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Fries所著Observationes Mycologicae(cancellans issue再版)中虫草属及其相关种的名称(英文)

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菌物学报 2013年第3期32卷 462-468页

作者： Shaun R.PENNYCOOK research Associate Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research

Fries 1818年所著Observationes Mycologicae(cancellans issue再版)中,发表了虫草属Cordyceps及该属13个新组合(11个种,2个变种)。而在这部著作的原始版本中,它们是以Cordylia ***.和Cordylia属的13个组合记载的。17个在原始版本中缺... 详细信息

关键词：扁棒壳属伞菌属粪盘菌属命名星裂盘菌属炭角菌属

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A thelytokous predatory mite is more cannibalistic towards distant kin

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Current Zoology 2023年第5期69卷 578-584页

作者： Keshi Zhang Zhi-Qiang Zhang School of Biological Sciences University of Auckland3A Symonds StreetAuckland1072New Zealand and manaaki whenua-landcare research 231 Morrin RoadAuckland1072New Zealand

Kin recognition has been widely observed in various *** avoidance may be a strong driver for the evolution of kin recognition,as it may avoid a reduction in inclusive *** recognition has recently been observed in a generalist phytoseiid,Amblyseius herbicolus(Acari:Phytoseiidae).This study experimentally examined the degree of relatedness needed between prey larvae and cannibal adults of *** for the occurrence of kin *** adults were individually placed in enclosed arenas with two prey,a daughter and a more distant related larva,to observe their cannibalizing *** adults of *** did not discriminate between close relatives(daughter versus niece)but preferably cannibalized more distant kin(i.e.,first and second cousins once removed).Phenotype matching and familiarization seem prominent as recognition mechanisms used by *** *** effect of learning on kin recognition through prior contact in *** requires further *** on other adaptive functions of kin recognition of ***,such as cooperation and parental care,may provide meaningful insights.

关键词： Acari cannibalism choice test close kin discrimination kin recognition

Advances in Information Provision from Wireless Sensor Networks for Irrigated Crops

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Wireless Sensor Network 2018年第4期10卷 71-92页

作者： Jagath C. Ekanayake Carolyn B. Hedley landcare research—manaaki whenua Lincoln New Zealand

Current advances in connected sensor technologies for near real-time environmental monitoring are transforming the quality of information provision to land managers. This “Third Industrial Revolution” that connects digital sensor data analytics with adaptive services aims to transform data processing for timely decision support. The information is needed to improve irrigation scheduling, because global demand for food relies heavily on irrigation and global freshwater resources are diminishing. Previously, practitioners used visual indicators, infrequent measurements or predictive water balance models to estimate irrigation schedules. Visual indicators and infrequent measurements are approximate, and predictive models require many inputs so that likely cumulative errors cause inaccuracies in scheduling. In contrast, wireless sensor networks enable near real-time continuous measurement of soil moisture at targeted positions providing the site-specific information required for precision irrigation scheduling and efficient freshwater management. This paper describes and compares the structure, build and implementation of Crossbow, DigiMesh, and LoRa systems to deliver information on spatio-temporal soil water status and crop stress to practitioners over smart phones and webpages to improve management of irrigated land. Our study found that the newer LoRA system has advantages over the other systems, especially on flat land, with furthest node range of >10 km and advanced communication protocols that can penetrate dense vegetation. The mesh networking of the DigiMesh and Crossbow systems was preferred in hilly terrain to communicate around hills, and allows easy expansion of the network. The Crossbow system is simpler to install but presents difficulties for third party sensor integration. All systems allowed a step change in our ability to track dynamic changes in soil hydraulic properties and crop stress, to improve irrigation water use efficiency.

