检索结果-南通市图书馆

Study on Haploid Inducing and Its Meiotic Abnormality in maize

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Agricultural Sciences in China 2009年第10期8卷 1159-1165页

作者： TANG Qi-lin, FENG Yun-chao, HAN Xue-li, ZHENG Ming-min and RONG Ting-zhao maize research institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, P.R.China maize research institute Sichuan Agricultural University Ya'an 625014 P.R. China

The haploid-inducing line Stock 6 was used to produce haploid maize and expected to obtain maize haploid plants successfully. The detailed meiotic studies on selected haploid maize （n = x = 10） were conducted. Cytogenetic analysis revealed a high frequency of meiotic abnormality occurred in both meiosis Ⅰ and meiosis Ⅱ. During the prophase Ⅰ, univalents were common configurations, and there were bivalents or trivalents in some pollen mother cells, however, a few cells containing five bivalents were also observed. After prophase Ⅰ, chromosomes did not congregate in a single metaphase plate but they were scattered in the cytoplasm. At anaphase Ⅰ, the chromosome distribution was highly irregular with almost all possible combinations. In some cells, chromosomes were grouped into the three or four masses and several spindles appeared. At the tetrad stage of meiosis Ⅱ, eytokinesis splitting abnormality occurred, and a variety of diad, triad, tetrad, pentad, hexad, as well as decury microspores were easily observed. As a consequence of abnormalities of the two meiotic stages, various microspores and the pollen were almost completely sterile. grains with different size were formed, and its pollen grains

关键词： Zea mays L haploid maize meiosis chromosome Stock 6

Vitamin and zeatin treatments promote colchicine-induced haploid chromosome doubling in maize

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The Crop Journal 2024年第6期12卷 1677-1685页

作者： Chen Chen Yuling Zhang Chenxu Liu Jinlong Li Jiuran Zhao Yuandong Wang Shaojiang Chen National maize Improvement Center of China College of Agronomy and BiotechnologySanya Research InstituteChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China maize research institute Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China

Doubled haploid(DH)technology is an efficient method used in commercial maize *** doubling is a vital step of DH technology;however,the underlying processes regulating chromosome doubling of haploid is still not well understood,which is key to optimize the *** this study,the immature haploid embryos of the maize inbred line Zheng58 treated with amiprophos-methyl(APM)or colchicine were used to analyze transcriptomic and metabolomic changes,75 and 60 differential expressed metabolites(DEMs)were identified between control treatment,*** differentially expressed genes(DEGs)related to artificial chromosome doubling were down regulated;these were mainly involved in mitosis *** DEMs and DEGs co-expression analyses showed that,compared to controls,zeatin biosynthesis and cofactor and vitamin metabolism were significantly enriched in both APM and colchicine *** a parallel experiment,exogenous vitamins including thiamine,nicotinic acid,vitamin B6,or trans-zeatin were added to colchicine treatment;there were synergistic effects between vitamins or zeatin and colchicine in haploid artificial chromosome *** results provide novel insights in exploring the molecular responses to antimitotic reagents at both the transcriptomic and metabolomic *** addition,the application efficiency of haploid breeding will be greatly improved by the key factors for artificial chromosome doubling.

关键词： Antimitotic reagent Artificial chromosome doubling Transcriptomic Metabolomic maize

Dissection of the genetic architecture for tassel branch number by QTL analysis in two related populations in maize

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第7期16卷 1432-1442页

作者： CHEN Zheng-jie YANG Cong TANG Deng-guo ZHANG Lei ZHANG Ling QU Jing-tao LIU Jian maize research institute Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130P.R.China

Tassel branch number （TBN） is the principal component of maize tassel inflorescence architecture and is a typical quan- titative trait controlled by multiple genes. The main objective of this research was to detect quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for TBN. The maize inbred line SICAU1212 was used as the common parent to develop BC1S1 and recombinant inbred line （RIL） populations with inbred lines 3237 and B73, respectively. The two related populations consisted of 123 and 238 lines, respectively. Each population was grown and phenotyped for TBN in two environments. Eleven QTLs were detected in the BC1S1 population, located on chromosomes 2, 3, 5, and 7, accounted for 4.45-26.58% of the phenotypic variation. Two QTLs （qB11Jtbn2-1, qB12Ctbn2-1, qBJtbn2-1; q11JBtbn5-1, qB12Ctbn5-1, qBJtbn5-1） that accounted for more than 10% of the phenotypic variation were identified. Three QTLs located on chromosomes 2, 3 and 5, exhibited stable expres- sion in the two environments. Ten QTLs were detected in the RIL population, located on chromosomes 2, 3, 5, 8, and 10, accounted for 2.69-13.58% of the TBN variation. One QTL （qR14Dtbn2-2） explained 〉10% of the phenotypic variation. One common QTL （qB12Ctbn2-2, qR14Dtbn2-2, qRJtbn2-2） was detected between the two related populations. Three pairs of epistatic effects were identified between two loci with or without additive effects and accounted for 1.19-4.26% of the phenotypic variance. These results demonstrated that TBN variation was mainly caused by major effects, minor effects and slightly modified by epistatic effects. Thus, identification of QTL for TBN may help elucidate the genetic basis of TBN and also facilitate map-based cloning and marker-assisted selection （MAS） in maize breeding programs.

