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Estimating the impact of azimuth-angle variations on photovoltaic annual energy production

Clean Energy 2019年第1期3卷 47-58页

作者： Mahmoud Dhimish Santiago Silvestre Laboratory of Photovoltaics University of HuddersfieldQueensgateHD13DHHuddersfieldUK mnt group Electronic Engineering DepartmentUniversitat Politecnica de Catalunya(UPC)BarcelonaTechC/Jordi Girona 1-3Campus Nord UPC08034 BarcelonaSpain

The performance of a photovoltaic(PV)installation is affected by its tilt and azimuth angles,because these parameters change the amount of solar energy absorbed by the surface of the PV ***,this paper demonstrates the impact of the azimuth angle on the energy production of PV *** different PV sites were studied,where the first comprises PV systems installed at-13°,-4°,+12°and+21°azimuth angles in different geographical locations,whereas the second PV site included adjacent PV systems installed at-87°,-32°,+2°and+17°azimuth *** the investigated PV sites were located in Huddersfield,*** summary,the results indicate that PV systems installed between-4°and+2°presented the maximum energy production over the last 4 years,while the worst energy generation were observed for the PV system installed at an azimuth angle of-87°.Finally,the probability projections for all observed azimuth angles datasets have been *** PV systems are affected by various environmental conditions such as fluctuations in the wind,humidity,solar irradiance and ambient temperature,ultimately,these factors would affect the annual energy generation of the PV *** that reason,we have analysed the disparities and the probability of the annual energy production for multiple PV systems installed at different azimuth angles ranging from-90°to+90°degrees,and affected by different environmental *** analyses are based on the cumulative density function modelling technique as well as the normal distribution function.

关键词： photovoltaics azimuth angle energy production CDF modelling

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Measurement of wireless pressure sensors fabricated in high temperature co-fired ceramic MEMS technology

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2013年第4期14卷 258-263页

作者： Ji-jun XIONG Shi-jun ZHENG Ying-ping HONG Jun LI Ying-lin WANG Wei WANG Qiu-lin TAN Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science & Dynamic Measurement North University of China MOE Science and Technology on Electronic Test & Measurement Laboratory North University of China The Second Research Institute of China Electronics Technology group Corporation

High temperature co-fired ceramics(HTCCs) have wide applications with stable mechanical properties,but they have not yet been used to fabricate *** introducing the wireless telemetric sensor system and ceramic structure embedding a pressure-deformable cavity,the designed sensors made from HTCC materials(zirconia and 96% alumina) are fabricated,and their capacities for the pressure measurement are tested using a wireless interrogation *** the fabricated sensor,a study is conducted to measure the atmospheric pressure in a sealed *** experimental sensitivity of the device is 2 Hz/Pa of zirconia and 1.08 Hz/Pa of alumina below 0.5 MPa with a readout distance of 2.5 *** described sensor technology can be applied for monitoring of atmospheric pressure to evaluate important component parameters in harsh environments.

关键词： High temperature co-fired ceramic (HTCC) Wireless Micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS)

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