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Electrochemical conversion of methane to bridge the gap in the artificial carbon cycle

Journal of energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 286-308页

作者： Yuhao Peng Yuefeng Song Ihar Razanau Juanxiu Xiao Wei Xiao Di Hu Guoxiong Wang College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources Wuhan University State key laboratory of Catalysis Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials) Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences laboratory of Physical-Chemical technologies SSPA Scientific and Practical Materials Research Centre of NAS of Belarus State key laboratory of Marine Resources utilization in South China Sea Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology School of Marine Science and Engineering Hainan University Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Nottingham Ningbo China

Methane, an abundant one-carbon（C1） resource, is extensively used in the industrial production of vital fuels and value-added chemicals. However, current industrial methane conversion technologies are energy-and carbon-intensive, mainly due to the high activation energy required to break the inert C–H bond, low selectivity, and problematic side reactions, including CO2emissions and coke deposition. Electrochemical conversion of methane（ECM） using intermittent renewable energy offers an attractive solution, due to its modular reactor design and operational flexibility across a broad spectrum of temperatures and pressures. This review emphasizes conversion pathways of methane in various reaction systems, highlighting the significance and advantages of ECM in facilitating a sustainable artificial carbon cycle. This work provides a comprehensive overview of conventional methane activation mechanisms and delineates the complete pathways of methane conversion in electrolysis contexts. Based on surface/interface chemistry, this work systematically analyzes proposed reaction pathways and corresponding strategies to enhance ECM efficiency towards various target products, including syngas, hydrocarbons, oxygenates, and advanced carbon materials. The discussion also encompasses opportunities and challenges for the ECM process, including insights into ECM pathways, rational electrocatalyst design, establishment of benchmarking protocols, electrolyte engineering, enhancement of CH4conversion rates, and minimization of CO2emission.

关键词： Methane Electrochemical conversion Reaction mechanism Catalyst design Electrode Electrocatalysis

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Effect of operating parameters on the performance of thermally regenerative ammonia-based battery for low-temperature waste heat recovery

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2021年第4期34卷 335-340页

作者： Yu Shi Liang Zhang Jun Li Qian Fu Xun Zhu Qiang Liao Yongsheng Zhang key laboratory of low-grade energy utilization technologies and systems Ministry of EducationChongqing 400030China

This study investigated the important factors that affect the operating parameters of thermally regenerative ammoniabased batteries(TRABs),including the metal electrode type,membrane type,electrode surface area,electrode distance,electrolyte concentration,and ammonia *** experimental results showed that the maximum power density of TRABs with a Cu electrode was 40.0 W·m^(2),which was considerably higher than that with Ni(0.34 W·m^(2))and Co(0.14 W·m^(2))*** with an anion exchange membrane had a 28.6%higher maximum power density than those with a cation exchange *** increased electrode surface resulted in an increased maximum power but a decreased maximum power *** a certain range,TRAB performance was enhanced with decreased electrode distance and increased electrolyte *** increased ammonia concentration resulted in enhanced ammonia transfer and improved the TRAB performance.

关键词： Electrochemistry Thermally regenerative ammonia-based battery Recovery Renewable energy

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Analytical Solution of Thermocapillary Flow in Cylindrical Annuli with Curved Free Surface

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Journal of Thermal Science 2020年第1期29卷 260-267页

作者： LIU Jia PENG Lan key laboratory of low-grade energy utilization technologies and systems of Ministry of Education College of Energy and Power Engineering Chongqing University

In this paper we consider thermocapillary flow with interface deformation in cylindrical annuli subjected to lateral temperature *** on the assumption that Reynolds,Marangoni and capillary numbers are very small,we expanded the governing equations in terms of a small parameter,and the zeroth-order one is the Stokes problem,which can be analytically solved by use of separation of variables *** are obtained for the zeroth-order fluid and thermal fields as well as the first-order interfacial ***,temperature distributions and interface shapes are presented and the influence of aspect ratios is investigated.

关键词： thermocapillary flow analytical solution interface deformation

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Simulation on Evaporation and Motion of Atomized Droplets in Spray Dry Flue Gas Desulfurization Tower

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Journal of Thermal Science 2022年第6期31卷 2252-2263页

作者： ZHANG Tengfei TANG Qiang PU Chao YAN Yunfei key laboratory of low-grade energy utilization technologies and systems Ministry of EducationChongqing UniversityChongqing400044China

The evaporation and motion of atomized droplets have an essential effect on the safe and efficient long-term operation of the desulphurization tower. Therefore, the two-phase flow model is established and solved by three-dimensional steady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations;the droplets are tracked by Eulerian-Lagrangian method. The three factors, including inlet swirling flow of flue gas, initial droplet diameter, and inlet flue gas temperature, are analyzed to show the effects on the evaporation and motion of atomized droplets, respectively. The results show that the swirling flow of flue gas and initial droplet diameter dominate the penetration length of the atomized droplets and the mixing characteristic of droplets and flue gas. With the increase of droplet diameter, the length of droplet penetrating flue gas increases. When droplet diameter is 200 μm and inlet swirl number is 0.35, droplets completely penetrate the core area. Therefore, this is the maximum initial droplet diameter at the inlet swirl number of 0.35. The droplets evaporation time of initial 150 μm diameter is 85.5% longer than that of 50 μm droplets(0.35 of inlet swirl number). Increasing the inlet flue gas temperature can enhance the heat transfer. When inlet flue gas temperature rises from 483 K to 523 K, the evaporation time decreases by 33.8%. The results can be used to guide the optimization of droplets spray evaporation under practical operating conditions in the desulfurization tower.

