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Design and development of a high-performance Ni-based superalloy WSU 150 for additive manufacturing

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第12期47卷 20-28页

作者： Praveen Sreeramagiri Ajay Bhagavatam Abhishek Ramakrishnan Husam Alrehaili Guru Prasad Dinda Department of Mechanical Engineering Wayne State UniversityDetroitMl48202USA

This research proposes a design and development strategy of a new nickel-based superalloy for additive manufacturing.A new Ni-based superalloy has been developed by the application of the combinatorial alloy development technique coupled with CALPHAD based solidification modeling by effectively suppressing the precipitation *** suppression of precipitation during processing paved a way for prevention of cracks during *** new alloy "WSU 150" revealed excellent room temperature mechanical properties with a yield strength of 867 MPa,an ultimate tensile strength of 1188 MPa,and an elongation of 27.9% in the as-deposited *** mechanical properties of the heat-treated alloy were improved significantly to 1114 MPa yield strength,1396 MPa ultimate tensile strength,and an elongation of 16.1%.Improvement in the mechanical properties is attributed to the additional precipitation and coarsening of γ’ and carbides during *** investigation of the alloy revealed spherical γ’ with a rippled size distribution from the center to the interdendritic *** average size of the γ’ particles in the as-deposited condition was found to be around 48 nm in the interdendritic ***-treatment promoted the coarsening of γ’ which is explained in the paper.

关键词： Ni-based superalloys Additive manufacturing Laser metal deposition Ripple pattern microstructure Alloy development Mechanical properties

Simultaneous removal of CO_(2), NO_(x) and SO_(x) using single stage absorption column

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第5期33卷 279-287页

作者： Sriram Valluri S.Komar Kawatra Department of Chemical Engineering Michigan Technological UniversityHoughtonMl 49930USA

Capturing flue gases often require multiple stages of scrubbing, increasing the capital and operating costs. So far, no attempt has been made to study the absorption characteristics of all the three gases(NO, SO_(2) and CO_(2)) in a single stage absorption unit at alkaline p H conditions. We have attempted to capture all the three gases with a single wet scrubbing column. The absorption of all three gases with sodium carbonate solution promoted with oxidizers was investigated in a tall absorption column. The absorbance was found to be 100% for CO_(2), 30% for NO and 95% for SO_(2) respectively. The capture efficiency of sodium carbonate solution was increased by 40% for CO_(2) loading, with the addition of oxidizer. Absorption kinetics and reaction pathways of all the three gases were discussed individually in detail.

关键词： Carbon dioxide Nitric oxide Hydrogen peroxide Absorbance Kinetics

Effect of Equal Channel Angular Extrusion on the Microstructures and Properties of Two Extruded Al-Mg-Si Alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2005年第5期21卷 623-629页

作者： G.W.Lorimer School of Materials The University of ManchesterGrosvenor StreetMl 7HS ManchesterUK

The effect of equal channel angular extrusion （ECAE） on the microstructure of two Al-Mg-Si extrusion alloys was investigated by high resolution electron backscattered diffraction （EBSD） using a field emission gun scanning electron microscope （FEG-SEM） and a transmission electron microscope （TEM）. Two contrasting alloys： a dilute alloy, based on alloy 6061 and a concentrated alloy, based on alloy 6069 were employed for this research. It has been found that prior ECAE to extrusion promotes high angle grain boundaries （HAGBs） in the extrusions, and the increase in HAGBs ratio is due to the large shear deformation involved in the process of ECAE. Tensile testing results show that a further ageing treatment strengthens the alloys after extrusion and the ECAE processed extrusions are more ductile than conventional extrusions.

