metabolism during seedling emergence and growth of rice were determined. Seed priming treatments included pre-germination, hydropriming for 48 h, osmohardening with KCl and CaCl2, ascorbate priming and hardening. All treatments shortened the emergence time and enhanced the energy and index of seedling emergence. Seedlings from primed seeds had greater length, number of roots and fresh and dry mass than control. Among the treatments, CaCl2, ascorbate and KCl proved better in enhancing emergence and seedling growth. Seed priming changed the pattern of N and Ca^2＋ homeostasis both of the seeds and seedlings, which were associated to enhancing s-amylase activity and reducing sugars content. Positive correlations of seedling attributes with nutrient content suggested that as a result of seed priming, most of N and Ca^2＋ were partitioned to embryo, which enhanced seedling emergence and subsequent growth of rice seedlings.

关键词： rice α-amylase activity nutrient homeostasis seedling emergence seedling vigor

Impact of Tillage and Herbicides on Weed Density, Yield and Quality of Cotton in Wheat Based Cropping System

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Journal of Integrative agriculture 2013年第9期12卷 1568-1579页

作者： Khalid Usman Niamatullah Khan Muhammad Umar Khan Aziz ur Rehman Said Ghulam department of Agronomy Faculty of AgricultureGomal University department of agriculture Chemistry Faculty of AgricultureGomal University department of Soil & Environmental Sciences Faculty of AgricultureGomal University

Conservation tillage may improve yield of cotton in addition to improvement in soil quality if practiced for longer period. However, the practice may not be productive in short-term particularly when severe weeds are infesting the crops such as Cynodon dactylon, Conyza canadensis, Tribulus terrestris, and Cyperus rotundus, etc. Recent studies indicate that conventional tillage （CT） is more productive than zero tillage （ZT）/reduced tillage （RT）. Performance of cotton under three tillage systems, viz., ZT, RT and CT; and five herbicides, i.e., haloxyfop-R-methyl 10.8 EC （108 g a.i. ha^-1）, lactofen 24 EC （168 g a.i. ha^-1）, haloxyfop 10.8 EC ＋ lactofen 24 EC, hand weeding, and weedy check were evaluated during 2010-2011 at Gomal University, ***, Pakistan, to explore the best management option for effective weed control, enhanced yield and quality of cotton grown after wheat. The results revealed that hand weeding and Haloxyfop as post emergence alone or in combination with Lactofen reduced weed density to the minimum irrespective of the tillage systems. Excessive rainfall and cooler temperature limited cotton growth and yield in 2010. The adverse weather conditions had more adverse effect on boll weight under ZT and RT than CT. Haloxyfop ＋ lactofen produced higher seed cotton yield in RT than ZT, however, it could not exceed CT. Broad-spectrum herbicides x CT produced the highest number of bolls/plant, boll weight and seed cotton yield. Fiber quality and net returns were also the highest in broad-spectrum herbicides x CT. In conclusion, broad-spectrum herbicides under CT were more productive in wheat based cropping system on silty clay soil of ***.

关键词： tillage herbicide cotton seed cotton yield weed density net return

Development of Pasteuria penetrans in Meloidogyne javanica females as affected by constantly high vs fluctuating temperature in an in-vivo system

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2005年第3期6卷 155-157页

作者： DARBAN D.A. GOWEN S.R PEMBROKE B. MAHAR A.N department of agriculture School of agriculture Policy and Development The University of Reading UK Department of Agriculture School of Agriculture Policy and Development The University of Reading UKDepartment of Agriculture School of Agriculture Policy and Development The University of Reading UKDepartment of Agriculture School of Agriculture Policy and Development The University of Reading UK

Growth room and glasshouse experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of constant and fluctuating tem- peratures on the development of Pasteuria penetrans a hyperparasite of root-knot nematodes. Tomato plants (Lycopersicon es- culentum Mill) were inoculated with Meloidogyne javanica second-stage juveniles attached with endospores of P. penetrans and were grown in growth room at 26?29 °C and in glasshouse at 20?32 °C. The tomato plants were sampled from the growth room after 600 degree-days based on 17 °C/d, accumulating each day above a base temperature of 10 °C and from the glasshouse after 36 calendar days. Temperature affected the development of P. penetrans directly. The rate of development at constant temperature in growth room was faster than that in the glasshouse at fluctuating temperatures.

