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Risk Assessment from Catchment to Consumers as Framed in water Safety Plans: A Study from maiduguri water treatment plant, North East Nigeria

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2019年第10期10卷 1373-1390页

作者： Mohammed Mustapha M. K. C. Sridhar A. O. Coker Ayotunde Ajayi Abubakar Suleiman Department of Agricultural and Environmental Resources Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Maiduguri Maiduguri Nigeria Departmentof Environmental Health Sciences Faculty of Public Health University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Technology University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Kelamide-O Nigeria Ltd Aderibigbe St. Off Halleluya Estate Osogbo Osun State Nigeria maiduguri water treatment plant Operations Department Maiduguri Nigeria.

water safety plan as conceived by WHO can lead to prevention of pollution in each component of water supply chain which leads to ensuring safe drinking water. Risk assessment is one of the key components during the development of water safety plan, achieved by identifying hazardous events and estimating their risk towards implementing control measures. This study reports the risk assessment from catchment to consumers in maiduguri water treatment plant in Northeast Nigeria. Tools such as the field visits, key informant interviews, questionnaire and water quality monitoring were used to identify the hazards and estimate their risk using semi-quantitative matrix. With the existing control measures, the study showed a total of 33 hazardous events;5 in catchment, 16 in treatment plant, 6 in distribution system and 6 at consumers’ points. The risk score indicated 6 are of medium risk and 9 of high risk. Catchment activities, upgrade of treatment facilities and lack of routine maintenance in the treatment plant, pipeline damages in distribution lines, and consumers’ lack of hygiene knowledge and awareness were found to be the major contributory factors which affect the desired quality. Therefore participation and commitment by all relevant stakeholders are fundamental requisite to manage the identified health risks.

关键词： water Safety Plan Hazard Identification Risk Assessment maiduguri water treatment

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Simultaneous removal of hydrogen sulfide and volatile organic sulfur compounds in off-gas mixture from a wastewater treatment plant using a two-stage bio-trickling filter system

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2019年第4期13卷 153-165页

作者： Shihao Sun Tipei Jia Kaiqi Chen Yongzhen Peng Liang Zhang National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater treatment and Reuse Technology and Key Laboratory of Beijing for water Quality Science and water Environment Recovery Engineering Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

Simultaneous removal of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and volatile organic sulfur compounds (VOSCs) in off-gas mixture from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is difficult due to the occasional inhibitory effects of H2S on VOSC degradation. In this study, a two-stage bio-trickling filter (BTF) system was developed to treat off-gas mixture from a real WWTP facility. At an empty bed retention time of 40 s, removal efficiencies of H2S, methanethiol, dimethyl sulfide, and dimethyl disulfide were 90.1, 88.4, 85.8 and 61.8%, respectively. Furthermore, the effect of lifting load shock on system performance was investigated and results indicated that removal of both H2S and VOSCs was slightly affected. Illumina Miseq sequencing revealed that the microbial community of first-stage BTF contained high abundance of H2S-affinity genera including Acidithiobacillus (51.43%), Metallibacterium (25.35%), and Thionomas (8.08%). Analysis of mechanism demonstrated that first stage of BTF removed 86.1% of H2S, mitigating the suppression on VOSC degradation in second stage of BTF. Overall, the twostage BTF system, an innovative bioprocess, can simultaneously remove H2S and VOSC.

关键词： Odor Two-stage bio-trickling filter process Bio-trickling filter Hydrogen sulfide Volatile organic sulfur compound

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Carbonaceous and nitrogenous disinfection byproduct precursor variation during the reversed anaerobic–anoxic–oxic process of a sewage treatment plant

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第3期30卷 335-346页

作者： Huihui Han Hengfeng Miao Yajing Zhang Minfeng Lu Zhenxing Huang Wenquan Ruan School of Environmental & Civil Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of water treatment Suzhou 215009 China