关键词： spray dry FGD atomized droplets swirling flow penetration length droplet evaporation

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Review on Applications of Zeotropic Mixtures

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Journal of Thermal Science 2022年第2期31卷 285-307页

作者： BAI Mengjie ZHAO Li ZHAO Ruikai key laboratory of Efficient utilization of low and Medium grade energy (Tianjin University)MOETianjin 300072China

Compared with the pure fluids,the zeotropic mixtures can balance the requirements of environmental protection,heat source matching and system safety,and exhibit excellent thermodynamic ***,compared to the widespread applications of pure fluids,zeotropic mixtures are rarely exploited in thermodynamic cycles,and there is a lack of targeted summary on refrigeration systems,organic Rankine cycle systems and combined power and refrigeration *** the recent years,zeotropic mixtures are developing at an unprecedented pace,while the working fluids components are inevitably explored in the *** this paper,the research progress of zeotropic mixtures in the field of refrigeration systems,organic Rankine cycle systems and combined power and refrigeration systems are *** on the review of zeotropic working mixtures,the reasonable predictions can be *** the future,environmental problems will still be one of the most important concerned ***,the zeotropic mixtures consisting of natural hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide,which are environmentally friendly,have great potential for ***,zeotropic mixtures of natural working fluids can improve comprehensive energy efficiency of combined systems and will play an important role in future carbon emission reduction technologies.

关键词： combined power and refrigeration systems heat pump natural working fluids organic Rankine cycle refrigeration zeotropic mixtures

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Statistical and frequency analysis of the pressure fluctuation in a fluidized bed of non-spherical particles

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Particuology 2014年第5期12卷 178-186页

作者： Honghao He Xiaofeng Lu Wei Shuang Quanhai Wang Yinhu Kang Liyun Yan Xuanyu Ji Guangyu Luo Hai Liu key laboratory of low-grade energy utilization technologies and systems(Chongqing University) Ministry of Education Sichuan Nanxi Boiler Ltd.

In this paper, the pressure fluctuation in a fluidized bed was measured and processed via standard devia- tion and power spectrum analysis to investigate the dynamic behavior of the transition from the bubbling to turbulent regime. Two types （Geldart B and D） of non-spherical particles, screened from real bed materials, and their mixture were used as the bed materials. The experiments were conducted in a semi- industrial testing apparatus. The experimental results indicated that the fluidization characteristics of the non-spherical Geldart D particles differed from that of the spherical particles at gas velocities beyond the transition velocity Uo The standard deviation of the pressure fluctuation measured in the bed increased with the gas velocity, while that measured in the plenum remained constant. Compared to the coarse particles, the fine particles exerted a stronger influence on the dynamic behavior of the fluidized bed and promoted the fluidization regime transition from bubbling toward turbulent. The power spectrum of the pressure fluctuation was calculated using the auto-regressive （AR） model; the hydrodynamics of the flu- idized bed were characterized by the major frequency of the power spectrum of the pressure fluctuation. By combining the standard deviation analysis, a new method was proposed to determine the transition velocity Uk via the analysis of the change in the major frequency. The first major frequency was observed to vary within the range of 1.5 to 3 Hz.

关键词： Fluidized bed Non-spherical particles Pressure fluctuation Transition velocity

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Two-dimensional numerical simulation of thermocapillary convection in detached solidification

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2012年第2期55卷 527-536页

作者： PENG Lan FAN JuYan LI YouRong MENG HaiYong key laboratory of low-grade energy utilization technologies and systems of Ministry of Education(Chongqing University) Chongqing 400044China

Numerical simulations of flow in the melt(CdZnTe) with different conditions are conducted using the finite-difference *** the top surface of the melt is solid wall under microgravity condition,the thermocapillary convection is caused in the melt by the surface tension gradient on the free *** the Marangoni number is small,the flow is steady thermocapillary *** the Marangoni number exceeds the critical value,the steady flow transits into unstable thermocapillary *** the top surface of the melt is free surface under microgravity,two roll cells are observed in the melt,which are driven by both the surface tension gradients on the upper and lower free *** the top surface of the melt is free surface under gravity condition,the effect of the buoyancy on the flow is little as the Marangoni number is *** the Marangoni number increasing,the effect of the buoyancy increases,which makes the upper roll cell weaken and the lower roll cell strengthen.