关键词： Pasteuria penetrans Meloidogyne javanica Development and tomato plants

Effect of chromium on growth attributes in sunflower(Helianthus annuus L.)

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第12期20卷 1475-1480页

作者： FOZIA Andaleeb MUHAMMAD Anjum Zia MUHAMMAD Ashraf ZAFAR Mahmood Khalid National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Agriculture department of Botany University of Agriculture

Heavy metal soil pollution takes place when the metal concentration of soil exceeds natural background level and causes ecological destruction and deterioration of the *** the present study,a pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of chromium-contaminated soil in sunflower(Helianthus annuus L.)growth *** different levels of chromium(Cr)i.e.,20, 40,and 60 mg/kg were applied to three varieties of sunflower(G-3,G-9,and G-59).The results of morphological,chemical,and yield p...

关键词： Helianthus annuus L. soil chromium growth attributes

Effects of Mg2+ on the binding of the CREB/CRE complex:Full-atom molecular dynamics simulations

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Chinese Physics B 2019年第7期28卷 542-548页

作者： Song Mao Shuai Wang Haiyou Deng Ming Yi department of Physics Huazhong Agriculture University

Metal ions play critical roles in the interaction between deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA) and *** experimental research has demonstrated that the Mg^2+ ion can affect the binding between transcription factor and *** our work,by full-atom molecular dynamic simulation, the effects of the Mg^2+ ion on the cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)response element binding protein(CREB)/cAMP response elements(CRE) complex are *** is illustrated that the number of hydrogen bonds formed at the interface between protein and DNA is significantly increased when the Mg^2+ ion is ***, an obvious change in the structure of the DNA is *** the DNA base groove and base pair parameters are *** find that, due to the introduction of the Mg2+ ion, the DNA base major groove becomes narrower.A potential mechanism for this observation is *** is confirmed that the Mg^2+ ion can enhance the stability of the DNA–protein complex.

关键词： cAMP response element binding protein(CREB) molecular dynamics(MD) simulation hydrogen bond Mg2+ ion

Baptism by fire: the pivotal role of ancient conflagrations in evolution of the Earth's flora

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National Science Review 2018年第2期5卷 237-254页

作者： Tianhua He Byron B.Lamont department of Environment and agriculture Curtin University

Fire became a defining feature of the Earth's processes as soon as land plants evolved 420 million years ago and has played a major role in shaping the composition and physiognomy of many ecosystems ever ***, there remains a general lack of appreciation of the place of fire in the origin, evolution, ecology and conservation of the Earth's biodiversity. We review the literature on the presence of fire throughout the Earth's history following the evolution of land plants and examine the evidence for the origin and evolution of adaptive functional traits, biomes and major plant groups in relation to fire. We show that:(1) fire activities have fluctuated throughout geological time due to variations in climate, and more importantly in atmospheric oxygen, as these affected fuel levels and flammability;(2) fire promoted the early evolution and spread of major terrestrial plant groups;(3) fire has shaped the floristics, structure and function of major global biomes; and(4) fire has initiated and maintained the evolution of a wide array of fire-adapted functional traits since the evolution of land plants. We conclude that fire has been a fundamental agent of natural selection on terrestrial plants throughout the history of life on the Earth's land surface. We suggest that a paradigm shift is required to reassess ecological and evolutionary theories that exclude a role for fire,and also there is a need to review fire-suppression policies on ecosystem management and biodiversity conservation in global fire-prone regions.

关键词： angiosperms ecosystems fossil charcoal palaeo-atmospheric oxygen terrestrial floras wildfire