关键词： Micaz ZigBee DigiMesh LoRa Irrigation

Prey life stages modulate effects of predation stress on prey lifespan,development,and reproduction in mites

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Insect Science 2023年第3期30卷 844-856页

作者： Xiaoying Weil Guangyun Li Zhi-Qiang Zhang School of Biological Sciences The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering College of Plant ProtectionSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina manaaki whenua-landcare research AucklandNewZealand

The non-consumptive effects of predator-induced stress can influence a variety of life-history *** previous studies focused only on short-term effects such as development and reproductive *** studies have showed that long-term predation stress(given during the whole life of the prey)and short-term predation stress(provided during the immature stage of the prey)could generate completely opposite results:the former could decrease lifespan,whereas the later could increase ***,it is still unclear whether the advantage is because of the short duration of exposure or the early stage of life during which exposure was ***,in this study,the prey(Tyrophagus putrescentiae)was exposed to predation stress from the predator(Neoseiulus cucumeris)during different life stages(larva,protonymph,tritonymph,first 5 d of oviposition,the full lifespan or none of the above).The results showed that the predation stress supplied during larval and protonymphal stage delayed development,reduced fecundity and prolonged lifespan of the prey,while the stress given during tritonymphal stage only reduced lifespan slightly and the stress given during the first 5 d of oviposition did not change lifespan but reduced *** study indicated that the effects of predation stress are dependent on prey life stage and the predation stress experienced in the early life stages is important to lifespan modulation.

关键词： early life experience lifespan non-consumptive effects predation stress tyrophagus

Age-specific mortality and fecundity of a spider mite under diet restriction and delayed mating

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Insect Science 2022年第3期29卷 889-899页

作者： Guang-Yun Li Zhi-Qiang Zhang Centre for Biodiversity and Biosecurity School of Biological SciencesUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand manaaki whenua-landcare research AucklandNew Zealand Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering College of Plant ProtectionSouthwest UniversityChongqingChina

Numerous experimental life-history studies on aging are mainly baised on two classical models—fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster(Meigen)and nematode Caenorhab-ditis elegans(Maupas)—with relatively little attention given to other organisms with different life-history ***-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch(Acari:Tetranychidae)differs from many other arthropods in that the females continue their growth in the early adult stage and can reproduce sexually and *** this study,the influences of dietary restriction and delayed mating on the aging patterns of the spider mite were examined with the prevailing survival and reproduction trade-off hypothesis of aging being *** sex-specific responses of the spider mites were *** females showed longevity extension on diet restriction(fasting for 2 days in every 4 days)compared with their counterparts being fed ad libitum,and after delayed mating for 9 days,while the males displayed a decrease in lifespan when experiencing diet restriction but were not significantly influenced by delayed *** analysis was used to investigate the relationship between mite survival and reproduction traits,including longevity,female lifetime reproduction,age at first reproduction,early reproductive efforts and late reproductive efforts,yielding no evidence for trade-offs between these life-history *** additive effects of dietary restriction and delayed mating in lifespan extension of female spider mites were confirmed,proving that diet restriction is a robust anti-aging intervention,and that later onset of reproduction can prolong adult lifespan in females.

关键词： age-specific mortality delayed mating diet restriction reproduction sex difference trade-off

Using classification assignment rules to assess land-use change impacts on forest biodiversity at local-to-national scales

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Forest Ecosystems 2018年第2期5卷 162-176页

作者： Kathrin Affeld Susan K. Wiser Ian J. Payton Miquel DeCaceres manaaki whenua - landcare research PO Box 69040 Lincoln 7640 New Zealand Lincoln University PO Box 85084 Lincoln 7647 New Zealand Forest Science Centre of Catalonia Ctra. Sant Llorenc km.2 E-25280 Solsona Spain

Background： Ecosystem representation is one key component in assessing the biodiversity impacts of land-use changes that will irrevocably alter natural ecosystems. We show how detailed vegetation plot data can be used to assess the potential impact of inundation by a proposed hydroelectricity dam in the Mokihinui gorge, New Zealand, on representation of natural forests. Specifically we ask： 1） How well are the types of forest represented Locally, regionally, and nationally; and 2） How does the number of distinct communities （i.e. beta diversity） in the target catchment compare with other catchments nationally？ Methods： For local and regional comparisons plant species composition was recorded on 45 objectively located 400 m2 vegetation plots established in each of three gorges, with one being the proposed inundation area of the Mokihinui lower gorge. The fuzzy classification framework of noise clustering was used to assign these plots to a specific alliance and association of a pre-existing national-scale classification. NationaLly, we examined the relationship between the number of alliances and associations in a catchment and either catchment size or the number of plots per catchment by fitting Generalised Additive Models. Results： The four alliances and five associations that were observed in the Mokihinui lower gorge arepresent in the region but limited locally. One association was narrowly distributed nationally, but is the mostfrequent association in the Mokihinui lower gorge; inundation may have consequences of national importance to its long-term persistence. That the Mokihinui lower gorge area had nearly twice as many plots that could not be assigned to pre- existing alliances and associations than either the Mokihinui upper or the Karamea lower gorges and proportionally more than the national dataset emphasises the compositional distinctiveness of this gorge. These outlier plots in the Mokihinui lower gorge may be unsorted assemblages of species or reflect

