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Journal of Earth Science and Engineering 2014年第4期4卷 245-255页

作者： Baghdadi Boukerma Laboratory of Hydrology and management of water resources University of Sciences and Technology Oran 31000 Algeria

The plain of Mascara includes groundwater resources, heavily exploited for the needs of the population, industry and agriculture. However, this resource is under threat from the point of view of quality and quantity. The degradation of water quality comes from water discharges untreated （domestic and/or industrial） and from the irrational use of fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture. The decrease in reserves is due to the effects of intensive exploitation. Several studies on the water resources of the plain generated a mass of very important data. In most cases, these data are disparate at different institutions managers （water resources, environment, etc.）, and are found recorded in paper documents, difficult to exploit. For this reason, it would be essential to use reliable new techniques, namely the GIS （geographic information systems）. The implementation of the GIS of the plain of Mascara （with extension to all the sub-basin of Wadi Fekan） must permit to organize the data and transform it into information. Integration, crossing and superposition of the data with other variables may contribute to spatial analysis and generate very important thematic maps. The GIS constitutes a very effective decision aid tool for the management, exploitation, preservation and protection of water resources. The exploitation possibilities of GIS are multiple, direct or indirect. We give an example as the coupling with a groundwater flow model that may be the subject of additional work.

关键词： management resources water geographic information systems Mascara.

management of water resources in Iraq: Perspectives and Prognoses

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Engineering（科研） 2013年第8期5卷 667-684页

作者： Nadhir A.Al-Ansari Department of Civil Environmental and Natural Resources and EngineeringLulea University of TechnologyLuleaSweden

Iraq is one of the Middle East and North African countries (MENA region). The country is currently facing a serious water shortage problem. This problem is expected to be more severe in the future where the supply is predicted to be 43 and 17.61 Billion Cubic Meters (BCM) in 2015 and 2025 respectively while current demand is estimated to be between 66.8 and 77 BCM. It has been estimated that the Tigris and Euphrates river discharges will continue to decrease with time, and they will be completely dry by 2040. Serious, prudent and quick measures need to be taken to overcome this problem. The government should take measures to have a strategic water management vision, including regional cooperation and coordination, research and development, improving agriculture and sanitation sector as well as public awareness program. These measures are required in order to address the following topics: Strategic water management Vision, Regional cooperation and coordination, Irrigation and Agriculture, water Supply and Sanitation, and Research and Development.

关键词： water management Iraq water resources of Iraq

Shared management of water resources among Sovereign States in Latin America: The Case of the River Plate Basin

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2016年第8期7卷 1089-1095页

作者： Olga Kelman Brocki Calhman Monica da Hora Environmental water resources Laboratory Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering Fluminense Federal University Niteroi Rio de Janeiro Brazil Master’s Program in Civil Defense and Security Fluminense Federal University Niteroi Rio de Janeiro Brazil

The present article sought to address the issue of shared management of water resources among sovereign states in Latin America, focusing on the hydrographic basin of the River Plate. The methodology of the Transboundary waters Assessment Programme for river basins proposed by the United Nations was used to evaluate risks within current and future scenarios. The results obtained allow the inference that the River Plate basin is in a moderate-risk category. However, high and very high risk values were observed for the pollution, dams and economic reliance indicators, which in the future horizon could promote conflicts regarding water resource use. In conclusion, states should establish their priorities and clear rules for monitoring, use and surveillance of water. This process should be done in an integrated manner, with due regard for international arrangements, and should be compatible with the policies and management instruments of the countries involved.

关键词： Transboundary Rivers water Politics water Use Conflicts Risk

Achieving Sustainable Use and management of water resources for Irrigation in Nigeria

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Journal of Environmental & Earth Sciences 2020年第2期2卷 47-55页

作者： Moses Oghenenyoreme Eyankware Ezekiel Obinna Igwe Christopher Ogwah Ruth Oghenerukevwe Eyankware Ulakpa Department of Geology Ebonyi State UniversityAbakaliki Ebonyi State Nigeria Geo-Moses Consultancy Limited.Warri Delta State Niaeria Department of Environment management and Pollution Control Nigeria Maritime UniversityOkerenkokoDelta StateNigeria

water resource is available in Nigeria to meet water demand for domestic,agricultural and industrial *** well enhanced and protected from various source of ***,less information is available on suitability of water resources for irrigation use in *** article reviews literature of the past with regards to influence of geogenic and anthropogenic activities on water resource for irrigation purpose in Nigeria and also to explain the current state of suitability of water resource for irrigation studies in Nigeria and gaps in *** also summarizes future ways on water resource management and preventive measure for water resource pollution for irrigation *** articles were downloaded from Google scholar in water-related *** paper tends to review previous article on water resource in Nigeria,and its suitability for *** primary aim of this paper is to produce a synoptic overview of the water resources in Nigeria and its suitability for irrigation *** paper reviewed it was observed that 89%of water resources was considered suitable for irrigation.

