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Lasers in gastroenterology

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2001年第3期7卷 317-323页

作者： LaurenceB.Lovat StephenG.Bown Lovat BSc PhD mrcp Senior Lecturer in Gastroenterology. National Medical Laser CentreUCL67-73 Riding House StreetLondon

INTRODUCTIONEndoscopy has revolutionised our management of many gastrointestinal disorders over the past 30 years .We are increasingly able to diagnose gastrointestinal (GI) tumors at an early stage,and endoscopic therapy has made a difference to the outcome of GI haemorrhage. We still rely on surgery for cure of cancer of cancer but as diagnostic techniques improve the goal of minimally invasive diagnosis and therapy appears ever more attainable diagnosis and therapy appears vevr more attainable . As populations get older ,it is also increasingly desirable .Laser light can be used for both diagnosis and therapy in the gut .This article reviews the value of lasers in these areas .

关键词： Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal Gastrointestinal Diseases Humans Lasers

Decoding the nexus:branched-chain amino acids and their connection with sleep,circadian rhythms,and cardiometabolic health

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1350-1363页

作者： Hui Li Laurent Seugnet Department of Neurology Xijing HospitalXi’anShaanxi ProvinceChina Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon Integrated Physiology of the Brain Arousal Systems(WAKING)UniversitéClaude Bernard Lyon 1INSERM U1028CNRS UMR 5292BronFrance

The sleep-wake cycle stands as an integrative process essential for sustaining optimal brain function and,either directly or indirectly,overall body health,encompassing metabolic and cardiovascular *** the heightened metabolic activity of the brain,there exists a considerable demand for nutrients in comparison to other *** these,the branched-chain amino acids,comprising leucine,isoleucine,and valine,display distinctive significance,from their contribution to protein structure to their involvement in overall metabolism,especially in cerebral *** the first amino acids that are released into circulation post-food intake,branched-chain amino acids assume a pivotal role in the regulation of protein synthesis,modulating insulin secretion and the amino acid sensing pathway of target of ***-chain amino acids are key players in influencing the brain's uptake of monoamine precursors,competing for a shared *** their involvement in protein synthesis,these amino acids contribute to the metabolic cycles ofγ-aminobutyric acid and glutamate,as well as energy ***,they impact GABAergic neurons and the excitation/inhibition *** rhythmicity of branchedchain amino acids in plasma concentrations,observed over a 24-hour cycle and conserved in rodent models,is under circadian clock *** mechanisms underlying those rhythms and the physiological consequences of their disruption are not fully *** sleep,obesity,diabetes,and cardiovascular diseases can elevate branched-chain amino acid concentrations or modify their oscillatory *** mechanisms driving these effects are currently the focal point of ongoing research efforts,since normalizing branched-chain amino acid levels has the ability to alleviate the severity of these *** this context,the Drosophila model,though underutilized,holds promise in shedding new light on these *** findings indicate its po

关键词： branched-chain amino acids cardiovascular health circadian clock drosophila insulin metabolism sleep γ-aminobutyric acid

Non-pharmacological treatments in the irritable bowel syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2001年第3期7卷 313-316页

作者： ALeahy OEpstein Centre for Gastroenterology Royal Free and University College Medical SchoolLondonUK Dr.A Lcahy MRCPGastroenterology Specialist Registrar Dr.O Epstein FRCP Consultant Gastroenterologist.

INTRODUCTIONThe irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a gastrointestinal disorder characteried by chronic lower abdominal pain and disordered defaecation associated with bloating ,tenesmus and extra-intestinal symptoms including and functional upper gastrointestinal symptoms .Currently there is nounifying hypothesis which adepuately explains the pathogenesis of the disorder although a number of physiological and psychological abmormalites have been described.