关键词： Beta-diversity Biodiversity conservation Environmental impacts Ecosystem representation Hydroelectricity dams Land-use change National vegetation classification Noise clustering New Zealand NVS databank Plant community composition

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Record-breaking bifunctional oxygen electrocatalyst accomplished by a data-driven approach for zinc-air batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 144-145页

作者： Deviprasath Chinnadurai Zhi Wei Seh Institute of Materials research and Engineering (IMRE) Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR)

Rechargeable zinc-air batteries(ZABs) have recently drawn great attention in energy research due to their high theoretical capacity,low costs, and inherently safe nature [1–3]. However, the sluggish cathode reactions necessitate the development of bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts with lower ΔE indicator values. The ΔE indicator is commonly employed to quantitatively evaluate the electrocatalytic activity of a bifunctional oxygen electrocatalyst,representing the overall overpotential from oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) to oxygen evolution reaction(OER).

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Scale dependence in the phylogenetic relatedness of alien and native taxa

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第5期13卷 601-610页

作者： Chris M.McGrannachan Gillis J.Horner Melodie A.McGeoch School of Biological Sciences Faculty of ScienceMonash UniversityMelbourne 3800Australia manaaki whenua-landcare research 231 Morrin RdSt.JohnsAuckland 1072New Zealand Greening Australia Ltd PO Box 470Flinders LaneMelbourne 8009Australia

Aims Darwin’s naturalization hypothesis proposes that successfully established alien species are less closely related to native species due to differences in their ecological *** have provided support both for and against this *** reason for this is the tendency for phylogenetic clustering between aliens and natives at broad spatial scales with overdispersion at fine ***,little is known about how the phylogenetic relatedness of alien species alters the phylogenetic structure of the communities they invade,and at which spatial scales effects may ***,we examine if invaded understorey plant communities,*** both native and alien taxa,are phylogenetically clustered or overdispersed,how relatedness changes with spatial scale and how aliens affect phylogenetic patterns in understorey *** Field surveys were conducted in dry forest understorey communities in south-east Australia at five spatial scales(1,20,500,1500 and 4500 m2).Standardized effect sizes of two metrics were used to quantify phylogenetic relatedness between communities and their alien and native subcommunities,and to examine how phylogenetic patterns change with spatial scale:(i)mean pairwise distance and(ii)mean nearest taxon distance(MNTD).Important Findings Aliens were closely related to each other,and this relatedness tended to increase with *** species and the full community exhibited either no clear pattern of relatedness with increasing spatial scale or were no different from *** intermediate spatial scales(20-500 m2),the whole community tended towards random whereas the natives were strongly overdispersed and the alien subcommunity strongly *** suggests that invasion by closely related aliens shifts community phylogenetic structure from overdispersed towards *** and natives were distantly related across spatial scales,supporting Darwin’s naturalization hypothesis,but only when phylogenetic distance

关键词： alien species community phylogenetics Darwin’s naturalization hypothesis spatial scale phylogenetic beta diversity

New glucocerebrosidase antibodies can advance research in the field of neurodegenerative disorders

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第4期20卷 1085-1086页

作者： Charis Ma Krystyna Rytel Yu Chen Ellen Sidransky Medical Genetics Branch National Human Genome Research InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA

In medical research,there are times when the introduction of a new tool can launch scientific discovery in new *** antibody development may be considered mundane,in the field of glucocerebrosidase(GCase)research,the dearth of validated antibodies for different applications has impeded progress in studies of disease pathogenesis and therapeutic *** recent introduction of new,rigorously evaluated antibodies can now propel research into the link between glucocerebrosidase and Parkinson’s disease(PD)as well as aspects of the pathobiology of Gaucher disease(Jong et al.,2024).

关键词： antibodies cerebro

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