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Scales of snow depth variability in high elevation rangeland sagebrush

Frontiers of Earth science 2017年第3期11卷 469-481页

作者： Molly E. TEDESCHE Steven R. FASSNACHT Paul J. MEIMAN Watershed science Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523-1476 USA Intemational Arctic Research Center Water & Environmental Research Center Institute of Northern Engineering University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks AK 99775 USA Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere Fort Collins CO 80523-1375 USA Natural Resources ecology laboratory Fort Collins CO 80523-1499 USA Abt. Kartographie GIS & Femerkundung Geographisches Institut Georg-August-Universitat Gottingen 37077 Gottingen Germany Rangeland Ecosystem science Department of Forest and Rangeland Stewardship Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 USA

In high elevation semi-arid rangelands, sage- brush and other shrubs can affect transport and deposition of wind-blown snow, enabling the formation of snowdrifts. Datasets from three field experiments were used to investigate the scales of spatial variability of snow depth around big mountain sagebrush （Artemisia tridentata Nutt.） at a high elevation plateau rangeland in North Park, Colorado, during the winters of 2002, 2003, and 2008. Data were collected at multiple resolutions （0.05 to 25 m） and extents （2 to 1000 m）. Finer scale data were collected specifically for this study to examine the correlation between snow depth; sagebrush microtopogra- phy, the ground surface, and the snow surface, as well as the temporal consistency of snow depth patterns. Vario- grams were used to identify the spatial structure and the Moran＇s I statistic was used to determine the spatial correlation. Results show some temporal consistency in snow depth at several scales. Plot scale snow depth variability is partly a function of the nature of individual shrubs, as there is some correlation between the spatial structure of snow depth and sagebrush, as well as between the ground and snow depth. The optimal sampling resolution appears to be 25-cm, but over a large area, this would require a multitude of samples, and thus a random stratified approach is recommended with a fine measurement resolution of 5-cm.

关键词： snow hydrology high elevation rangelands,spatial statistics variograms snow pack spatial variability,snow drifts

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Chromosome-level genome assembly of the glass catfish(Kryptopterus vitreolus)reveals molecular clues to its transparent phenotype

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Zoological Research 2024年第5期45卷 1027-1036页

作者： Chao Bian Rui-Han Li Zhi-Qiang Ruan Wei-Ting Chen Yu Huang Li-Yue Liu Hong-Ling Zhou Cheong-Meng Chong Xi-Dong Mu Qiong Shi laboratory of Aquatic Genomics College of Life Sciences and OceanographyShenzhen UniversityShenzhenGuangdong 518057China Key laboratory of Prevention and Control for Aquatic Invasive Alien Species Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsGuangdong Modern.Recreational Fisheries Engineering Technology CenterPearl River Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery SciencesGuangzhouGuangdong 510380China Shenzhen Key Lab of marine Genomics Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic AnimalsBGI Academy of Marine SciencesBGI MarineShenzhenGuangdong 518081China CAS Key laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization&Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesChengduSichuan 610041China School of Life sciences Jiaying UniversityMeizhouGuangdong 514015China China Zebrafish Resource Center National Aquatic Biological Resource CenterState Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and BiotechnologyInstitute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of ScienceWuhanHubei 430072China Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureGenome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518116China State Key laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine Institute of Chinese Medical SciencesUniversity of MacaoMacaoMacao 999078China Center for Aquatic Genomics College of Life SciencesNeijiang Normal UniversityNeijiangSichuan 641100China

Glass catfish(Kryptopterus vitreolus)are notable in the aquarium trade for their highly transparent body *** transparency is due to the loss of most reflective iridophores and light-absorbing melanophores in the main body,although certain black and silver pigments remain in the face and *** date,however,the molecular mechanisms underlying this transparent phenotype remain largely *** explore the genetic basis of this transparency,we constructed a chromosome-level haplotypic genome assembly for the glass catfish,encompassing 32 chromosomes and 23344 protein-coding genes,using PacBio and Hi-C sequencing technologies and standard assembly and annotation *** revealed a premature stop codon in the putative albinism-related tyrp1b gene,encoding tyrosinase-related protein 1,rendering it a nonfunctional ***,a synteny comparison with over 30 other fish species identified the loss of the endothelin-3(edn3b)gene in the glass catfish *** investigate the role of edn3b,we generated edn3b^(−/−)mutant zebrafish,which exhibited a remarkable reduction in black pigments in body surface stripes compared to wild-type *** findings indicate that edn3b loss contributes to the transparent phenotype of the glass *** high-quality chromosome-scale genome assembly and identification of key genes provide important molecular insights into the transparent phenotype of glass *** findings not only enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying transparency in glass catfish,but also offer a valuable genetic resource for further research on pigmentation in various animal species.