关键词： Equal channel angular extrusion Electron backscattered diffraction Al-Mg-Si alloys

Recent advances in phosphoric acid-based membranes for high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第12期30卷 393-429,I0010页

作者： Zunmin Guo Maria Perez-Page Jianuo Chen Zhaoqi Ji Stuart M.Holmes Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science The University of Manchester.Ml39PLUnited Kingdom

High-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells(HT-PEMFCs)are pursued worldwide as efficient energy conversion *** efforts have been made in the area of designing and developing phosphoric acid(PA)-based proton exchange membrane(PEM)of *** review focuses on recent advances in the limitations of acid-based PEM(acid leaching,oxidative degradation,and mechanical degradation)and the approaches mitigating the membrane *** multilayer or polymers with continuous network,adding hygroscopic inorganic materials,and introducing PA doping sites or covalent interactions with PA can effectively reduce acid *** oxidative degradation can be alleviated by synthesizing crosslinked or branched polymers,and introducing antioxidative groups or highly oxidative stable *** to get a compact structure,blending with stable polymers and inorganic materials,preparing polymer with high molecular weight,and fabricating the polymer with PA doping sites away from backbones,are recommended to improve the membrane mechanical ***,by comparing the running hours and decay rate,three current approaches,*** via thermally curing or polymeric crosslinker,*** hygroscopic inorganic materials,*** membrane layers or introducing strong basic groups and electron-withdrawing groups,have been concluded to be promising approaches to improve the durability of *** overall aim of this review is to explore the existing degradation challenges and opportunities to serve as a solid basis for the deployment in the fuel cell market.

关键词： High-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells Acid leaching Oxidative degradation Mechanical degradation Durability

Transcriptome-wide association studies: a view from Mendelian randomization

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Quantitative Biology 2021年第2期9卷 107-121页

作者： Huanhuan Zhu Xiang Zhou Department of Biostatistics University of MichiganAnn ArborMl 48109USA Center for Statistical Genetics University of MichiganAnn ArborMl 48109USA

Background:Genome-wide association studies(GWASs)have identified thousands of genetic variants that are associated with many complex ***,their biological mechanisms remain largely ***-wide association studies(TWAS)have been recently proposed as an invaluable tool for investigating the potential gene regulatory mechanisms underlying variant-trait ***,TWAS integrate GWAS with expression mapping studies based on a common set of variants and aim to identify genes whose GReX is associated with the *** methods have been developed for performing TWAS and/or similar integrative *** such method has a different modeling assumption and many were initially developed to answer different biological ***,it is not straightforward to understand their modeling property from a theoretical ***:We present a technical review on thirteen TWAS ***,we show that these methods can all be viewed as two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis,which has been widely applied in GWASs for examining the causal effects of exposure on *** different TWAS methods from an MR perspective provides us a unique angle for understanding their benefits and *** systematically introduce the MR analysis framework,explain how features of the GWAS and expression data influence the adaptation of MR for TWAS,and re-interpret the modeling assumptions made in different TWAS methods from an MR *** finally describe future directions for TWAS methodology ***:We hope that this review would serve as a useful reference for both methodologists who develop TWAS methods and practitioners who perform TWAS analysis.

关键词： transcriptome-wide association studies genome-wide association studies expression mapping studies

Pheromone pollution from invasive sea lamprey misguides a native confamilial

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Current Zoology 2021年第3期67卷 333-335页

作者： Tyler J.Buchinger Skye D.Fissette Belinda HUERTA Ke Li Nicholas S.Johnson Weiming Li Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMl 48825USA U.S.Geological Survey Great Lakes Science CenterHammond Bay Biological StationMillersburgMl49759USA

Animals interact with mates in a sensory environment rife with the footprints of human *** chorus over the noise of traffic(Bee and Swanson 2007),glow-worms search for bioluminescent mates against backlight from street lamps(Bird and Parker 2014),and fish attend to conspecific olfactory cues mixed with sewage(Fisher et al.2006).As invasive species proliferate throughout the world,animals also encounter noise in the form of novel heterospecific signals that can interfere with existing communication channels(Groning and Hochkirch 2008).Pheromones,for example,are often species-specific in natural contexts involving sympatric heterospecifics but may become detrimental pollution when animals invade regions inhabited by historically allopatric relatives that previously faced less selection for signal divergence(Gozlan et al.2014).

