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Factors associated with risk of malaria infection among pregnant women in Lagos, Nigeria

Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2013年第1期2卷 152-159页

作者： Chimere O Agomo Wellington A Oyibo ANDI Centre of Excellence for malaria Diagnosis International MalariaMicroscopy Training and RDT QA ProgrammeWHO/TDR/FIND Malaria Specimen Bank SiteDepartment of Medical Microbiology and ParasitologyCollege of MedicineUniversity of LagosIdi-ArabaLagosNigeria malaria Research Laboratory Nigerian Institute of Medical ResearchPMB 2013YabaLagosNigeria

Background:Pregnant women living in an area of stable malaria transmission such as Lagos,Nigeria,have been identified as being at an increased risk of the effects of malaria *** this area,most of the infections are asymptomatic which means they are overlooked and untreated much to the detriment of the mother and her *** reality of scaled-up malaria interventions with long-lasting insecticide treated nets,vector control,artemisinin combination therapy(ACT)and intermittent preventive treatment of malaria pregnancy(IPTp)using sulphadoxine pyrimethamine(SP)is that it is also essential to determine the risk factors at play in these kinds of *** study was aimed at identifying the factors associated with risk of malaria infection in pregnant women in Lagos,Southwest ***:Demographic information and malaria prevention practices of the pregnant women studied were captured using structured *** was used to establish malaria infection,species identification and parasite *** risk and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to compare factors associated with malaria in pregnant ***:malaria microscopy details,demographic information and malaria prevention practices of the pregnant women were obtained using a structured *** prevalence of malaria using peripheral blood from 1,084 pregnant women that participated in the study was 7.7%.Plasmodium falciparum(***)was seen in 95.2%of the cases as either mixed infection with ***(3.6%)or as a mono infection(91.6%).malaria preventive practices associated with a significant reduction(Pmalaria infection was the use of insecticide sprays(RR=0.36,95 C.I.0.24-0.54),and the combined use of insecticide spray and insecticide-treated nets(ITN)(RR=6.53,95%C.I.0.92-46.33).Sleeping under ITN alone(RR=1.07,95%C.I.0.55-2.09)was not associated with significant reduction in malaria infection among the study participan

关键词： malaria Pregnancy Risk factors Insecticide spray Maternal age malaria in pregnancy in Lagos

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malaria slide bank plays a crucial role in achieving and sustaining malaria elimination in India

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2023年第10期16卷 431-433页

作者： Shrikant Nema Nitika Nitika Anup R Anvikar Praveen K Bharti ICMR-National Institute of malaria Research Sector 8Dwarka 110077New DelhiIndia

India's healthcare system continues to place the highest priority on the fight against malaria[1].malaria elimination program has received considerable attention from both the public and private sectors,resulting in a significant drop in malaria cases[2].In 2022,a total of 176000 million cases of malaria were reported in India,in which Plasmodium(P.)falciparum has contributed 57.0%and 42.3%were *** cases and limited cases of *** and ***.

关键词： malaria malaria elimination

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Hurdles in achieving the goal of malaria elimination by India

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2022年第7期15卷 287-289页

作者： Gaurav Kumar Jaspreet Kaur Shweta Pasi ICMR-National Institute of malaria Research Sector-8DwarkaDelhiIndia

India is a major contributor to the malaria burden in Southeast Asia, with 83% estimated cases and 82% estimated deaths reported in 2020[1]. As per the National Center for Vector-Borne Disease Control(NCVBDC) estimates, around 0.19 million cases and 93 deaths occurred in the country due to malaria in 2020. Since 2002, India has made impressive progress in malaria control with an approximately 90% reduction in malaria cases over the last two decades and is on the road to malaria elimination by 2030.

关键词： malaria elimination cases

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malaria epidemiology and stratification of incidence in the malaria elimination setting in Harari Region,Eastern Ethiopia

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第6期9卷 102-103页

作者： Endashaw Esayas Asefa Tufa Fekadu Massebo Abdulhamid Ahemed Ibssa Ibrahim Dereje Dillu Eyuel Asemahegn Bogale Solomon Yared Kebede Deribe 不详 malaria and Neglected Tropical Diseases Research Directorate Armauer Hansen Research InstituteAddis AbabaEthiopia

