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new data from ICDP borehole SK2 and its constraint on the beginning of the Lower Cretaceous Shahezi Formation in the Songliao Basin, ne China

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Science Bulletin 2021年第5期66卷 411-413,M0003页

作者： Haibo Liu Pujun Wang Youfeng Gao Hesheng Hou Yongkang Yin Honghao Li Yuhui Feng Key Laboratory for Evolution of Past Life and Environment in Northeast asia Ministry of EducationJilin UniversityChangchun 130026China College of Earth Sciences Jilin UniversityChangchun 130061China Research Center of Palaeontology and Stratigraphy Jilin UniversityChangchun 130026China Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037China College of Paleontology Shenyang Normal UniversityShenyang 110034China

The Songliao Basin is one of the largest non-marine petroliferous basins in the globally and contains nearly complete Cretaceous terrestrial sedimentary records[1,2].The Shahezi Formation,named after Shahezi Village,Changtu County,Liaoning Province,is a thick terrestrial clastic sedimentary succession deposited during the rift period of the Songliao Basin[1].Accordingly,it is significant for research on initial basin history restoration and global continental–marine stratigraphic correlation,to certificate the deposition time of the Shahezi Formation[2–4].

关键词： terrestrial globally Cretaceous

Uplift, climate and biotic changes at the Eocene-Oligocene transition in south-eastern Tibet

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National Science Review 2019年第3期6卷 495-504页

作者： Tao Su Robert A.Spicer Shi-Hu Li He Xu Jian Huang Sarah Sherlock Yong-Jiang Huang Shu-Feng Li Li Wang Lin-Bo Jia Wei-Yu-Dong Deng Jia Liu Cheng-Long Deng Shi-Tao Zhang Paul J.Valdes Zhe-Kun Zhou Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Paleobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Environment Earth and Ecosystem Sciences The Open UniversityMK7 6AA UK Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Geodynamics and Geohazards School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Institute of Geology and Paleontology Linyi University Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East asia Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Faculty of Land Resource Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology School of Geographical Sciences and Cabot Institute University of Bristol

The uplift history of south-eastern Tibet is crucial to understanding processes driving the tectonic evolution of the Tibetan Plateau and surrounding areas. Underpinning existing palaeoaltimetric studies has been regional mapping based in large part on biostratigraphy that assumes a neogene modernization of the highly diverse, but threatened, asian biota. Here, with new radiometric dating and newly collected plant-fossil archives, we quantify the surface height of part of the south-eastern margin of Tibet in the latest Eocene(～34 Ma) to be ～3 km and rising, possibly attaining its present elevation(3.9 km) in the early Oligocene. We also find that the Eocene–Oligocene transition in south-eastern Tibet witnessed leaf-size diminution and a floral composition change from sub-tropical/warm temperate to cool temperate, likely reflective of both uplift and secular climate change, and that, by the latest Eocene, floral modernization on Tibet had already taken place, implying modernization was deeply rooted in the Palaeogene.

关键词： biodiversity Eocene Oligocene plant fossil Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau uplift

Bridge Pressure Flow Scour at Clear Water Threshold Condition

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2009年第2期15卷 79-94页

作者：郭俊克 KERENYI Kornel PAGAN-ORTIZ Jorge E FLORA Kevin Department of Civil Engineering University of Nebraska-Lincoln PKI 204D 1110 S 67th ST Omaha NE 68182-0178 USA Office of Infrastructure R&D Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center Federal Highway Administration 6300 Georgetown Pike McLean VA 22101 USA Office of Bridge Technology Federal Highway Administration 1200 New JerSey Avenue SE Washington DC 20590 USA California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) P. O. Box 942873 Sacramento CA 94273-0001 USA

Bridge pressure flow scour at clear water threshold condition is studied theoretically and *** flume experiments reveal that the measured scour profiles under a bridge are more or less 2-dimensional;all the measured scour profiles can be described by two similarity equations,where the horizontal distance is scaled by the deck width while the local scour by the maximum scour depth;the maximum scour position is located just under the bridge about 15% deck width from the downstream deck edge;the scour begins at about one deck width upstream the bridge while the deposition occurs at about 2.5 deck widths downstream the bridge;and the maximum scour depth decreases with increas-ing sediment size,but increases with deck *** theoretical analysis shows that:bridge scour can be divided into three cases,*** unsubmerged,partially submerged,and totally *** downstream unsubmerged flows,the maximum bridge scour depth is an open-channel problem where the conventional methods in terms of critical velocity or bed shear stress can be applied;for partially and totally submerged flows,the equilibrium maximum scour depth can be described by a scour and an inundation similarity number,which has been confirmed by experiments with two decks and two sediment *** application,a design and field evaluation procedure with examples is presented,including the maximum scour depth and scour profile.