关键词： Biofeedback (Psychology) Hypnosis Psychotherapy Colonic Diseases, Functional Humans

Syndecans in Alzheimer's disease:pathogenetic mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2594-2595页

作者： Carmela Rita Balistreri Roberto Monastero Cellular Molecular and Clinical Pathological LaboratoryDepartment of BiomedicineNeuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics(Bi.N.D.)University of PalermoPalermoItaly Memory and Parkinson’s disease Center Policlinico“Paolo Giaccone”PalermoDepartment of BiomedicineNeuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics(Bi.N.D.)University of PalermoVia La Loggia 1PalermoItaly

With increasing age,humans become more susceptible to the onset of neurodegenerative diseases(NDs),and among these,Alzheimer's disease(AD)is the most frequent(Nicoletti et al.,2023).NDs are primarily characterized by neuronal loss and atrophy,but also by lesions involving the cerebral and/or cardiovascular system(Balistreri,2021).Lesions such as macroinfa rcts,microinfarcts,hemorrhages,white matter lesions,atherosclerosis,and arteriolosclerosis have also been significantly described in the preclinical stages of cognitive impairment characterizing NDs(Mariani et al.,2007).

关键词： Alzheimer cardiovascular

The Relationship between First Night Effect and Psychosocial Characteristics

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The Relationship between First Night Effect and Psychosocial...

Acoustic Noise from Tandem Wind Rotors of Intelligent Wind Power Unit

2006年中国睡眠研究会第四届学术年会

作者： Wing YK Department of Psychiatry The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR MRCPsych MRCPFHKAM（Psych）

＜正＞Background: There was a dearth of relationship between FNE and psychosocial characteristics, and criteria of FNE were variable in previous studies. Method: Participants’ health was evaluated by three phases: questionnaire screening, face-to-face clinical interview, and sleep laboratory. Healthy sleepers slept in the sleep laboratory for two consecutive nights with their usual sleep schedule. They were divided into FNE or non-FNE subjects by RREMLdiff＞20% or not. Furthermore, we gathered their psychosocial characteristics. Result: 61 healthy subjects （age: 40.9 ± 4.9 years [SD]）, 33 FNE and 28 non-FNE, participated two consecutive nights polysomnography （PSG） assessment. In the FNE group, most of sleep parameters evolved in the second night, while it did not happen in the non-FNE group. In both nights, two groups experienced few NREM Ⅲ ＆ Ⅳ and many NREM Ⅰ ＆ Ⅱ, and their sleep was somewhat fragmented. After controlling gender and age, the non-FNE group had lower trait anxiety （OR: 0.857, 95% CI: 0.779-0.944） and was scare in employed subjects （OR: 5.051, 95% CI: 1.249-20.430）. Conclusion: RREMLdiff＞20% should be a validity index in defining FNE. The low proportion of SWS in both groups might be related to more than two-night FNE and the middle-age effect. Since FNE was considered as adaptation of behavior to environmental pressures, and trait anxiety referred to a general tendency to respond with anxiety to perceived threats in the environment, it was not surprising that anxiety-related personality traits could attenuate FNE. It was difficult to be explained that FNE was scare in employed subject. It might be due to their different life style.

关键词： first-night effect (FNE) psychosocial characteristics

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Journal of Thermal Science 2010年第2期19卷 120-125页

作者： Koichi Kubo Nobuhiko Mihara Akira Enishi Toshiaki Kanemoto Kyushu Institute of Technology:Sensui 1-1

The authors had invented the unique wind power unit composed of the large-sized front wind rotor,the small-sized rear wind rotor and the peculiar generator with the inner and the outer rotational armatures without the conventional *** unit is called "Intelligent Wind Power Unit" by the *** front and the rear wind rotors drive the inner and the outer armatures,respectively,while the rotational torque is counter-balanced between both armatures/wind *** paper discusses experimentally the acoustic noise from the front and the rear wind *** acoustic noise,in the counter-rotating operation,is induced mainly from the flow interaction between both rotors,and has the dominant power spectrum density at the frequency of the blade passing *** noise is caused mainly from the turbulent fluctuation due to the flow separation on the blade,when the rear wind rotor stops or rotates in the same direction as the front wind rotor.