Background: Ethiopia has shown notable progress in reducing the burden of malaria over the past two *** of this progress,the country has shifted efforts from control to elimination of *** study was conducted to analyse the malaria epidemiology and stratification of incidence in the malaria elimination setting in eastern ***:: A retrospective study was conducted to analyse the epidemiology of malaria by reviewing the district health office data from 2013 to 2019 in Harari *** addition,three years of sub-district level malaria data were used to stratify the malaria transmission *** interventions(Long-lasting insecticidal nets[LLIN]and indoor residual spraying[IRS])employed were reviewed to analyse the intervention coverage at the Regional *** statistics were used to show the malaria transmission in terms of years,season and species of the malaria *** rate per 1000 population and death rate per 1000000 population at risk were computed using the total population of each ***: In the Harari Region,malaria incidence showed a more pronounced declining trend from 2017 to *** falciparum,*** and mixed infections accounted for 69.2%,30.6%and 0.2%of the cases,*** was an increment in malaria intervention coverage and improved malaria *** the year 2019 the coverage of LLIN and IRS in the Region were 93.4%and 85.1%*** annual malaria incidence rate dropped from 42.9 cases per 1000 population in 2013 to 6.7 cases per 1000 population in ***-related deaths decreased from 4.7 deaths per 1000000 people annually in 2013 to zero,and there have been no deaths reported since *** malaria risk appears to be heterogeneous and varies between districts.A higher number of malaria cases were recorded in Erer and Jenella districts,which constitute 62%of the cases in the *** to the sub-district level malaria stratification,there wa

关键词： malaria elimination Epidemiology Incidence Harari region Ethiopia Interventions Sub-district Stratification

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Iron supplementation during malaria infection in pregnancy and childhood:A review

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第1期17卷 12-20页

作者： Neha Surela Amrendra Chaudhary Poonam Kataria Jyoti Das National Institute of malaria Research Sector-8DwarkaNew Delhi-110077India

malaria presents a significant global public health challenge,with severe malarial anaemia being a primary manifestation of the *** understanding of anaemia caused by malaria remains incomplete,making the treatment more *** is a crucial micronutrient essential for haemoglobin synthesis,oxygen delivery,and other vital metabolic functions in the *** is indispensable for the growth of human beings,as well as bacteria,protozoa,and viruses in vitro and in *** deficiency is among the most common nutritional deficiencies and can have detrimental effects during developmental stages of ***-induced iron deficiency occurs due to the hemolysis of erythrocytes and the suppression of erythropoiesis,leading to *** iron requirements is particularly critical during pivotal life stages such as pregnancy,infancy,and *** intake alone may not suffice to meet adequate iron requirements,thus highlighting the vital role of iron *** iron supplementation can alleviate iron deficiency,it can exacerbate malaria infection by providing additional iron for the ***,in the context of pregnancy and childhood,iron supplementation combined with malaria prevention and treatment has been shown to be beneficial in improving birth outcomes and ensuring proper growth and development,*** review aims to identify the role and impact of iron supplementation in malaria infection during the life stages of pregnancy and childhood.

关键词： Iron supplementation malaria Pregnancy Childhood

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R21 vaccine:A ray of hope for malaria elimination

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2023年第6期16卷 243-244页

作者： Nitika Nitika Shrikant Nema Praveen Kumar Bharti ICMR-National Institute of malaria Research Sector 8DwarkaNew DelhiIndia

The steady decline in malaria cases and deaths in recent years is a step ahead toward elimination;however,an increasing number of reports of antimalarial and insecticide resistance highlight the importance of having newer approaches to achieve the goal in the stipulated time ***,having an effective and durable malaria vaccine is extremely crucial,which can complement the tools currently in *** the malaria vaccine development efforts initiated in the 1910’s with the first attempts to develop a malaria vaccine involved inoculating humans with live,attenuated strains of the malaria parasite but the efforts have been intensified over the previous decade,resulting in several significant developments.

关键词： malaria vaccine elimination

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malaria:role of antibodies in protection and pathogenesis:an overview

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2008年第1期1卷 69-82页

作者： Tyagi P Biswas S National Institute of malaria Research Indian Council of Medical Research22-Sham Nath Marg.Delhi 110054India

The research scenario for malaria has improved in the last three decades to understand the epidemiology and host immune responses to plasmodial *** to the augmented episodes of resistance development against the commonly used antimalarials in plasmodium parasites,especially in Plasmodium falciparum,neutralization of infection through effective vaccine(s) remains the feasible alternative in malaria *** this direction,lot of attention was paid towards the identification of stage specific malaria antigens targeted by host ’s immune *** of synthetic or recombinant peptides and evaluation of their immunogenecity in naturally occurring antibody response were also given much importance,as these studies could help in finding potential candidates for future malaria vaccine(s).Attention was also *** the pathogenic consequences of antibody formation in malaria infection as polyclonal activation of B cells,which is a very prominent feature in malaria *** of circulating immune complexes in chronic malaria infection was also viewed as pathogenic parameter of severe *** present survey focuses mainly on protective and pathogenic aspects of malaria antibodies(eliciting against various,stage specific antigens),and future research plan in antibodymediated immune response.