关键词： bridge decks bridge design bridge foundations bridge hydraulics bridge inundation bridge scour pressure flows pressure scour submerged flows.

Geographical range evolution of the genus Polypedates(Anura:Rhacophoridae)from the Oligocene to present

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Zoological Research 2021年第1期42卷 116-123页

作者： Li-Mei Yuan Xi-Ling Deng De-Chun Jiang Sebastian Klaus Nikolai LOrlov Kong Yang Jia-Tang Li Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Southwest Minzu UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization&Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesChengduSichuan 610041China Department of Ecology and Evolution J.W.Goethe-UniversitätFrankfurt/M.Hessen 60438Germany Zoological Institute Russian Academy of SciencesSt.Petersburg 199034Russia Southeast asia Biodiversity Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesNay Pyi Taw 05282Myanmar CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina

DEAR EDITOR,Currently,the genus Polypedates comprises 26 species distributed in South,Southeast,and East *** of their relatively low dispersal capability and intolerance to seawater,this genus is ideal for the study of terrestrial range evolution that extends into the island archipelagos of southeastern *** this study,based on data compiled for Polypedates from previous studies and partial mitochondrial and nuclear genes collected in this study,we performed systematic biogeographical *** confirmed a Sundaland origin for the extant genus and showed northward dispersal into mainland Southeast asia and asia,which coincided with the timing of paleoclimatic change from the Oligocene to Middle *** fluctuations had a profound impact on species diversification within the genus ***,the Red River did not mediate species exchange between Southeast asia and mainland asia until the end of the Miocene,with the sudden onset of northward dispersal in several clades independently at that ***,the lineage of widespread insular *** strongly supports the hypothesis of terrestrial connection between island archipelagos of Southeast asia during the Mid-Pleistocene paleoclimate *** biogeographical analysis also supports the recent introduction of *** to the Philippines and Ryukyus,as previously suggested.

关键词： mainland northward evolution

Cenozoic plants from Tibet:An extraordinary decade of discovery,understanding and implications

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第2期66卷 205-226页

作者： Zhekun ZHOU Jia LIU Linlin CHEN Robert A.SPICER Shufeng LI Jian HUANG Shitao ZHANG Yongjiang HUANG Linbo JIA Jinjin HU Tao SU CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMengla666303China CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650204China School of Environment Earth and Ecosystem SciencesThe Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76AAUK Faculty of Land Resource Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming650093China State Key Laboratory of Paleobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and PaleontologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing210008China

Plant fossils play an important role in understanding landscape evolution across the Tibetan Region,as well as plant diversity across wider eastern *** the last decade or so,paleobotanical investigations within the Tibet Region have led to a paradigm shift in our understanding of how the present plateau formed and how this affected the regional climate and *** is because:(1)Numerous new taxa have been *** all the Cenozoic records of new plant fossil species reported from the Tibet(Xizang)Autonomous Region 45 out of 63(70%)were documented after *** these,many represent the earliest records from asia,or in some cases worldwide,at the genus or family level.(2)These fossils show that during the Paleogene,the region now occupied by the Tibetan Plateau was a globally significant floristic exchange *** on paleobiogeographic studies,grounded by fossil evidence,there are four models of regional floristic migration and exchange,i.e.,into Tibet,out of Tibet,out of India and into/out of Africa.(3)Plant fossils evidence the asynchronous formation histories for different parts of the Tibetan *** most of the Paleogene,there was a wide east-west trending valley with a subtropical climate in central Tibet bounded by high(>4 km)mountain systems,but that by the early Oligocene the modern high plateau had begun to form by the rise of the valley *** reconstructions using radiometrically-dated plant fossil assemblages in southeastern Tibet show that by the earliest Oligocene southeastern Tibet(including the Hengduan Mountains)had reached its present elevation.(4)The coevolution between vegetation,landform and paleoenvironment is evidenced by fossil records from what is now the central Tibetan *** the Paleocene to Pliocene,plant diversity transformed from that of tropical,to subtropical forests,through warm to cool temperate woodland and eventually to deciduous shrubland in response to landscape evolution from a seas

