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Declining responsiveness of childhood Plasmodium falciparum infections to artemisinin-based combination treatments ten years following deployment as first-line antimalarials in Nigeria

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2019年第4期8卷 96-97页

作者： Akintunde Sowunmi Godwin Ntadom Kazeem Akano Folasade O.Ibironke Adejumoke I.Ayede Chimere Agomo Onikepe A.Folarin Grace O.Gbotosho Christian Happi Stephen Oguche Henrietta U.Okafor Martin Meremikwu Philip Agomo William Ogala Ismaila Watila Olugbenga Mokuolu Finomo Finomo Joy C.Ebenebe Nma Jiya Jose Ambe Robinson Wammanda George Emechebe Wellington Oyibo Francis Useh Temitope Aderoyeje Titilope M.Dokunmu Omobolaji T.Alebiosu Sikiru Amoo Oluwabunmi K.Basorun Olubunmi A.Wewe Chukwuebuka Okafor Odafe Akpoborie Bayo Fatunmbi Elsie O.Adewoye Nnenna M.Ezeigwe Ayoade Oduola Antimalarial Therapeutic Efficacy Monitoring Group National Malaria Elimination ProgrammeThe Federal Ministry of HealthAbujaNigeria Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics University of IbadanIbadanNigeria 不详

Background:The development and spread of artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Greater Mekong Subregion has created impetus for continuing global monitoring of efficacy of artemisinin-based combination therapies(ACTs). This post analyses is aimed to evaluate changes in early treatment response markers 10 years after the adoption of ACTs as first-line treatments of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Nigeria.Methods: At 14 sentinel sites in six geographical areas of Nigeria, we evaluated treatment responses in 1341 children under 5 years and in additional 360 children under 16 years with uncomplicated malaria enrolled in randomized trials of artemether-lumefantrine versus artesunate-amodiaquine at 5-year interval in 2009-2010 and 2014-2015 and at 2-year interval in 2009-2010 and 2012-2015, respectively after deployment in 2005.Results: Asexual parasite positivity 1 day after treatment initiation (APPD1) rose from 54 to 62% and 2 days after treatment initiation from 5 to 26% in 2009-2010 to 2014-2015(P=0.002 and P 75 000 μl^-1, haematocrit > 27% 1 day post-treatment initiatiortreatment with artemether-lumefantrine and enrolment in 2014-2015 independently predicted APPD1. In paralle , Kaplan-Meier estimated risk of recurrent infections by day 28 rose from 8 to 14% (P=0005) and from 9 to 15%(P=0.02) with artemether-lumefantrine and artesunate-amodiaquine, respectively. Mean asexual parasitaemia half-life increased significantly from 1.1 h to 1.3h within 2 years (P<0.0001).Conclusions:These data indicate declining parasitological responses through time to the two ACTs may be due to emergence of parasites with reduced susceptibility or decrease in immunity to

关键词： Declining responsiveness Falciparum malaria Children Artemisinin-based combination treatment Nigeria

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Challenges of Sustaining malaria Community Case Management in 81 Township Hospitals along the China-Myanmar Border Region—Yunnan Province,China,2020

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China CDC weekly 2021年第17期3卷 355-359页

作者： Wei Ding Shenning Lu Qiuli Xu Xuejiao Ma Bei Wang Jingbo Xue Xiaodong Sun Jianwei Xu Chris Cotter Duoquan Wang Yayi Guan Ning Xiao National Institute of Parasitic Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research)NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyWHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical DiseasesNational Center for International Research on Tropical DiseasesShanghaiChina Yunnan Institute of Parasitic Diseases PuerYunnanChina Malaria Elimination Initiative Institute for Global Health SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCAUSA.

Summary What is already known on this topic?The health workforce at township hospitals in the China-Myanmar border region has played a key role in sustaining Community case management of malaria(CCMm),while few studies have investigated their performance and challenges.What is added by this report?Sustaining CCMm in the region was subject to the following major challenges.