关键词： Geogenic Anthropogenic Irrigation indices Suitability and Nigeria

The Amazon Basin in the Context of Shared management of Transboundary water resources

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Journal of water Resource and Protection 2017年第6期9卷 629-636页

作者： Olga Kelman Brocki Calhman Monica de A. G. M. da Hora Environmental water resources Laboratory Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering Fluminense Federal Uni-versity Niteroi Rio de Janeiro Brazil Master’s Program in Civil Defense and Security Fluminense Federal University Niteroi Rio de Janeiro Brazil

The present study addresses the issue of shared management of transboundary water resources, using the Amazon river basin as a case study. To evaluate risks, two scenarios (current and future) were simulated using the methodology proposed by the Transboundary waters Assessment Programme River Basins. The results obtained allowed the inference that the Amazon Basin, considering all indicators, is in the “moderate” category of risk within the current scenario. In turn, when only the “governance” indicator is considered, reflected through projected water politics tensions, the risk category for the basin becomes “high”, both in the current and future scenarios (2030 and 2050). In conclusion, it is recommended that states should establish clear priorities and rules for water resource monitoring, use and supervision.

关键词： water Politics water Use Conflicts Risk

Current Situation and management Experience of water resources Development and Utilization in The United States

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Current Situation and Management Experience of Water Resourc...

Runoff and Infiltration responses of revegetated slopes to clipping management on the northern Loess Plateau

作者： Chao LIU Qiang YAN Xiaoyuan ZHANG Ting ZHAO Institute of Mineral resources Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Research Center for Global Mineral resources Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences MNR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment Institute of Mineral ResourcesCAGS School of Earth Sciences and resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)

This paper analyzes the current situation of water resources development and utilization in the United States from the water resources overview and water use situation in the United States,and introduces the US water resources management experience from the aspects of water resources management system,management policy change,future development direction and management *** analyzing the current situation of water resources development and utilization and water resources management in the United States,it is proposed to pay attention to the application of non-engineering measures in water resources management,strengthen the cooperation of government,enterprises and the public in water resources management,give play to the role of the market in water price formulation,and pay attention to water environmental protection.

关键词： The United States water resources management experience

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International Soil and water Conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 171-183页

作者： Qilin He Binbin Li Fengbao Zhang Nan Shen Mingyi Yang The Research Center of Soil and water Conservation and Ecological Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of EducationYanglingShaanxi712100China Institute of Soil and water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water ResourcesYanglingShaanxi712100China Institute of Soil and water Conservation Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi712100China water and Soil Conservation Monitoring Center of Ministry of water resources Beijing100053China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Large-scale vegetation restoration can reduce local watershed water yield,limit vegetation establishment and subsequent growth,and influence regional ecosystem *** management by reducing aboveground parts of grassland was gradually recommended and adopted in Grain-for-Green project management to offset these additional ***,scientific evaluation of the effectiveness of clipping management on infiltration and runoff processes is necessary for maintaining the stability of the surface water system and the sustainability of vegetation restoration in semi-arid regions.A field simulated rainfall experiment was conducted with four managed clipping grasslands(mainly bunge needlegrass and Stipa grandis),including no clipping,light clipping,heavy clipping,and complete clipping under three slope gradients(10,20,and 30°)and three rainfall intensities(60,90,and 120 mm/h)to explore the mechanism of runoff and infiltration responses to clipping using structural equation modeling and variation partitioning based on an SCS-CN *** results showed the runoff coefficient of the light clipping,heavy clipping,and complete clipping plots were 1.33,2.22,and 4.22 times that of the no clipping *** light clipping,heavy clipping,and complete clipping plots decreased the infiltration coefficients by 0%,5%,and 26%relative to the no clipping *** intensity dominated runoff and infiltration amounts,and clipping intensity's total effect was stronger than slope *** intensity and slope gradient were more influential on runoff with increasing rainfall *** mutual inhibition effect was between clipping intensity and slope gradient on *** order to maintain the sustainability of restoration,a 25-50%vegetation coverage after clipping maximizes the benefits of increasing runoff and maintaining enough soil water supply that prevents possible soil *** propose that future vegetation restoration policies should evaluate the appropriat