Disinfection byproduct（DBP）precursors in wastewater during the reversed anaerobic–anoxic–oxic（A^2/O）process,as well as their molecular weight（MW）and polarity-based fractions,were characterized with UV scanning,fluorescence excitation emission matrix,Fourier transform infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance *** DBP formation potentials（DBPFPs）after chlorination were further *** indicated that the reversed A^2/O process could not only effectively remove the dissolved organic carbon（DOC）and dissolved total nitrogen in the wastewater,but also affect the MW distribution and hydrophilic–hydrophobic properties of dissolved organic matter（DOM）.The accumulation of low MW and hydrophobic（HPO）DOM was possibly due to the formation of soluble microbial product-like（SMP-like）matters in the reversed A^2/O treatment,especially in the anoxic and aerobic ***,DOM in the wastewater displayed a high carbonaceous disinfection byproduct formation potential（C-DBPFP）in the fractions of MW100 k Da and MW5 k Da,and revealed an increasing tendency of nitrogenous disinfection byproduct formation potential（N-DBPFP）with decrease of *** polarity-based fractions,the HPO fraction of wastewater showed significantly higher C-DBPFP and N-DBPFP than hydrophilic and transphilic ***,although the reversed A^2/O process could remove most DBP precursors by DOC reduction,it led to the enhancement of DBPFP with the formation and accumulation of low MW and HPO *** addition,strong correlations between C-DBPFPs and SUVA,and between N-DBPFPs and DON/DOC,were observed in the wastewater,which might be helpful for DBPFP prediction in wastewater and reclaimed water chlorination.

关键词： Dissolved organic matter Reversed anaerobic-anoxic-oxicprocess Disinfection byproducts Chlorination Molecular weight Hydrophobic

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Selective elimination of chromophoric and fluorescent dissolved organic matter in a full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plant

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第7期29卷 150-161页

作者： Xiaofang Yang Zhongbo Zhou Maddela Naga Raju Xiaoxuan Cai Fangang Meng School of Environmental Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology Guangzhou 510275China Lijiao Wastewater treatment plant Cuangzhou 510275China

Effluent organic matter（Ef OM） from municipal wastewater treatment plants potentially has a detrimental effect on both aquatic organisms and *** study evaluated the removal and transformation of chromophoric dissolved organic matter（CDOM） and fluorescent dissolved organic matter（FDOM） in a full-scale wastewater treatment plant under different *** results showed that bio-treatment was found to be more efficient in removing bulk DOM（in term of dissolved organic carbon,DOC） than CDOM and FDOM,which was contrary to the disinfection *** and FDOM were selectively removed at various stages during the ***,the low molecular weight fractions of CDOM and protein-like FDOM were more efficiently removed during bio-treatment process,whereas the humic-like FDOM exhibited comparable decreases in both bio-treatment and disinfection ***,the performance of the WWTP was weak in terms of CDOM and FDOM removal,resulting in enrichment of CDOM and FDOM in ***,the total removal of the bulk DOM（P 〈 0.05） and the protein-like FDOM（P 〈 0.05） displayed a significant seasonal variation,with higher removal efficiencies in summer,whereas removal of CDOM and the humic-like FDOM showed little differences between summer and *** all,the results provide useful information for understanding the fate and transformation of DOM,illustrating that sub-fractions of DOM could be selectively removed depending on treatment processes and seasonality.

关键词： Municipal wastewater Dissolved organic matter EEM spectroscopy UV–vis absorbance Process dependency

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Evaluation of antioxidant enzymes activities and identification of intermediate products during phytoremediation of an anionic dye(C.I. Acid Blue 92) by pennywort(Hydrocotyle vulgaris)

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第11期25卷 2214-2222页

作者： Fatemeh Vafaei Ali Movafeghi Alireza Khataee Department of plant Biology Faculty of Natural Sciences University of Tabriz Research Laboratory of Advanced water and Wastewater treatment Processes Department of Applied ChemistryFaculty of Chemistry University of Tabriz

The potential of pennywort （Hydrocotyle vulgaris） for phytoremediation of C.I. Acid Blue 92 （AB92） was evaluated. The effects of various experimental parameters including pH, temperature, dye concentration and plant weight on dye removal efficiency were investigated. The results showed that the optimal condition for dye removal were pH 3.5 and temperature 25~C. Moreover, the absolute dye removal enhanced with increase in the initial dye concentration and plant weight. Pennywort showed the same removal efficiency in repeated experiments （four runs） as that obtained from the first run （a 6-day period）. Therefore, the ability of the plant in consecutive removal of AB92 confirmed the biodegradation process. Accordingly, a number of produced intermediate compounds were identified. The effect of treatment on photosynthesis and antioxidant defense system including superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase in plant roots and leaves were evaluated. The results revealed a reduction in photosynthetic pigments content under dye treatments. Antioxidant enzyme responses showed marked variations with respect to the plant organ and dye concentration in the liquid medium. Overall, the increase in antioxidant enzyme activity under AB92 stress in the roots was much higher than that in the leaves. Nevertheless, no significant increase in malondialdehyde content was detected in roots or leaves, implying that the high efficiency of antioxidant system in the elimination of reactive oxygen species. Based on these results, pennywort was founded to be a capable species for phytoremediation of AB92-contaminated water, may be effective for phytoremediation dye-contaminated polluted aquatic ecosystems.