关键词： Glass catfish Whole-genome sequencing edn3b−/−mutant Transparent phenotype

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Responses of CH_4 Emissions to Nitrogen Addition and Spartina alterniflora Invasion in Minjiang River Estuary, Southeast of China

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Chinese Geographical science 2014年第5期24卷 562-574页

作者： MOU Xiaojie LIU Xingtu TONG Chuan SUN Zhigao Key laboratory of Wetland ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Centre of Wetlands in Sub-tropical Regions Key Laboratory of Humid Sub-tropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education Fujian Normal University Key laboratory of Coastal Environment Processes Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research Chinese Academy of Sciences

The nitrogen （N） input and Spartina alterniflora invasion in the tidal marsh of the southeast of China are increasingly serious. To evaluate CH4 emissions in the tidal marsh as affected by the N inputs and S. alterniflora invasion, we measured CH4 emissions from plots with vegetated S. alterniflora and native Cyperus malaccensis, and fertilized with exogenous N at the rate of 0 （NO）, 21 （N1） and 42 （N2） g N/（***）, respectively, in the Shanyutan marsh in the Minjiang River estuary, the southeast of China. The average CH4 fluxes during the experiment in the C. malaccensis and S. alterniflora plots without N addition were 3.67 mg CHa/（m2.h） and 7.79 mg CH4/（m2-h）, respectively, suggesting that the invasion of S. alterniflora into the Minjiang River estuary stimulated CH4 emission. Exogenous N had positive effects on CH4 fluxes both in native and in invaded tidal marsh. The mean CH4 fluxes of NI and N2 treat- ments increased by 31.05% and 123.50% in the C. malaccensis marsh, and 63.88% and 7.55% in the S. alterniflora marsh, respectively, compared to that of NO treatment. The CH4 fluxes in the two marshes were positively correlated with temperature and pH, and nega- tively correlated with electrical conductivity and redox potential （Eh） at different N addition treatments. While the relationships between CH4 fluxes and environmental variables （especially soil temperature, pH and Eh at different depths） tended to decrease with N additions. Significant temporal variability in CH4 fluxes were observed as the N was gradually added to the native and invaded marshes. In order to better assess the global climatic role of tidal marshes as affected by N addition, much more attention should be paid to the short-term temporal variability in CH4 emission.

关键词： nitrogen addition CH4 emission tidal marsh Spartina alterniflora invasion temporal variability

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Microbial community structure and nitrogenase gene diversity of sediment from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent field on the Southwest Indian Ridge

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2014年第10期33卷 94-104页

作者： WU Yuehong CAO Yi WANG Chunsheng WU Min AHARON Oren XU Xuewei laboratory of marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry Second Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration State Key laboratory of Microbial Resources Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Life sciences Zhejiang University Department of Plant and environmental sciences the Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences The Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalem 91904 Israel The Hebrew University of Jerusalem The Edmond J. Safra CampusGivat Ram Jerusalem 91904 Israel

A sediment sample was collected from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent field located at a depth of 2 951 m on the Southwest Indian Ridge. Phylogenetic analyses were performed on the prokaryotic community using polymerase chain reaction（PCR） amplification of the 16 S rRNA and nifH genes. Within the Archaea, the dominant clones were from marine benthic group E（MBGE） and marine group I（MGI） belonging to the phyla Euryarchaeota and Thaumarchaeota, respectively. More than half of the bacterial clones belonged to the Proteobacteria, and most fell within the Gammaproteobacteria. No epsilonproteobacterial sequence was observed. Additional phyla were detected including the Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, Acidobacteria, Nitrospirae, Chloroflexi, Chlorobi, Chlamydiae, Verrucomicrobia, and candidate divisions OD1, OP11, WS3 and TM6, confirming their existence in hydrothermal vent environments. The detection of nifH gene suggests that biological nitrogen fixation may occur in the hydrothermal vent field of the Southwest Indian Ridge. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that only Clusters I and III NifH were present. This is consistent with the phylogenetic analysis of the microbial 16 S rRNA genes, indicating that Bacteria play the main role in nitrogen fixation in this hydrothermal vent environment.