关键词： Myanmar township challenges

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Improving the surveillance and response system to achieve and maintain malaria elimination:a retrospective analysis in Jiangsu Province,China

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第1期11卷 56-67页

作者： Yuanyuan Cao Guangyu Lu Chris Cotter Weiming Wang Mengmeng Yang Yaobao Liu Cheng Liang Huayun Zhou Yan Lu Jun Yan Guoding Zhu Jun Cao Key Laboratory of National Health Commission(NHC)On Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory On Parasite and Vector Control TechnologyJiangsu Institute of Parasitic DiseasesWuxi214064JiangsuChina Institute of Public Health Medical College of Yangzhou UniversityJiangsu ProvinceYangzhou city225000China Malaria Elimination Initiative Institute for Global Health SciencesUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA Department of Women’s and Children’s Health International Maternal and Child HealthUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden Center for Global Health School of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China Health and Quarantine Department Nanjing CustomsNanjing210001China Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing102206China

Background:Following initiation of China’s National malaria elimination Action Plan(NMEAP)in 2010,the'1-3-7’approach was developed and rolled out in China to facilitate the malaria elimination programme and accelerate malaria elimination.This study aims to summarize and condense these experiences through a retrospective analysis in Jiangsu Province,which could be adapted and applied in other malaria elimination settings worldwide.Methods:A retrospective analysis of imported malaria cases into China identified through an improved surveillance and response system in Jiangsu Province was carried out for the period of 2001-2020.To improve the malaria surveillance and response system,Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention from the prefectures and counties in Jiangsu province conducted population-level health education to improve healthcare seeking behavior,strengthened capacity of health facilities to improve performance of malaria diagnosis and treatment,and raised the capacity of public health providers to improve implementation of the'1-3-7’approach.Categorical variables were carried out by Chi square tests with Fisher’s exact correction.Results:From 2001 to 2020,a total of 9,879 malaria cases were reported in Jiangsu Province.Since 2012,no indigenous malaria cases have been reported in Jiangsu Province.However,in recent years,there has been a substantial increase of imported falciparum malaria cases.Between 2012 and 2020,an estimated 61.57 million individuals have benefited from population-level health education in Jiangsu Province.For healthcare-seeking services among the 2,423 imported malaria cases,687(28.4%)and 1,104(45.6%)cases visited hospitals on the first day and the second day from symptom onset,respectively.A total of 1,502(61.9%)cases were diagnosed on the first day at medical facilities.Jiangsu Province achieved 100%,99.4%and 98.3%completion rate in terms of case detection and notification(within one day),case investigation(within three days)and foci response and disposition(within seven days),res

关键词： China 1-3-7 approach Surveillance and response malaria elimination Imported case Jiangsu Retrospective study

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Availability of Antimalarial Medicines in Community Pharmacies of Lusaka District, Zambia: Implications on Compliance to malaria Treatment Guidelines

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2023年第4期14卷 85-97页

作者： Tadious Chimombe Steward Mudenda Stephen Bwalya Tamara N’gona Christabel Nang’andu Hikaambo Webrod Mufwambi Audrey Hamachila Simon Nkowani Busiku Hamainza Department of Pharmacy School of Health Sciences University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia National malaria elimination Centre Ministry of Health Lusaka Zambia

Background: malaria remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Zambia, affecting all levels of society, with children under the age of five and pregnant women being most at risk of serious illness. The availability of antimalarial medicines is one of the key interventions of malaria management. This study assessed the availability of antimalarial medicines in community pharmacies in Lusaka district, Zambia. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that was conducted among 210 community pharmacies from September to November 2022 using a well-structured checklist in selected areas of Lusaka district. The availability was verified by a physical check of the product. The checklist contained the medicines listed both in the guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of malaria in Zambia as well as in the World Health Organization (WHO) malaria treatment guidelines. Results: This study found that all antimalarials listed in the local treatment guidelines for malaria were available in community pharmacies, though with the varying distribution. Of the 210 community pharmacies, 209 (99.5%) had artemether/lumefantrine in stock. The lowest available antimalarial was quinine/clindamycin, which was only available in 3 (1.4%) of the outlets. Conversely, 3 out of 16 (18.8%) antimalarials that were available in community pharmacies were not listed in the local treatment guidelines of malaria in Zambia, despite being listed in the WHO malaria treatment guidelines. This translated into a compliance level of 81.2% based on the local malaria treatment guidelines. Conclusion: This study concluded that antimalarials were available for all categories of malaria management in community pharmacies, though with a varying distribution. The presence of antimalarials not listed in the Zambian treatment guidelines is of public health concern which may have an impact on antimicrobial resistance in the future.