关键词： Hoc Bee pollution

Evolutionary Origin of JAZ Proteins and Jasm onate Signaling

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Molecular Plant 2019年第2期12卷 153-155页

作者： Gregg A. Howe Yuki Yoshida DOE Plant Research Laboratory Michigan State University East Lansing Ml 48824 USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Michigan State University East Lansing Ml 48824 USA Plant Resilience Institute Michigan State University East Lansing Ml 48824 USA Graduate School of Science and Technology Kumamoto University Kumamoto 860-8555 Japan

The many roles of jasmonate in plant growth, reproduction, and defense raise interesting questions about how this lipid-derived hormone emerged during evolution. Recent studies indicate that a uhigher plant*5 pathway involving jasmonoyl-L-isoleucine (JA-lle) as the receptor-active ligand is conserved in vascular plants (Bowman et al., 2017;Howe et al., 2018). Within this core sign aling pathway, J AZ protei ns link JA-lle perception to changes in the activity of MYC transcription factors (TFs)(Figure 1) and have emerged as a conserved hub for crosstalk in hormone response pathways.

关键词： Evolutionary Origin JAZ Proteins Jasm onate Signaling

Mesh safety in pelvic surgery:Our experience and outcome of biological mesh used in laparoscopic ventral mesh rectopexy

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第3期10卷 891-898页

作者： Anastasia Tsiaousidou Linda MacDonald Kawan Shalli Department of Surgery Wishaw University HospitalWishaw ML20DPLanarkshireUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Laparoscopic ventral mesh rectopexy(LVMR)continues to be a popular treatment option for rectal prolapse,obstructive defecation/faecal incontinence and *** recent years there have been concerns regarding the safety of mesh placements in the *** To assess the safety of the mesh and the outcome of the *** Eighty-six patients underwent LVMR with Permacol(Biological)mesh from 2012 to 2018 at University Hospital *** were treated for obstructive defecation secondary to prolapse,rectocele or internal rectal intussusception,38 for mixed symptoms obstructive defecation and incontinence,5 for pain and bleeding secondary to full thickness prolapse and 3 with symptoms of *** for the calculation of Wexner scores for constipation and incontinence were completed by the patients who were followed up in the clinic 12 wk after surgery and again in 6-12 *** average review of their notes was 18.3±4.2 *** The median Wexner scores for constipation pre-operatively and post-operatively were 14.5[Interquartile range(IQR):10.5-18.5]and 3(IQR:1-6),respectively,while the median Wexner score for faecal incontinence was 11(IQR:7-15)and 2(IQR:0-5),respectively(P<0.01).There were 4(4.6%)recurrences,2 cases that presented with erosion of a suture through the rectum and one with *** mesh complications or mortalities were *** LVMR using a Permacol mesh is a safe and effective procedure for the treatment of obstructive defecation/faecal incontinence,rectal prolapse,rectoceles and internal rectal prolapse/intussusception.

关键词： Rectopexy Prolapse surgery Biological mesh Pelvic floor disorders Treatment

Arabidopsis CAMTA Transcription Factors Regulate Pipecolic Acid Biosynthesis and Priming of Immunity Genes

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Molecular Plant 2020年第1期13卷 157-168页

作者： Yongsig Kim Sarah J.Gilmour Lumen Chao Sunchung Park Michael F.Thomashow MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMl 48824USA MSU Plant Resilience Institute Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMl 48824USA Department of Plant Soil and Microbial SciencesMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMl 48824USA Present address:U.S.Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service1636 East Alisal St.SalinasCA 93905USA

The Arabidopsis thaliana Calmodulin-binding Transcription Activator(CAMTA)transcription factors CAMTA1,CAMTA2,and CAMTA3(CAMTA123)serve as master regulators of salicylic acid(SA)-mediated immunity,repressing the biosynthesis of SA in healthy ***,we show that CAMTA123 also repress the biosynthesis of pipecolic acid(Pip)in healthy *** of CAMTA123 function resulted in the induction of AGD2-like defense response protein 1(ALD1),which encodes an enzyme involved in Pip *** of ALD1 resulted in the accumulation of high levels of Pip,which brought about increased levels of the SA receptor protein NPR1 without induction of NPR1 expression or requirement for an increase in SA ***-mediated induction of ALD1 and genes regulating the biosynthesis of SA—CBP60g,SARD1,PAD4,and EDS1—was largely dependent on ***,Pip-mediated increase in NPR1 protein levels was associated with priming of Pip and SA biosynthesis genes to induction by low levels of *** together,our findings expand the role for CAMTA123 in regulating key immunity genes and suggest a working model whereby loss of CAMTA123 repression leads to the induction of plant defense genes and initiation of SAR.

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana pipecolic acid salicylic acid plant immunity priming CAMTA transcription factors