关键词： deep-sea hydrothermal vent microbial diversity 16S rRNA gene nifH gene

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Review of Nodule Mineral Image Segmentation Algorithms for Deep-Sea Mineral Resource Assessment

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第10期73卷 1649-1669页

作者： Wei Song Lihui Dong Xiaobing Zhao Jianxin Xia Tongmu Liu Yuxi Shi School of Information and Engineering Minzu University of ChinaBeijing100081China Key laboratory of marine environmental Survey Technology and Application Ministry of Natural ResourceGuangzhou510300China National Language Resource Monitoring&Research Center of Minority Languages Minzu University of ChinaBeijing100081China School of Ocean science China University of GeosciencesBeijing100191China Department of Buoy Engineering South China Sea Marine Survey and Technology Center of State Oceanic AdministrationGuangzhou510310China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering New Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkNJ07102USA

A large number of nodule minerals exist in the deep *** on the factors of difficulty in shooting,high economic cost and high accuracy of resource assessment,large-scale planned commercial mining has not yet been *** experimental mining has been carried out in areas with high mineral density and obvious benefits after mineral resource *** an efficient method for deep-sea mineral resource assessment,the deep towing system is equipped with a visual system for mineral resource analysis using collected images and videos,which has become a key component of resource ***,high accuracy in deep-sea mineral image segmentation is the primary goal of the segmentation *** this paper,the existing deep-sea nodule mineral image segmentation algorithms are studied in depth and divided into traditional and deep learning-based segmentation methods,and the advantages and disadvantages of each are compared and *** deep learning methods show great advantages in deep-sea mineral image segmentation,and there is a great improvement in segmentation accuracy and efficiency compared with the traditional ***,the mineral image dataset and segmentation evaluation metrics are ***,possible future research topics and improvement measures are discussed for the reference of other researchers.

关键词： Polymetallic nodule deep-sea mining image segmentation deep learning

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Lake-level records support a mid-Holocene maximum precipitation in northern China

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science China Earth sciences 2021年第1期64卷 2161-2171页

作者： Jiantao CAO Zhiguo RAO Fuxi SHI Ergang LIAN Guodong JIA State Key laboratory of marine Geology Tongji UniversityShanghai200092China Key laboratory of Ecological and environmental Change in Subtropical Zone College of Geographic ScienceHunan Normal UniversityChangsha410081China Wuyishanxipo Observation and Research Station of Forest Ecosystem Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake WatershedCollege of ForestryJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang330045China

Lake level and its inferred East Asian summer monsoon(EASM)evolution in northern boundary of EASM during the Holocene are highly ***,we present a 15-ka record of glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers(GDGTs)in a closed lake in northern China to address this *** and downcore sediment data demonstrate sedimentary GDGT-0 and branched GDGTs(brGDGTs)are of aquatic *** of GDGT-0 and brGDGTs increase but brGDGT-based paleo-temperature proxy decreases with water depth in surface sediments along a nearshore to offshore *** trend is likely due to an increasingly hypoxic condition,favored by anaerobic microbes producing these GDGT-0 and brGDGTs,in bottom ***,brGDGT-derived water temperature and pH would reflect bottom water conditions that are largely regulated by water depth of the *** GDGT data and their derived temperature and pH consistently reveal a gradually increasing lake level from the late Pleistocene to the early Holocene,a high level during 9.5-5 ka BP and a decreasing trend *** lake-level records from independent and robust proxies in this study largely agree with pollen records in the region,supporting a mid-Holocene maximum EASM precipitation.

关键词： Lake level membrane lipids East Asian summer monsoon Holocene northern China

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Response to a High-Altitude Earthquake:The Yushu Earthquake Example

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International Journal of Disaster Risk science 2011年第1期2卷 43-53页

作者： Jifu Liu Yida Fan Peijun Shi Key laboratory of environmental Change and Natural Disasters Ministry of Education of ChinaBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management Ministry of Civil Affairs and Ministry of EducationBeijing 100875China National Disaster Reduction Center Ministry of Civil AffairsBeijing 100053China State Key laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

At 07:49, 14 April 2010, the Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai Province on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China was struck by a magnitude 7.1 earthquake, with the epicenter located at 33.1° N and 96.7° E and at an altitude of 4300 m, and an epicentral intensity of Modified Mercalli scale IX. It was the first strong earthquake that struck the high-altitude, hypoxia-prone Tibetan plateau primarily inhabited by ethnic minorities since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, which has caused a huge loss of lives and property and adversely impacted the economic and social development of the area. The 2010 Yushu Earthquake was an earthquake disaster with the greatest destruction, widest spatial extent, and greatest difficulty for relief efforts in the history of Yushu, involving 19 townships in six counties of the prefecture. As verified by the Ministry of Civil Affairs, Ministry of Public Security, and the Yushu Prefecture Government, the earthquake killed 2698 people and caused government agencies to list 270 missing persons, who were mostly in Jiegu Town of Yushu County. The earthquake also caused a direct economic loss of RMB 44 billion Yuan. The severe environmental conditions in Yushu and limited infrastructural support for disaster relief to remediate the impacts on the earthquake victims were also rare in the history of earthquake disaster relief. This article focuses on the characteristics of the high-altitude Yushu Earthquake assessment and response, and summarizes the experiences and lessons of government and society in responding to this earthquake. The assessment of and response to the Yushu Earthquake will provide helpful references for high plateau earthquake response in the future.