关键词： phytoremediation anionic dye Hydrocotyle vulgaris antioxidant enzymes photosynthetic pigments

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Occurrence and migration of microplastics and plasticizers in different wastewater and sludge treatment units in municipal wastewater treatment plant

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第11期16卷 203-212页

作者： Sen Dong Peng Gao Benhang Li Li Feng Yongze Liu Ziwen Du Liqiu Zhang Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of water Pollution Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediationBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

Microplastics(MPs)and plasticizers,such as phthalate esters(PAEs),were frequently detected in municipal wastewater treatment plants(MWTP).Previous research mainly studied the removal of MPs and PAEs in ***,the occurrence of MPs and PAEs in the sludge was generally *** comprehensively investigate the occurrence and the migration behaviors of MPs and PAEs in MWTP,a series of representative parameters including the number,size,color,shape of MPs,and the concentrations of PAEs in wastewater and sludge were systematically *** this study,the concentrations of MPs in the influent and effluent were 15.46±0.37 and 0.30±0.14 particles/*** MP removal efficiency of 98.1%was achieved and about 73.8%of MPs were accumulated in the sludge in the *** numbers of MPs in the sludge before and after digestion were 4.40±0.14 and 0.31±0.01 particles/g(dry sludge),*** Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(ATR FT-IR)analysis showed that the main types of MPs were polyethylene terephthalate(PET),polypropylene(PP),polyethylene(PE),and polystyrene(PS).Six PAEs,including phthalate(DMP),diethyl phthalate(DEP),diisobutyl phthalate(DIBP),ortho dibutyl phthalate(DBP),butyl benzyl phthalate(BBP),and bis(2-ethyl)hexyl phthalate(DEHP),were detected in the *** concentrations of total PAEs(ΣPAEs)in the influent and effluent were 76.66 and 6.28μg/L,*** concentrations ofΣPAEs in the sludge before and after digestion were 152.64 and 31.70μg/g,*** the process of thermal hydrolysis,the number and size of MPs decreased accompanied by the increase of the plasticizer concentration.

关键词： Microplastics Municipal wastewater treatment plant Phthalate esters Thermal hydrolysis

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Microbiological parameters and maturity degree during composting of Posidonia oceanica residues mixed with vegetable wastes in semi-arid pedo-climatic condition

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第10期21卷 1452-1458页

作者： SAIDI Neyla KOUKI Soulwene M'HIRI Fadhel JEDIDI Naceur MAHROUK Meriam HASSEN Abdennaceur OUZARI Hadda Centre of Research and Technology and of water (CRTW) treatment and Recycling Laboratory (Pilote plant of El Menzah 1) 95-2050 Hammam Lif Tunisia International center of Technology of the Environment Boulevard of the leader Yasser Arafet Tunis 1080 Tunisia

The aim of this study was to characterize the biological stability and maturity degree of compost during a controlled pile-composting trial of mixed vegetable residues （VR） collected from markets of Tunis City with residues of Posidonia oceanica （PoR）, collected from Tunis beaches. The accumulation in beaches （as well as their removal） constitutes a serious environmental problem in all Mediterranean countries particularly in Tunisia. Aerobic-thermophilic composting is the most reasonable way to profit highly-valuable content of organic matter in these wastes for agricultural purposes. The physical, chemical, and biological parameters were monitored during composting over 150 d. The most appropriate parameters were selected to establish the maturity degree. The main result of this research was the deduction of the following maturity criterion：（a） C/N ratio 〈 15; （b） NH4^＋-N 〈 400 mg/kg; （c） CO2-C 〈 2000 mg CO2-C/kg; （d） dehydrogenase activity 〈 1 mg TPF/g dry matter; （e） germination index （GI）〉 80%. These five parameters, considered jointly are indicative of a high maturity degree and thus of a high-quality organic amendment which employed in a rational way, may improve soil fertility and soil quality. The mature compost was relatively rich in N （13.0 g/kg）, P （4.74 g/kg） and MgO （15.80 g/kg）. Thus composting definitively constitutes the most optimal option to exploit these wastes.

