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Assessment of the effectiveness of weight-adjusted antibiotic administration,for reduced duration,in surgical prophylaxis of primary hip and knee arthroplasty

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第2期15卷 170-179页

作者： Tosan Okoro michael Wan Takura Darlington mukabeta Ella malev marketa Gross Claudia Williams muhammad manjra Jan Herman Kuiper John murnaghan Department of Arthroplasty Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation TrustOswestry SY107AGUnited Kingdom school of medicine Keele UniversityStaffordshire ST55BGUnited Kingdom st Joseph’s Health Centre Unity Health TorontoToronto M6R 1B5Canada Department of Arthroplasty The Royal London HospitalBarts Health NHS TrustLondon E11BBUnited Kingdom Department of Arthroplasty Sunnybrook Holland Orthopaedic and Arthritis CentreToronto M4Y 1H1Canada Institute for science and Technology in medicine Keele UniversityStaffordshire ST51BGUnited Kingdom

bACKGROUND Prophylactic antibiotics have significantly led to a reduction in the risk of postoperative surgical site infections(ssI)in orthopaedic *** aim of using antibiotics for this purpose is to achieve serum and tissue drug levels that exceed,for the duration of the operation,the minimum inhibitory concentration of the likely organisms that are *** antibiotics reduce the rate of ssIs in lower limb arthroplasty from between 4%and 8%to between 1%and 3%.Controversy,however,still surrounds the optimal frequency and dosing of antibiotic *** To evaluate the impact of introduction of a weight-adjusted antibiotic prophylaxis regime,combined with a reduction in the duration of administration of post-operative antibiotics on ssI incidence during the 2 years following primary elective total hip and knee arthroplasty mETHODs Following ethical approval,patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty(THA)/total knee arthroplasty(TKA)with the old regime(OR)of a preoperative dose[cefazolin 2 g intravenously(IV)],and two subsequent doses(2 h and 8 h),were compared to those after a change to a new regime(NR)of a weight-adjusted preoperative dose(cefazolin 2 g IV for patients3g IV for patients>120 kg)and a post-operative dose at 2 *** primary outcome in both groups was ssI rates during the 2 years *** A total of n=1273 operations(THA n=534,TKA n=739)were performed in n=1264 *** was no statistically significant difference in the rate of deep(OR 0.74%(5/675)vs NR 0.50%(3/598);fishers exact test P=0.72),nor superficial ssIs(OR 2.07%(14/675)vs NR 1.50%(9/598);chi-squared test P=0.44)at 2 years *** propensity score weighting and an interrupted time series analysis,there was also no difference in ssI rates between both groups[RR 0.88(95%CI 0.61 to 1.30)P=0.46].CONCLUsION A weight-adjusted regime,with a reduction in number of post-operative doses had no adverse impact on s

关键词： Antibiotics Weight-adjusted Hip and knee arthroplasty surgical site infection

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自动驾驶高精地图信息交互方法

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武汉大学学报（信息科学版） 2024年第4期49卷 662-671,680页

作者：张焱杰黄炜刘信陶张丰源吴杭彬应申刘春同济大学城市交通研究院上海200092 同济大学测绘与地理信息学院上海200092 多伦多都会大学土木工程系加拿大多伦多M5B2K3 香港理工大学土地测量与地理信息学系中国香港九龙999077 武汉大学资源与环境科学学院湖北武汉430079

高精地图在自动驾驶应用落地的进程中发挥着重要作用,目前大多数研究着眼于高精地图中道路几何结构的高精度表征和道路静态信息的更新。然而,对路网交通中存在的大量且具有时效性的动态信息的相关研究尚有欠缺。从动态信息的内容、数据... 详细信息

高精地图在自动驾驶应用落地的进程中发挥着重要作用,目前大多数研究着眼于高精地图中道路几何结构的高精度表征和道路静态信息的更新。然而,对路网交通中存在的大量且具有时效性的动态信息的相关研究尚有欠缺。从动态信息的内容、数据结构、信息交互3个方面展开,研究高精地图动态信息。对国内外在高精地图数据组织结构和数据标准方面的工作进行整理和分析,提出了一套完整的高精地图动态信息所需涵盖的内容。将自动驾驶车辆车端和高精地图信息系统云端作为信息交互的两大主体,提出在车端、云端不同的组合模式下信息交互的方法,实现高精地图动态信息内容交互。提出的信息交互方法在局部的自动驾驶车辆与高精地图信息系统之间的交互过程中,逐步聚合到最终能够打通全域的高精地图信息数据流,实现高精地图动态信息数据的汇聚和整合,更好地服务和助力自动驾驶汽车在复杂道路环境下的导航决策能力。

关键词：高精地图自动驾驶动态信息信息交互

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Effect of post treatment temperature and humidity conditions onfixation performance of CCA-C treated red pine and southern pine

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Journal of Forestry Research 1999年第3期10卷 141-146页

作者：郭爱龙 P.A.Cooper Faculty of Forestry University of Toronto Earth Science Center 33 Willcocks Street Toronto Ontario Canada M59 3B3

Rates of fixation in chromated copper arsenate (CCA-C) treated red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) and southern pine (Pinus spp) sapwood specimens using retention of 1.5, 2.0, 6.4 kg·m?3 are compared at temperature (T) ranging from 70°C to 50°C and 5 different relative humidity (RH) conditions. The samples were investigated using the expressate method to follow chromium fixation. Red pine fixes faster than southern pine under all 11 post treatment schedules. The fixation rates for both species are not significantly different while the blocks were fixed under 6 fixation/drying schedules that differed only in the order of T/RH conditions applied. The rate of fixation of all samples in any fixation stage were reduced when the blocks were fixed under lower humidity conditions in spite of no change in chamber temperature. some of this influence can be attributed to the effect of humidity on heat transfer into the wood and cooling of the wood surface.