关键词： earthquake Earthquake disaster

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Multiaxial Fatigue Analyses of Stress Joints for Deepwater Steel Catenary Risers

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China Ocean Engineering 2012年第4期26卷 713-722页

作者：郑文青杨和振李清泉 State Key laboratory of Ocean Engineering School of Naval ArchitectureOcean and Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong University marine Design & Research Institute of China

In the present study, the dynamic and fatigue characteristics of two types of stress joints are investigated under ocean environmental condition. Connected with the riser and the platform, stress joint at the vessel hang-off position should be one of the main critical design challenges for a steel catenary riser （SCR） in deepwater. When the riser is under a high pressure and deepwater working condition, the stress state for the joint is more complex, and the fatigue damage is easy to occur at this position. Stress joint discussed in this paper includes two types： Tapered Stress Joint （TSJ） and Sleeved Stress Joint （SSJ）, and multiaxial fatigue analysis results are given for comparison. Global dynamic analysis for an SCR is performed first, and then the local boundary conditions obtained from the previous analysis are applied to the stress joint FE model for the later dynamic and multiaxial fatigue analysis. Results indicate that the stress level is far lower than the yield limit of material and the damage induced by fatigue needs more attention. Besides, the damage character of the two types of stress joints differs： for TSJ, the place where the stress joint connects with the riser is easy to occur fatigue damage; for SSJ, the most probable position is at the place where the end of the inner sleeve pipe contacts with the riser body. Compared with SSJ, TSJ shows a higher stress level but better fatigue performance, and it will have a higher material cost. In consideration of various factors, designers should choose the most suitable type and also geometric parameters.

关键词： steel catenary riser stress joint dynamic analysis fatigue analysis deepwater

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Taxonomic notes on Anthomedusae(Cnidaria) from the south-central South China Sea Ⅲ:Family Pandeidae

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Zoological Systematics 2020年第1期45卷 15-23页

作者： Lianggen Wang Feiyan Du Zhenzu Xu Jiaqi Huang Donghui Guo South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery ScienceGuangzhou 510300China Key laboratory of Fishery ecology and Environment of Guangdong Province Guangzhou 510300China College of Ocean and Earth sciences Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China

The present paper reviews all 14 genera and 46 species belonging to the family Pandeidae from the China seas. Two new species, Leuckartiara ruberiverruca Xu, Guo & Du, sp. nov. and Merga longicosta Xu, Huang & Wang, sp. nov., from the south-central South China Sea, are described and illustrated. Keys to the known genera of family Pandeidae in the China seas and to all known species of the genus Merga are provided. Other data are briefly summarized to the list of species presented in the family Pandeidae in the China seas. The type species were deposited at the South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery science.

关键词： Anthomedusae Pandeidae new species South China Sea.

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Biodiversity of freshwater ciliates(Protista,Ciliophora)in the Lake Weishan Wetland,China:the state of the

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marine Life science & Technology 2022年第4期4卷 429-451页

作者： Zhe Wang Yong Chi Tao Li Wenya Song Yunfeng Wang Tong Wu Gongaote Zhang Yujie Liu Honggang Ma Weibo Song Khaled A.S.Al-Rasheid Alan Warren Borong Lu Institute of Evolution and marine Biodiversity Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China marine College Shandong UniversityWeihai 264209China Laoshan laboratory Qingdao 266237China Zoology Department College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Department of Life sciences Natural History MuseumLondon SW75BDUK

Ciliates are core components of the structure of and function of aquatic microbial food *** play an essential role in the energy flow and material circulation within aquatic ***,studies on the taxonomy and biodiversity of freshwater ciliates,especially those in wetlands in China are *** address this issue,a project to investigate the freshwater ciliates of the Lake Weishan Wetland,Shandong Province,commenced in ***,we summarize our findings to date on the diversity of ciliates.A total of 187 ciliate species have been found,94 of which are identified to species-level,87 to genus-level,and six to *** species show a high morphological diversity and represent five classes,i.e.,Heterotrichea,Litostomatea,Prostomatea,Oligohymenophorea,and *** largest number of species documented are oligohymenophoreans.A comprehensive database of these ciliates,including morphological data,gene sequences,microscope slide specimens and a DNA bank,has been *** the present study,we provide an annotated checklist of retrieved ciliates as well as information on the sequences of published *** of these species are recorded in China for the first time and more than 20%are tentatively identified as new to ***,an investigation of environmental DNA revealed that the ciliate species diversity in Lake Weishan Wetland is higher than previously supposed.

关键词： environmental DNA Protozoa Species diversity Taxonomy

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