关键词： Runoff Infiltration Grassland clipping management SCS-CN model Structural equation model Variation partitioning

Assessment of runoff changes in the sub-basin of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin, China based on multiple methods

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第4期16卷 461-482页

作者： WANG Xingbo ZHANG Shuanghu TIAN Yiman Department of water resources China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower ResearchBeijing 100038China College of Hydrology and water resources Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China

Quantitative assessment of the impact of climate variability and human activities on runoff plays a pivotal role in water resource management and maintaining ecosystem *** study considered six sub-basins in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin,China,to reveal the trend of the runoff evolution and clarify the driving factors of the changes during 1956–*** regression,Mann-Kendall test,and sliding t-test were used to study the trend of the hydrometeorological elements,while cumulative distance level and ordered clustering methods were applied to identify mutation *** contributions of climate change and human disturbance to runoff changes were quantitatively assessed using three methods,i.e.,the rainfall-runoff relationship method,slope variation method,and variable infiltration capacity(Budyko)hypothesis ***,the availability and stability of the three methods were *** results showed that the runoff in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin exhibited a decreasing trend from 1956 to 2020,with an abrupt change in *** attribution analysis,the runoff series could be divided into two phases,i.e.,1961–1985(baseline period)and 1986–2020(changing period);and it was found that the rainfall-runoff relationship method with precipitation as the representative of climate factors had limited usability compared with the other two methods,while the slope variation and Budyko hypothesis methods had highly consistent *** factors showed different effects in the sub-basins of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River ***,human disturbance was the main factor that contributed to the runoff changes,accounting for 53.0%–82.0%;and the contribution of climate factors to the runoff change was 17.0%–47.0%,making it the secondary factor,in which precipitation was the most representative climate *** results provide insights into how climate and anthropogenic changes synergistically influence the runoff of t

关键词： economic belt runoff change influencing assessment climate human activities

Evaluating the necessity of autumn irrigation on salinized soil by considering changes in soil physicochemical properties

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Pedosphere 2024年第4期34卷 837-842页

作者： Hang ZHAO Jingwei WU Changsen LI Yawen LIU Rui ZHANG Qiang ZHAO State Key Laboratory of water resources Engineering and management Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

Dear Editor,Soil salinization is one of the main forms of global soil degradation,which seriously threatens food security production (Liu et al.,2022).Proper irrigation is the main management measure to control soil salinization (Aragüés et al.,2015;Machado and Serralheiro,2017).For example,in Hetao Irrigation District in Inner Mongolia of northwestern China,the effects of irrigation,seasonal freezing-thawing,and evaporation have led to serious soil salinization *** the 1980s,autumn irrigation (AI) has typically been implemented widely in Hetao Irrigation District before soil freezing (Li et al.,2010;Lu et al.,2019),to leach the salts accumulated on the surface and maintain sufficient soil moisture to create a suitable environment for the next spring sowing.

关键词： soil freezing irrigation

Cavitation research with computational fluid dynamics:From Euler-Euler to Euler-Lagrange approach

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第1期36卷 1-23页

作者： Bin Ji Zi-yang Wang Huai-yu Cheng Rickard E.Bensow State Key Laboratory of water resources Engineering and management Wuhan UniversityWuhan430072China Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburgSweden

Unsteady cavitating flow often contains vapor structures with a wide range of different length scales,from micro-bubbles to large cavities,which issues a big challenge to precisely investigate its evolution mechanism by computational fluid dynamics(CFD)*** present work reviews the development of simulation methods for cavitation,especially the emerging Euler-Lagrange ***,the progress of the numerical investigation of hot and vital issues is discussed,including cavitation inception,cloud cavitation inner structure and its formation mechanism,cavitation erosion,and cavitation *** is indicated that the Euler-Lagrange method can determine cavitation inception point *** cloud cavitation,the Euler-Lagrange method can reveal the source of microbubbles and their distribution law inside the shedding *** method also has advantages and great potential in assessing cloud cavitation-induced erosion and *** the ever-growing demands of cavitation simulation accuracy in basic research and engineering applications,how to improve the Euler-Lagrange method’s stability and applicability is still an open *** further promote the application of this advanced CFD simulation technology in cavitation research,some key issues are to be solved and feasible suggestions are put forward for further work.

关键词： numerical simulation Euler-Euler method Euler-Lagrange method bubble dynamicsgy,Gothenburg,Sweden