关键词： malaria Plasmodium falciparum P.vivax,antigen antibobody immune complex

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malaria Outbreaks in Villages in North Karnataka, India, and Role of Sibling Species of <i>Anopheles culicifacies</i>Complex

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Health 2015年第8期7卷 946-954页

作者： Satyanarayan Tiwari Susanta Kumar Ghosh Thiruchrapalli S. Sathyanarayan Nutan Nanda Sreehari Uragayala Neena Valecha Field Unit National Institute of Malaria Research (ICMR) Bangalore India National Institute of malaria Research (ICMR) New Delhi India

Investigations on malaria outbreaks and role of sibling species complex of principal rural malaria vector Anopheles culicifacies were carried out in villages in north Karnataka, India from 1997 through 2014. Information regarding densities, resting and breeding habitats of malaria vectors prevalent in the area was also generated so as to formulate an appropriate vector control strategy. The Slide Positivity Rate (SPR), Slide Falciparum Rate (SFR) and Pf proportion was 43.1%, 35.9% and 83.3%, respectively. Three sibling species A, B, and C of An. culicifacies were found sympatric with cumulative percent composition of 63.7, 28.2 and 8.1, respectively. Per man hour and per structure densities of An. culicifacies, An. culicifacies and An. culicifacies varied from 0 to 27.5 and 0 to 56.0, 0 to 0.5 and 0 to 7.0 and, 0 to 2.5 and 0 to 7.5, respectively. The proportion of semi-gravid and gravid females was more as compared to fully fed and unfed females which indicated that most of the females rested indoor. Streams/river, wells, seepages and irrigation tanks are the major habitats supporting breeding of An. culicifacies. Integrated vector managements by indoor residual spraying of effective insecticide as per national guidelines along with biological control methods especially use of larvivorous fish Gambusia affinis and Poecilia reticulate are suggested to control malaria in the area.

关键词： malaria Anopheles culicifacies Sibling Species Biological Control North Karnataka

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Estimating risk factors of urban malaria in Blantyre, Malawi: A spatial regression analysis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第5期6卷 376-381页

作者： Lawrence N.Kazembe Don P.Mathanga Statistics Department University of Namibia malaria Alert Centre College of MedicineUniversity of Malawi Department of Community Health College of MedicineUniversity of Malawi

Objective: To estimate risk factors of urban malaria in Blantyre, Malawi, with the goal of understanding the epidemiology and ecology of the disease, and informing malaria elimination policies for African urban cities that have markedly low prevalence of ***: We used a case-control study design, with cases being children under the age of five years diagnosed with malaria, and matched controls obtained at hospital and communities. The data were obtained from Ndirande health facility catchment area. We then fitted a multivariate spatial logistic model of malaria risk. Covariate and risk factors in the model included child-specific, household and environmental risk factor(nearness to garden, standing water, river and swamps). The spatial component was assumed to follow a Gaussian process and model fitted using Bayesian ***: Our findings showed that children who visited rural areas were 6 times more likely to have malaria than those who did not [odds ratio(OR) = 6.66, 95% confidence interval(CI): 4.79–9.61]. The risk of malaria increased with age of the child(OR = 1.01,95% CI: 1.003–1.020), but reduced with high socio-economic status compared to lower status(OR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.25–0.54 for the highest level and OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.47–0.94 for the medium level). Although nearness to a garden, river and standing water showed increased risk, these effects were not significant. Furthermore, significant spatial clusters of risk emerged, which does suggest other factors do explain malaria risk variability apart from those established ***: As malaria in urban areas is highly fuelled by rural-urban migration,emphasis should be to optimize information, education and communication prevention strategies, particularly targeting children from lower socio-economic position.

关键词： Urban malaria Travel history Spatial regression Geo-additive models Blantyre Malawi

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Unravelling the situation of malaria misdiagnosis in India:Its adverse impact and management strategies

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2022年第7期15卷 290-292页

作者： Gaurav Kumar Hari Shankar ICMR-National Institute of malaria Research Sector-8DwarkaDelhiIndia Indian Council of Medical Research New DelhiIndia

malaria is a public health problem in several parts of India.A continuous decrease in malaria has been reported in India,from about 2.0 million cases in 2000 to about 0.2 million in 2020[1].In February 2016,the Government of India formally launched the National Framework for malaria Elimination,which outlines the strategies for eliminating malaria from India by 2030[2].It aims to interrupt indigenous malaria transmission(zero indigenous case reporting)throughout the country,prevent the re-establishment of transmission in areas where it has been eliminated,and maintain national malaria-free status by 2030 and beyond,using the existing intervention tools and *** 2017,India launched its five-year National Strategic Plan for malaria Elimination,which is mainly district focused rather than the National Framework for malaria Elimination,which was state focused[3].India has shown a 71%reduction of malaria cases in 2019 compared to 2015,which was achieved by strengthening surveillance,improving diagnosis and treatment,and intensive vector control measures using existing *** India,Odisha state contributed 37.4%of total malaria cases in 2015,which was reduced to 12%in 2019 using the Durgama Anchalare malaria Nirakaran initiative and comprehensive case management of malaria[4].

关键词： malaria malaria India

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