关键词： detached solidification thermocapillary convection buoyancy CdZnTe numerical simulation

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Experimental and Theoretical Study on Thermal Stability of Mixture R1234ze(E)/R32 in Organic Rankine Cycle

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Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第4期32卷 1595-1613页

作者： LIU Jinyu LIU Yu LIU Chao XIN Liyong YU Wei key laboratory of low-grade energy utilization technologies and systems Ministry of EducationSchool of Energy and Power EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing400030China

The use of Organic Rankine Cycle(ORC)for renewable energy utilization and industrial waste heat recovery is currently attracting growing *** working fluids in ORC may face thermally decompose during the working *** thermal stability and pyrolysis mechanism of R1234ze(E)/R32 mixtures was studied by ReaxFF-MD simulations and DFT *** experimental results indicated that the pyrolysis temperature range is 230℃-250℃ for R1234ze(E),270℃-290℃ for R32 and 230℃-250℃ for R1234ze(E)/R32 *** cleavage of C-H,C-C bond is the main decomposition pathway of pure R32,R1234ze(E),*** decomposition rate of R32 is significantly slower than that of R1234ze(E).In the mixture R1234ze(E)/R32,R1234ze(E)can significantly promote the decomposition of R32,while R32 has a slight inhibitory effect on the decomposition of R1234ze(E).The CF3 radicals generated by the decomposition of R1234ze(E)significantly reduced the energy barrier of R32 decomposition and promoted the decomposition rate of *** H and F radical in the system is more inclined to react with R32 than R1234ze(E)due to their lower energy *** increase of the pressure and mass ratio of R1234ze(E)in the mixture system has a great promoting effect on the pyrolysis of the mixtures.

关键词： R1234ze(E)/R32 pyrolysis ReaxFF-MD DFT

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Co-production of hydrogen, oxygen, and electricity via an integrated solar-driven system with decoupled water electrolyzer and Na-Zn ion battery

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Journal of energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 621-627页

作者： Fei Lv Longjie Liu Jiazhe Wu Pengfei Wang Lixia Pan Dengwei Jing Yubin Chen International Research Center for Renewable energy State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University

Combining water electrolysis and rechargeable battery technologies into a single system holds great promise for the co-production of hydrogen （H2） and ***,the design and development of such systems is still in its ***,an integrated hydrogen-oxygen （O2）-electricity co-production system featuring a bipolar membrane-assisted decoupled electrolyzer and a Na-Zn ion battery was established with sodium nickelhexacyanoferrate （NaNiHCF） and Zn2+/Zn as dual redox *** decoupled electrolyzer enables to produce H2and O2in different time and space with almost 100%Faradaic efficiency at 100 mA ***,the charged NaNiHCF and Zn electrodes after the electrolysis processes formed a Na-Zn ion battery,which can generate electricity with an average cell voltage of 1.75 V at 10 m A *** connecting Si photovoltaics with the modular electrochemical device,a well-matched solar driven system was built to convert the intermittent solar energy into hydrogen and electric energy with a solar to hydrogen-electricity efficiency of 16.7%,demonstrating the flexible storage and conversion of renewables.

关键词： Hydrogen Electricity Decoupled water electrolyzer Na-Zn ion battery Solar energy

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Ion–Electron Coupling Enables Ionic Thermoelectric Material with New Operation Mode and High energy Density

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第7期15卷 193-203页

作者： Yongjie He Shaowei Li Rui Chen Xu Liu George Omololu Odunmbaku Wei Fang Xiaoxue Lin Zeping Ou Qianzhi Gou Jiacheng Wang Nabonswende Aida Nadege Ouedraogo Jing Li Meng Li Chen Li Yujie Zheng Shanshan Chen Yongli Zhou Kuan Sun moe key laboratory of low-grade energy utilization technologies and systems CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials and Devices Joint LaboratorySchool of Energy and Power EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044People’s Republic of China

Ionic thermoelectrics(i-TE) possesses great potential in powering distributed electronics because it can generate thermopower up to tens of millivolts per Kelvin. However,as ions cannot enter external circuit, the utilization of i-TE is currently based on capacitive charge/discharge, which results in discontinuous working mode and low energy density. Here,we introduce an ion–electron thermoelectric synergistic(IETS)effect by utilizing an ion–electron conductor. Electrons/holes can drift under the electric field generated by thermodiffusion of ions, thus converting the ionic current into electrical current that can pass through the external circuit. Due to the IETS effect, i-TE is able to operate continuously for over 3000 ***, our i-TE exhibits a thermopower of 32.7 mV K^(-1) and an energy density of 553.9 J m^(-2), which is more than 6.9 times of the highest reported value. Consequently, direct powering of electronics is achieved with i-TE. This work provides a novel strategy for the design of high-performance i-TE materials.

关键词： Ionic thermoelectric Ion–electron coupling Ionic conductivity Thermopower

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