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Cenozoic Paleobotany Flora Central valley Biodiversity

DISCOMYCETES: the apothecial representatives of the phylum Ascomycota

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Fungal Diversity 2017年第6期87卷 237-298页

作者： A.H.Ekanayaka H.A.Ariyawansa K.D.Hyde E.B.G.Jones D.A.Daranagama A.J.L.Phillips S.Hongsanan S.C.Jayasiri Qi Zhao Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology College of Bio-resources and AgricultureNational Taiwan UniversityNo.1Sec.4Roosevelt RoadTaipei 106TaiwanROC Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology Faculty of AgricultureChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Faculty of Sciences Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute(BioISI)University of LisbonCampo Grande1749-016 LisbonPortugal Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute Yunnan Academy of Agricultural ScienceKunming 650221YunnanPeople’s Republic of China

Discomycetes are an artificial grouping of apothecia-producing fungi in the phylum ***-based studies have revealed that the discomycetes can be found among ten classes of *** classification of discomycetes has been a major challenge due to the lack of a clear understanding of the important morphological characters,as well as a lack of reference *** this review,we provide a historical perspective of discomycetes,notes on their morphology(including both asexual and sexual morphs),ecology and importance,an outline of discomycete families and a synoptical cladogram of currently accepted families in Ascomycota showing their systematic *** also calculated evolutionary divergence times for major discomycetous taxa based on phylogenetic relationships using a combined LSU,SSU and RPB2 data set from 175 strains and fossil *** results confirm that discomycetes are found in two major subphyla of the Ascomycota:Taphrinomycotina and *** taxonomic placement of major discomycete taxa is briefly *** most basal group of discomycetes is the class neolectomycetes,which diverged from other Taphrinomycotina around 417 MYA(216–572),and the most derived group of discomycetes,the class Lecanoromycetes,diverged from Eurotiomycetes around 340 MYA(282–414).Further clarifications based on type specimens,designation of epitypes or reference specimens from fresh collections,and multi-gene analyses are needed to determine the taxonomic arrangement of many discomycetes.

关键词： Asci amyloidity Lichenized discomycetes Non-operculate discomycetes Operculate discomycetes

外源酶制剂的潜在营养价值及其在实际生产中的应用

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中国猪业 2020年第5期15卷 56-59,62页

作者：李敬宫官王润之(译) Bedford mr Cowieson AJ AB Vista asia Pte Ltd. 新加坡329682 南京市畜牧家禽科学研究所江苏南京210000 不详

在实际应用中,酶制剂的使用通常与潜在营养价值的应用密切相关,以实现预期效果这些潜在营养价值可采用不同的方法进行测定,但在多数情况下采用消化率和性能试验来测定。然而,每一种方法都有其局限性,特别是进行独立消化试验时,这种方法... 详细信息

在实际应用中,酶制剂的使用通常与潜在营养价值的应用密切相关,以实现预期效果这些潜在营养价值可采用不同的方法进行测定,但在多数情况下采用消化率和性能试验来测定。然而,每一种方法都有其局限性,特别是进行独立消化试验时,这种方法容易忽视摄食和吸收后的效应。同时,饲用酶的效果在很大程度上受环境、日粮以及养殖等相关因素的影响。因此,商业营养师应考虑生成营养潜在营养价值的分析条件与酶的使用条件之间的差异。在应用中,如果因为原料限制(如最低脂肪浓度)而无法减少昂贵、营养丰富的原料的使用,那么应用酶制剂的潜在营养价值不一定会如预期那样降低成本。此外,大多数酶都以固定添加量进行配制,这限制了其应用价值,因为大多数酶倾向于以对数剂量;线性营养释放关系来释放营养物质。有些方法会考虑到这一效应,并且能够使用酶制剂实现真正的最低配方成本最后,通常一种商业饲料可使用3种酶制剂,每种酶都有相应的能量潜在营养价值。虽然它们体现潜在营养价值的机制可能有所不同,但在实际应用之前我们需确保其潜在营养价值是真实可叠加的。

关键词：植酸酶非淀粉多糖降解酶潜在营养价值

神经突起方向离散度和密度成像定量评估肝豆状核变性患者脑核团微结构改变

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中国医学影像技术 2018年第5期34卷 650-655页