关键词： Acoustic noise Wind turbine Tandem wind rotors Counter-rotation

Fluid sample injectors for x-ray free electron laser at SACLA

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2017年第2期5卷 1-7页

作者： Kensuke Tono Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute 1-1-1 Kouto Sayo flyogo 679-5198 Japan RIKEN SPring-8 Center 1-1-1 Kouto Sayo Hyogo 679-5148 Japan

This paper provides a review on sample injectors which are provided at SPring-8 Angstrom Compact free electron LAser(SACLA) for conducting serial measurement in a ‘diffract-before-destroy' scheme using an x-ray free electron laser(XFEL). Versatile experimental platforms at SACLA are able to accept various types of injectors, among which liquidjet, droplet and viscous carrier injectors are frequently utilized. These injectors produce different forms of fluid targets such as a liquid filament with a diameter in the order of micrometer, micro-droplet synchronized to XFEL pulses, and slowly flowing column of highly viscous fluid with a rate below 1 μL min-1. Characteristics and applications of the injectors are described.

关键词： SACLA sample injector serial femtosecond crystallography x-ray free electron laser

A simulation-based evaluation of the absolute and comparative approaches in a code compliance process from the energy use perspective: Cold-climate case study

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Building Simulation 2022年第8期15卷 1401-1418页

作者： Sara Gilani Alex Ferguson Meli Stylianou CanmetENERGY-Ottawa Natural Resources Canada1 Haanel DrOttawaON K1A 1M1Canada

Like many countries,Canada's building code includes a performance compliance path that compares the energy use of a proposed design to that of a reference ***,provinces across Canada are contemplating an alternative absolute energy use intensity ***,the effect of adopting the absolute approach on house design is not well *** study first developed a proof-of-concept methodology for a technical simulation-based comparison of the two ***,it performed a comparative analysis between the design outcomes of the two approaches using the developed *** this end,statistically representative archetypes were configured to comply with the prescriptive requirements of the building *** characteristics of each archetype were then varied through parametric study,and the resulting energy performance under the absolute and comparative approaches were *** results of this study indicated that the two approaches had different effects on the design and energy use of houses in heating-dominated climate *** performing better under the absolute approach consumed less energy and exhibited more compact architectural *** houses were also less sensitive to improvements in airtightness and envelope than houses performing better under the comparative *** results suggest that adopting the absolute approach based on the energy use intensity metric in building codes would encourage design and construction of houses with higher energy efficiency.

关键词： performance path energy efficiency absolute target percent better than code reference building archetype

Relationship between space charge and effective pore size of nanoporous electrode in electric double-layer capacitor

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Particuology 2011年第1期9卷 91-94页

作者： Daisuke Tashima Masahisa Otsubo Interdisciplinary Research Organization University of Miyazaki 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-Nishi 1-1 Miyazaki 889-2192 Japan Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Miyazaki 1-1 Gakuenkibanadai-Nishi 1-1 Miyazaki 889-2192 Japan

The space-charge distributions of electric double-layer capacitors （EDLCs）, which are energy storage devices, were examined with the pulsed electroacoustic （PEA） method. It was found that the experimental results could be influenced by the reflection and penetration of sound waves when the space-charge dis- tributions of EDLCs were measured with the PEA method. This is because EDLCs have a five-layer structure consisting of three materials （aluminum, cellulose, and activated carbon）. We calculated the reflection wave components that influenced the charge density through the acoustic impedance and the relative permittivity of the materials. In this way, we found that the changes in the space-charge distributions of EDLCs and their charge characteristics corresponded closely. We determined that measuring the space- charge distributions with the PEA method was effective for evaluating the charge accumulation of EDLCs. In this study, a polarized electrode was prepared for use in EDLCs. The ratio of the surface area to the average pore diameter of the polarized electrode was measured with the nitrogen adsorption method at 77 K. The relationship between the ratio of the surface area to the average pore size and the space-charge distributions of EDLCs is also discussed in this paper.

关键词： Electric double-layer capacitors Pulsed electroacoustic method Pore size