关键词： CCA-c Fixation Post treatment Temperature Relative humidity Red pine southern pine

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Oxygen‑Coordinated single mn sites for Efficient Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia

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Nano-micro Letters 2024年第1期16卷 147-159页

作者： shengbo Zhang Yuankang Zha Yixing Ye Ke Li Yue Lin Lirong Zheng Guozhong Wang Yunxia Zhang Huajie Yin Tongfei shi Haimin Zhang Laboratory of materials Physics Centre for Environmental and Energy NanomaterialsAnhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and NanotechnologyCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceInstitute of Solid State PhysicsHFIPSChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031People’s Republic of China University of science and Technology of China Hefei 230026People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Agricultural sensors Ministry of AgricultureSchool of Information and ComputerAnhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230026People’s Republic of China Hefei National Research Center for Physical sciences at the microscale University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026People’s Republic of China beijing synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences19B Yuquan RoadBeijing 100049People’s Republic of China

Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction has attracted increasing attention due to its goal of low carbon emission and environmental ***,we report an efficient NitRR catalyst composed of single mn sites with atomically dispersed oxygen(O)coordination on bacterial cellulose-converted graphitic carbon(mn-O-C).Evidence of the atomically dispersed mn-(O-C_(2))_(4)moieties embedding in the exposed basal plane of carbon surface is confirmed by X-ray absorption *** a result,the as-synthesized mn-O-C catalyst exhibits superior NitRR activity with an NH_(3)yield rate(RNH_(3))of 1476.9±62.6μg h^(−1)cm^(−2)at−0.7 V(*** hydrogen electrode,RHE)and a faradaic efficiency(FE)of 89.0±3.8%at−0.5 V(***)under ambient ***,when evaluated with a practical flow cell,mn-O-C shows a high RNH_(3)of 3706.7±552.0μg h^(−1)cm^(−2)at a current density of 100 mA cm−2,2.5 times of that in the H *** in situ FT-IR and Raman spectroscopic studies combined with theoretical calculations indicate that the mn-(O-C_(2))_(4)sites not only effectively inhibit the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction,but also greatly promote the adsorption and activation of nitrate(NO_(3)^(−)),thus boosting both the FE and selectivity of NH_(3)over mn-(O-C_(2))_(4)sites.

关键词： Atomically dispersed Oxygen coordination Nitrate reduction reaction In situ spectroscopic studies Hydrogen evolution reaction

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Effects of soil metal(loid)s pollution on microbial activities and environmental risks in an abandoned chemical smelting site

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第9期143卷 60-70页

作者： Hao Li Jun Yao Jianli Liu Ning min Geoffrey sunahara Dongyang men Robert Duran school of Water Resources and Environment Research Center of Environmental Science and EngineeringChina University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Department of Natural Resource sciences McGill University21111Lakeshore DriveSte-Anne-de-BellevueQuebecH9X 3V9Canada Equipe Environnement et microbiologie MELODY groupUniversitéde Pau et des Pays de l’AdourE2S-UPPAIPREM UMR CNRS 5254BP 115564013 Pau CedexFrance

Abandoned chemical smelting sites containing toxic substances can seriously threaten and pose a risk to the surrounding ecological *** samples were collected from different depths(0 to 13 m)and analyzed for metal(loid)s content and fractionation,as well as microbial *** potential ecological risk indices for the different soil depths(ordered from high to low)were:1 m(D-1)>surface(s-0)>5 m(D-5)>13 m(D-13)>9 m(D-9),ranging between 1840.65-13,089.62,and representing extremely high environmental risks,of which Cd(and probably not arsenic)contributed to the highest environmental risk.A modified combined pollution risk index(mCR)combining total content and mobile proportion of metal(loid)s,and relative toxicities,was used to evaluate the degree of contamination and potential environmental *** the near-surface samples(s-0 and D-1 layers),the mCR considered that As,Cd,Pb,sb,and Zn achieved high and alarming degrees of contamination,whereas Fe,mn,and Ti were negligible or low to moderate pollution *** microcalorimetry and enzymatic activity measurements of contaminated soil samples were used to assess the microbial metabolic activity *** analysis elucidated the relationship between metal(loid)s exchangeable fraction or content and microbial activity characteristics(p5).The microbial metabolic activity in the D-1 layer was low presumably due to heavy metal *** activity indicators and microcalorimetric growth rate(k)measurements were considered sensitive indicators to reflect the soil microbial activities in abandoned chemical smelting sites.