关键词： Antimalarials Antimalarial Medicines Availability Community Pharmacies Zambia

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Evaluation of malaria surveillance system in Kano State,Nigeria,2013–2016

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第1期9卷 46-54页

作者： Tyakaray Ibrahim Visa Olufemi Ajumobi Eniola Bamgboye IkeOluwapo Ajayi and Patrick Nguku Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program AbujaNigeria National malaria elimination Program Federal Ministry of HealthAbujaNigeria School of Community Health Sciences University of NevadaRenoUSA Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics College of MedicineUniversity of IbadanIbadanNigeria African Field Epidemiology Network Nigeria Country Office AbujaNigeria

Background:malaria surveillance system strengthening is essential in the progress towards malaria elimination.In Nigeria,more attention is being given to this recently as the country is striving towards achieving elimination.However,the surveillance system performance is fraught with challenges including poor data quality with varying magnitude by state.This study evaluated the operation of the Kano State malaria surveillance system and assessed its key attributes.Methods:An observational study design comprising a survey,record review and secondary data analysis,and mixed methods data collection approach were used.Four key stakeholders’and 35 Roll Back malaria Focal Persons(RBMs)semi-structured interviews on operation of the system and attributes of the surveillance system,were conducted.We analyzed the abstracted 2013–2016 National Health Management Information System web-based malaria datasets.The surveillance system was evaluated using the“2001 United States Centers for Disease Control’s updated guidelines for Evaluating Public Health Surveillance Systems”.Data were described using means,standard deviation,frequencies and proportions.Chi-squared for linear trends was used.Results:Overall,24 RBMs(68.6%)had≤15-year experience on malaria surveillance,29(82.9%)had formal training on malaria surveillance;32 RBMs(91.4%)reported case definitions were easy-to-use,reporting forms were easy-to-fill and data flow channels were clearly defined.Twenty-seven respondents(69.2%)reported data tools could accommodate changes and all RBMs understood malaria case definitions.All respondents(4 stakeholders and 34 RBMs[97.1%])expressed willingness to continue using the system and 33(84.6%)reported analyzed data were used for decision-making.Public health facilities constituted the main data source.Overall,65.0%of funding were from partner agencies.Trend of malaria cases showed significant decline(χ2 trend=7.49;P=0.0006).Timeliness of reporting was below the target(≥80%),except being 82%in 2012.Conclusions:malaria surveillance syste

关键词： malaria Performance Operation Surveillance system attribute Health management information system Nigeria

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Hurdles in achieving the goal of malaria elimination by India

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2022年第7期15卷 287-289页

作者： Gaurav Kumar Jaspreet Kaur Shweta Pasi ICMR-National Institute of malaria Research Sector-8DwarkaDelhiIndia

India is a major contributor to the malaria burden in Southeast Asia, with 83% estimated cases and 82% estimated deaths reported in 2020[1]. As per the National Center for Vector-Borne Disease Control(NCVBDC) estimates, around 0.19 million cases and 93 deaths occurred in the country due to malaria in 2020. Since 2002, India has made impressive progress in malaria control with an approximately 90% reduction in malaria cases over the last two decades and is on the road to malaria elimination by 2030.

关键词： malaria elimination cases

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Bio-ecology of malaria vectors in an endemic area,Southeast of Iran

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第1期9卷 29-35页

作者： Masoud Yeryan Hamid Rreza Basseri Ahamd Ali Hanafi-Bojd Ahmad Raeisi Hamideh Edalat Reza Safari Minab District Health Center Department of Medical Entomology & Vector Control School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical Sciences National malaria elimination Program Manager CDCMOH & ME Deputy of Health Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences

Objective:To determine some bio-ecological aspects of malaria vectors in Jask County,where is targeted for malaria elimination in the national program.Methods:Mosquitoes were collected monthly during 2013-2014 using different collection methods.Subsequently,ELISA test was used to detect the human blood index of mosquitoes.The susceptibility status of Anopheles stephensi was evaluated against the diagnostic dosages of seven WHO recommended insecticides.Results:A total of 3 650 female and 4 736 Anopheles larvae were collected including Anopheles stephensi,Anopheles culicifacies s.l.,Anopheles dthali.Anopheles fluviatilis s.l.,Anopheles moghulensis and Anopheles turkhodi species.Anopheles stephensi was the dominant collected species on human baits and indoors with high rate of unfed and gravid specimens in internal and external window traps.Human blood index was calculated as 14.3%for this species.It was also found to be resistant to DDT and Dieldrin.Conclusions:The collected species had a wide range of habitats,and resting behaviors.With regarding to the presence of most important malaria vectors in Jask.control of the disease may be so complicated;as based on the weather condition it can be transmitted during the whole year,except for cold months.With this strong potential of transmission,existing population movements in the area may lead to imported cases of malaria and local outbreak(s).So,more specific studies on malaria vectors in high risk areas of Jask County are recommended.

关键词： malaria Ecology Anopheles stephensi Insecticide resistance Southern Iran

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Priorities of China’s participation in global malaria elimination:the perspective of malaria endemic countries

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第2期11卷 96-96页

作者： Yan Xie Jie Wang Yinuo Sun Xuedan Ke Zheng Xie Jun Cao Yangmu Huang Peking University School of Public Health Beijing 100191China Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention/Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology/WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training on malaria elimination Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic DiseasesWuxi 214064China

Background:malaria is one of the major diseases afecting global health,while progress in malaria control and elimination has stagnated in some endemic countries.China has been certifcated malaria free by World Health Organization in 2021,and will get more involved on global malaria elimination.Further discussion is needed on how to collaborate with the malaria endemic countries and provide efective help.This study was to investigate the perceptions of malaria endemic countries on China’s contribution to global malaria elimination and to lay a foundation for further action.Methods:Semi-structured interviews were conducted with key informants including national malaria project managers and technicians from malaria endemic countries.Thematic framework approach was used to analyze the data.Results:malaria endemic countries now face challenges in insufcient funds,technique,products,public health systems and inadequacy of international assistance.They hold a positive attitude towards cooperation with China and identifed experience and technique exchange,personnel training,system building and scientifc research cooperation as prioritized areas.Conclusions:China could make full use of its own advantages in technique transfer,health system improvement,information system construction,and health human resource training and take an active part in global malaria elimination.

关键词： malaria elimination Aid efectiveness China

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malaria slide bank plays a crucial role in achieving and sustaining malaria elimination in India

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2023年第10期16卷 431-433页

作者： Shrikant Nema Nitika Nitika Anup R Anvikar Praveen K Bharti ICMR-National Institute of malaria Research Sector 8Dwarka 110077New DelhiIndia

India's healthcare system continues to place the highest priority on the fight against malaria[1].malaria elimination program has received considerable attention from both the public and private sectors,resulting in a significant drop in malaria cases[2].In 2022,a total of 176000 million cases of malaria were reported in India,in which Plasmodium(P.)falciparum has contributed 57.0%and 42.3%were P.vivax cases and limited cases of P.malariae and P.ovale.

关键词： malaria malaria elimination

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Unravelling the situation of malaria misdiagnosis in India:Its adverse impact and management strategies

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2022年第7期15卷 290-292页

作者： Gaurav Kumar Hari Shankar ICMR-National Institute of malaria Research Sector-8DwarkaDelhiIndia Indian Council of Medical Research New DelhiIndia

malaria is a public health problem in several parts of India.A continuous decrease in malaria has been reported in India,from about 2.0 million cases in 2000 to about 0.2 million in 2020[1].In February 2016,the Government of India formally launched the National Framework for malaria elimination,which outlines the strategies for eliminating malaria from India by 2030[2].It aims to interrupt indigenous malaria transmission(zero indigenous case reporting)throughout the country,prevent the re-establishment of transmission in areas where it has been eliminated,and maintain national malaria-free status by 2030 and beyond,using the existing intervention tools and strategies.In 2017,India launched its five-year National Strategic Plan for malaria elimination,which is mainly district focused rather than the National Framework for malaria elimination,which was state focused[3].India has shown a 71%reduction of malaria cases in 2019 compared to 2015,which was achieved by strengthening surveillance,improving diagnosis and treatment,and intensive vector control measures using existing tools.In India,Odisha state contributed 37.4%of total malaria cases in 2015,which was reduced to 12%in 2019 using the Durgama Anchalare malaria Nirakaran initiative and comprehensive case management of malaria[4].

关键词： malaria malaria India

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