关键词： QTL tassel branch number related populations epistatic effects

Growth Dynamics and Optimal Harvesting Stage of Two Forage maize Varieties

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Agricultural Sciences in China 2011年第2期10卷 220-227页

作者： FU Feng-ling GUO Chang-jun TANG Qi-ling LIU Jian LI Wan-chen maize research institute Sichuan Agricultural UniversityYa＇an 625014P.R.China

SAUMZ 1 and SAUMZ 2 are two forage maize varieties reproduced by distant *** a randomized block experiment,their fresh forage yield and dry matter yield were investigated on the basis of growth period,leaf stage,and effective accumulated *** nutritional components were measured in a near infrared diffuse reflectance *** to the concept of forage grading index,a formula was constructed to calculate the total digestible *** investigated characters and indexes were adapted to suitable models of growth *** results showed that these two varieties have strong heterosis in fresh forage yield,dry matter yield,and total digestible *** growth dynamics were adapted to Logistic models described by general equation y=k/（1＋ae-bx）.The forage grading indexes of these two varieties were decreased linearly along with the increasing of their leaf *** stopping point of fast growing period of total digestible energy estimated on the basis of leaf stage was suggested to be used as optimal harvesting stage of forage *** optimal harvesting stage was estimated to be tasseling stage for SAUMZ 1 and 19.50-leaf stage for SAUMZ 2.

关键词： forage maize growth dynamics leaf stage optimal harvest stage total digestible energy

Inhibition of the spread of endophytic Sporisorium reilianum renders maize resistance to head smut

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The Crop Journal 2015年第2期3卷 87-95页

作者： Xianrong Zhao Jianrong Ye Lai Wei Nan Zhang Yuexian Xing Weiliang Zuo Qing Chao Guoqing Tan Mingliang Xu National maize Improvement Center of China China Agricultural University institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences maize research institute Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences

Head smut, caused by the fungal pathogen Sporisorium reilianum, poses a grave threat to maize(Zea mays) production worldwide. Here we report cytological and molecular evidence for maize resistance to head smut. During early stages of root infection, S. reilianum mycelium was capable of penetrating the root epidermis of both resistant(Ji1037) and susceptible(HZ4) inbred lines. S. reilianum hyphae were observed in the root–stem junction at 6 days after inoculation. In an attempt to monitor hyphal spread within the maize plant,a highly specific and sensitive real-time PCR method was established to estimate the hyphal content in infected maize tissues. During the upward growth of endophytic ***, the extent of hyphal spread was markedly different between Ji1037 and HZ4. Very little or no pathogen was detected in aerial parts of Ji1037, whereas large amounts of pathogen accumulated in aboveground tissues, particularly inflorescences, of HZ4. Thus,maize resistance to S. reilianum was achieved mainly by inhibition of endophytic hyphal growth rather than by prevention of early-root penetration by the pathogen.

关键词： Head smut Sporisorium reilianum maize Resistance

Repetitive sequence analysis and karyotyping reveal different genome evolution and speciation of diploid and tetraploid Tripsacum dactyloides

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The Crop Journal 2016年第4期4卷 247-255页

作者： Qilin Zhu Zexi Cai Qilin Tang Weiwei Jin National maize Improvement Center of China Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Coordinated Research Center for Crop Biology China Agricultural University maize research institute Sichuan Agricultural University

In the subtribe Maydeae, Tripsacum and Zea are closely related genera. Tripsacum is a horticultural crop widely used as pasture forage. Previous studies suggested that Tripsacum might play an important role in maize origin and evolution. However, our understanding of the genomics and the evolution of Tripsacum remains limited. In this study, two diploids,T. dactyloides var. meridionale(2n = 36, MR) and T. dactyloides(2n = 36, DD), and one tetraploid,T. dactyloides(2n = 72, DL) were sequenced by low-coverage genome sequencing followed by graph-based cluster analysis. The results showed that 63.23%, 59.20%, and 61.57% of the respective genome of MR, DD, and DL were repetitive DNA sequence. The proportions of different repetitive sequences varied greatly among the three species. Fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) analysis of mitotic metaphase chromosomes with satellite repeats as the probes showed that the FISH signal patterns of DL were more similar to that of DD than to that of MR. Comparative analysis of the repeats also showed that DL shared more common repeat families with DD than with MR. Phylogenetic analysis of internal transcribed spacer region sequences further supported the evolutionary relationship among the three species. Repetitive sequences comparison showed that Tripsacum shared more repeat families with Zea than with Coix and Sorghum. Our study sheds new light on the genomics of Tripsacum and differential speciation in the Poaceae family.