关键词： soil degradation recycling composting organic amendment maturity degree

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Screening and Characterization of the High-Cellulase-Producing Strain Aspergillus glaucus XC9

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Frontiers in Biology 2006年第1期1卷 35-40页

作者： Xu Chang Long Minnan Wu Xiaobing Xu Huijuan Chen Zhongan Zhang Fengzhang Xu Liangshu Institute of Microbiology and Marine Medicine School of Life SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Haicang Waste water treatment plant Xiamen 361026China

Cellulose is a kind of renewable resource that is abundant in *** can be degraded by microorganisms such as mildew.A mildew strain with high cellulase activity was isolated from mildewy maize cob and classified as Aspergillus glaucus XC9 by morphological and 18S rRNA gene sequence *** studied the effects of nitrogen source,initial pH,temperature,incubation time,medium composition,and surfactants on cellulase *** activities of carboxymethylcellulase(6,812 U/g dry koji)and filter paperase(172 U/g dry koji)were obtained in conditions as follows:initial pH,5.5–6.0;temperature,30℃;cultivation period,3–4 days;inoculum ratio,6%(vol/vol);sugarcane bagasse/wheat bran ratio,4:*** bagasse was used as substrate and mixed with wet koji at a 1:1(wt/wt)ratio,the yield of reducing sugars was 36.4%.The corresponding conversion rate of cellulose to reducing sugars went as high as 81.9%.The results suggest that *** XC9 is a preferred candidate for cellulase production.

关键词： Aspergillus glaucus cellulase activity saccharification

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Mechanisms for simultaneous ozonation of sulfamethoxazole and natural organic matters in secondary effluent from sewage treatment plant

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021年第4期15卷 299-310页

作者： Xinshu Liu Xiaoman Su Sijie Tian Yue Li Rongfang Yuan Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented treatment of Industrial Pollutants Department of Environmental Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China

Sulfamethoxazole(SMX)is commonly detected in wastewater and cannot be completely decomposed during conventional treatment ***(O_(3))is often used in water *** study explored the influence of natural organic matters(NOM)in secondary effluent of a sewage treatment plant on the ozonation pathways of *** changes in NOM components during ozonation were also *** was primarily degraded by hydrolysis,isoxazole-ring opening,and double-bond addition,whereas hydroxylation was not the principal route given the low maximum abundances of the hydroxylated products,with m/z of 269 and *** hydroxylation process occurred mainly through indirect oxidation because the maximum abundances of the products reduced by about 70%after the radical quencher was added,whereas isoxazole-ring opening and double-bond addition processes mainly depended on direct oxidation,which was unaffected by the *** mainly affected the degradation of micropollutants by consuming•OH rather than O_(3)molecules,resulting in the 63%–85%decrease in indirect oxidation *** NOM in the effluent were also degraded simultaneously during ozonation,and the components with larger aromaticity were more likely degraded through direct *** dependences of the three main components of NOM in the effluent on indirect oxidation followed the sequence:humic-like substances>fluvic-like substance-s>protein-like *** study reveals the ozonation mechanism of SMX in secondary effluent and provides a theoretical basis for the control of SMX and its degradation products in actual water treatment.

关键词： Sulfamethoxazole Ozonation Natural organic matters Secondary effluent Degradation mechanism

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Characterization of the airborne bacteria community at different distances from the rotating brushes in a wastewater treatment plant by 16S rRNA gene clone libraries

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第1期25卷 5-15页

作者： Yunping Han Lin Li Junxin Liu Department of water Pollution Control Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences

Biological risks of bioaerosols emitted from wastewater treatment processes have attracted wide attention in the recent years. However, the culture-based analysis method has been mostly adopted for detecting the bacterial community in bioaerosols, which may result in the underestimation of total microorganism concentration as not all microorganisms are cultivable. In this study, oligonucleotide fingerprinting of 16S rRNA genes was applied to reveal the composition and structure of the bacterial community in bioaerosols from an Orbal oxidation ditch in a Beijing wastewater treatment plant （WWTP）. Bioaerosols were collected at different distances from the aerosol source, rotating brushes, and the sampling height was 1.5 m which is the common respiratory height of a human being. The bacterial communities of bioaerosols were diverse, and the lowest bacterial diversity was found at the sampling site just after the rotating brush rotating brush. A large proportion of bacteria in bioaerosols were affiliated with Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Numerous bacteria present in the bioaerosols also emerged in water, indicating that the bacterial community in the bioaerosols was related to that of the aerosols＇ sources. The forced aeration of rotating brushes brought about observably distinct bacterial communities between sampling sites situated before and after the rotating brush. Isolation sources of closest relatives in bioaerosols clone libraries were associated with the aqueous environment in the WWTP. Common potential pathogens in bioaerosols as well as those not reported in previous research were also analyzed in this study. Measures should be adopted to reduce the emission of bioaerosols and prevent their exposure to workers.

关键词： airborne bacteria genetic structure clone library wastewater treatment plant rotating brushes

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