作者：宋玉坤陈颖茜初建平李欣蓓周香雪黄小龙赵静王玉亮严序中山大学附属第一医院放射科广东广州510080 深圳市中医院放射科广东深圳518033 中山大学附属第一医院神经内科广东广州510080 中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院神经内科广东广州510120 深圳市南山区人民医院广东深圳518052 西门子医疗东北亚mr科研合作部上海100102

目的观察神经突起方向离散度与密度成像(NODDI)定量分析肝豆状核变性(WD)基底核及丘脑核团微结构改变的价值,并评估NODDI对WD的诊断效能。方法收集27例WD患者(WD组)及性别、年龄与之匹配的健康志愿者26名(对照组)行mr扫描,采用NODDI后... 详细信息

目的观察神经突起方向离散度与密度成像(NODDI)定量分析肝豆状核变性(WD)基底核及丘脑核团微结构改变的价值,并评估NODDI对WD的诊断效能。方法收集27例WD患者(WD组)及性别、年龄与之匹配的健康志愿者26名(对照组)行mr扫描,采用NODDI后处理方法,获得双侧尾状核、壳核、苍白球、丘脑的NODDI参数,包括神经突内体积分数(Vic)、神经突方向离散度(ODI)和脑脊液体积分数(Viso),比较两组间差异;分析各参数与临床Young评分的相关性,并采用随机森林模型评估各参数的相对重要性及对WD的诊断效能。结果 WD组双侧尾状核、壳核、苍白球的Vic值和ODI值均低于对照组,而Viso值高于对照组(P均<0.05);与对照组比较,丘脑的Vic值降低而Viso值升高(P均<0.05),ODI值差异无统计学意义(P=0.055)。WD患者双侧尾状核、壳核、苍白球的Vic值和ODI值与临床Young评分呈负相关,壳核、苍白球的Viso值与临床评分呈正相关。采用随机森林模型,NODDI预测WD的准确率为96.23%,ROC曲线下面积为0.96。结论 NODDI可有效评估WD患者脑部铜沉积所致微观结构和代谢变化,有望用于检测WD患者脑深部核团结构改变,并评估其病情进展。

关键词：肝豆状核变性神经突起方向离散度与密度成像磁共振成像

The genomic and bulked segregant analysis of Curcuma alismatifolia revealed its diverse bract pigmentation

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aBIOTECH 2022年第3期3卷 178-196页

作者： Xuezhu Liao Yuanjun Ye Xiaoni Zhang Dan Peng Mengmeng Hou Gaofei Fu Jianjun Tan Jianli Zhao Rihong Jiang Yechun Xu Jinmei Liu Jinliang Yang Wusheng Liu Luke RTembrock Genfa Zhu Zhiqiang Wu Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureGenome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen518120China Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization Environmental Horticulture Research InstituteGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou510640China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology Yunnan UniversityKunming650504China Guangxi Engineering and Technology Research Center for Woody Spices Guangxi Key Laboratory for Cultivation and Utilization of Special Non-Timber Forest CropsGuangxi Forestry Research InstituteNanning530002China Department of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE68583USA Department of Horticultural Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC27607USA Department of Agricultural Biology Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO80523USA Kunpeng Institute of Modern Agriculture at Foshan Foshan528200China

Compared with most flowers where the showy part comprises specialized leaves(petals)directly subtending the reproductive structures,most Zingiberaceae species produce showy“flowers”through modifications of leaves(bracts)subtending the true flowers throughout an *** alismatifolia,belonging to the Zingiberaceae family,a plant species originating from Southeast asia,has become increasingly popular in the flower market worldwide because of its varied and esthetically pleasing bracts produced in different ***,we present the chromosome-scale genome assembly of ***“Chiang Mai Pink”and explore the underlying mechanisms of bract *** genomic analysis revealed *** contains a residual signal of whole-genome *** genes,including pigment-related genes,exhibit functional and structural differentiation resulting in diverse bract colors among *** *** addition,we identified the key genes that produce different colored bracts in ***,such as F3′5'H,DFR,ANS and several transcription factors for anthocyanin synthesis,as well as chlH and CAO in the chlorophyll synthesis pathway by conducting transcriptomic analysis,bulked segregant analysis using both DNA and RNA data,and population genomic *** work provides data for understanding the mechanism of bract pigmentation and will accelerate breeding in developing novel cultivars with richly colored bracts in *** and related *** is also important to understand the variation in the evolution of the Zingiberaceae family.

关键词： Anthocyanin synthesis Siam tulip Floriculture Zingiberaceae Genome evolution