关键词： Tripsacum Low-coverage sequencing Repetitive sequence Karyotype Phylogenetic analysis

Imprinting, methylation, and expression characterization of the maize ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE 2-like gene

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The Crop Journal 2019年第1期7卷 49-57页

作者： Xiupeng Mei Ping Li Lu Wang Chaoxian Liu Lian Zhou Chunyan Li Yilin Cai maize research institute Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement Ministry of Agriculture Southwest University

The endosperm plays essential roles in embryogenesis and seed germination and provides abundant resources for human food and industrial products. Identification of genes regulating the development of the endosperm and elucidation of their functions is of great importance for maize genetics and breeding. This study showed that the genespecific imprinted gene, ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE 2-like(EIN2-like), is maternally expressed in both endosperm and embryo. The maternally expressed pattern was maintained throughout later seed developmental stages. Bisulfite sequencing using DNA obtained from hybrid endosperm tissues showed that the upstream regions of the alleles of EIN2-like were highly methylated at symmetrical sites(CG and CHG). A differentially methylated region in the upstream part of the maternal allele of EIN2-like was identified and found to be hypomethylated. Expression analysis showed that EIN2-like was highly expressed in the maize endosperm as well as at different stages of cell differentiation(8–12 days after pollination) in the hybrid endosperm. These results suggest that the maternally expressed gene EIN2-like may play crucial roles in the regulation of seed development.

关键词： maize Gene imprinting Methylation EIN2-like

Genetic Analysis and Preliminary Mapping of a Highly Male-Sterile Gene in Foxtail millet(Setaria italica ***.) Using SSR Markers

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第12期12卷 2143-2148页

作者： WANG Jun WANG Zhi-lan YANG Hui-qing YUAN Feng GUO Er-hu TIAN Gang AN Yuan-huai LI Hui-xia WANG Yu-wen DIAO Xian-min GUO Ping-yi College of Agriculture Shanxi Agricultural University millet research institute Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Breeding of male-sterile lines has become the mainstream for the heterosis utilization in foxtail millet,but the genetic basis of most male-sterile lines used for the hybrid is still an area to be *** this study,a highly male-sterile line Gao146A was *** analysis indicated that the highly male-sterile phenotype was controlled by a single recessive gene a single recessive *** F 2 population derived from cross Gao146A/K103,one gene controlling the highly male- sterility,tentatively named as ms1,which linked to SSR marker b234 with genetic distance of 16.7 cM,was mapped on the chromosome *** results not only laid the foundation for fine mapping of this highly male-sterile gene,but also helped to accelerate the improvement of highly male-sterile lines by using molecular marker assisted breeding method.

关键词： foxtail millet(Setaria italic L.Beauv.) highly male-sterility gene mapping SSR marker

Transcriptomic responses to aluminum(Al)stress in maize

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第9期17卷 1946-1958页

作者： XU Li-ming LIU Chan CUI Bao-ming WANG Ning ZHAO Zhuo ZHOU Li-na HUANG Kai-feng DING Jian-zhou DU Han-mei JIANG Wei ZHANG Su-zhi Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of maize in Southwest China Ministry of Agriculture/Maize Research InstituteSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130P.R.China Crop research institute of Binzhou Binzhou 256600P.R.China

Aluminum （AI） toxicity is a major factor limiting crop production and plant growth in acid soils. The complex inheritance of AI toxicity and tolerance mechanisms in maize has uncharacterized yet. In this study, the maize inbred line 178 seedlings were treated with 200 μmol L-1 CaCI2＋0 μmol L^-1AICI3 （control） and 200μmol L^-1 CACI2＋60 IJmol L^-1 AICI3 （AI treatment） for I and 6 h, respectively. The experiment was repeated three times. Then a detailed temporal analysis of root gene expression was performed using an Agilent GeneChip with 34 715 genes, only the genes showing more than 2.0-fold difference （P〈0.01） between the control and the AI treatment maize seedlings were analyzed further. Thus, a total of 832 different expression genes, 689 significantly up-regulated and 143 down-regulated, were identified after the seedlings were treated with AI for 6 h. And 60 genes, 59 up-regulated and one down-regulated, were also detected after the seedlings were treated for 1 h. Replicated transcriptome analyses further showed that about 61% of total significantly genes could be annotated based on plant genome resources. Quantitative real-time PCR （qRT-PCT） of some selected candidate genes was used to demonstrate the microarray data, indicating significant differences between the control and AI-treated seedlings. Exposure to AI for 6 h triggered changes in the transcript levels for several genes, which were primarily related to cell wall structure and metabolism, oxidative stress response, membrane transporters, organic acid metabolism, signaling and hormones, and transcription factors, etc. After AI-treated for 1 h, differential abundance of transcripts for several transporters, kinase, and transcription factors were specifically induced. In this study, the diversity of the putative functions of these genes indicates that AI stress for a short stage induced a complex transcriptome changes in maize. These results would further help us to understand rapid and early mechanisms o

关键词： aluminum maize microarray mechanism transcriptome