关键词： Abandoned chemical smelting sites microbial activities modified combined pollution risk microcalorimetry Enzymatic activities

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Active matter, microreversibility, and Thermodynamics

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Research 2020年第1期2020卷 1921-1940页

作者： Pierre Gaspard Raymond Kapral Center for Nonlinear Phenomena and Complex systems UniversitéLibre de Bruxelles(U.L.B.)Code Postal 231Campus PlaineB-1050 BrusselsBelgium Chemical Physics Theory Group Department of ChemistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada M5S 3H6

Active matter,comprising many active agents interacting and moving in fluids or more complex environments,is a commonly occurring state of matter in biological and physical *** its very nature,active matter systems exist in nonequilibrium *** this paper,the active agents are small Janus colloidal particles that use chemical energy provided by chemical reactions occurring on their surfaces for propulsion through a diffusiophoretic *** a result of interactions among these colloids,either directly or through fluid velocity and concentration fields,they may act collectively to form structures such as dynamic clusters.A general nonequilibrium thermodynamics framework for the description of such systems is presented that accounts for both self-diffusiophoresis and diffusiophoresis due to external concentration gradients,and is consistent with *** predicts the existence of a reciprocal effect of diffusiophoresis back onto the reaction rate for the entire collection of colloids in the system,as well as the existence of a clustering instability that leads to nonequilibrium inhomogeneous system states.

关键词： mechanism nonequilibrium system

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CRX-527 as a candidate adjuvant in a recombinant bCG-based malaria vaccine

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical biomedicine 2024年第1期14卷 1-7页

作者： Nor munirah Zakaria muhammad Adamu Abbas Rapeah suppian school of Health sciences Universiti Sains MalaysiaHealth Campus16150 Kubang KerianKota BharuKelantanMalaysia Department of medical microbiology and Parasitology College of Health SciencesBayero University KanoP.M.B.3011BUKKano Nigeria

Objective:To investigate the role of CRX-527,a Toll-like receptor 4 agonist,as the possible adjuvant for recombinant mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin expressing merozoite surface protein 1C(bCG-msP-1C).methods:The mice were immunized with bCG and bCG-msP-1C in the presence and absence of *** untreated mice(injected with Pbs-T80 only)were the negative *** ability of CRX-527 to enhance IgG and its subclasses,as well as IL-4 and IFN-γproduction in the serum and spleen supernatant was evaluated using ***:mice immunized with bCG-msP-1C exhibited the highest production of IgGs,IL-4 and IFN-γafter third *** addition,CRX-527 further promoted the production of total IgG and IgG subclasses as well as IFN-γand IL-4 in the serum and splenocytes of immunized ***:CRX-527 has the potential as an adjuvant candidate for the candidate *** study is needed to verify appropriate dosage for immunization and its efficacy.

关键词： CRX-527 bCG bCG-msP-1C TLR-4 agonists Cytokine IgG malaria

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TRANsCRANIAL NEAR-INFRARED sPECTROsCOPY OF smOKING bRAINs

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health sciences 2009年第3期2卷 227-234页

作者： OLIVIA PUCCI sANDER sTEPANOV VLADIsLAV TORONOV Department of Physics Ryerson University 350 Victoria StreetTorontoONCanada M5B 2K3

We used a mobile wireless near-infrared sensor for the noninvasive recording of cerebral hemoglobin concentration changes during cigarette *** measurement included 5 min of rest,5 min of smoking imitation,and 5 min of actual *** observed significant effects of the tobacco smoking on temporal changes in the human brain at time scales ranging from 200 ms to about 1 *** most reproducible effects were an increase of the heartbeat rate and a decrease in the heartbeat power spectral density during *** but highly individual changes due to smoking were observed in temporal patterns of hemodynamic fluctuations in 5–50 s time *** have also found statistically significant slow increases in both oxy-and deoxy-hemoglobin concentrations during smoking.

关键词： Near-infrared spectroscopy hemoglobin brain smoking

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Phytoconstituents Profiling of Indigenous Herbal Drugs and Its in vitro microbial,in silico biological Examination against severe Acute Respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2

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World Journal of Traditional Chinese medicine 2024年第1期10卷 121-136页

作者： T.H.mohamed Ahadu shareef mmohamed Divan masood Irfan Navabshan msaiyad musthafa Department of Chemistry The New College(Autonomous)Affiliated to the University of MadrasChennaiTamil NaduIndia school of Computer Applications B.S.Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and TechnologyChennaiTamil NaduIndia Crescent school of Pharmacy B.S.Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and TechnologyChennaiTamil NaduIndia Department of Zoology The New College(Autonomous)Affiliated to the University of MadrasChennaiTamil NaduIndia

background:Habb-E-shifa,Hamdard sualin,and Hamdard Joshanda traditional herbal medicines may promote host resistance against infection by bacteria,viruses,and fungi which are easily accessible at inexpensive with no *** herbal medicines are used to cure sore throat,cough,fever,lung cancer,and asthma patients in developing south Asian *** traditional herbal medicines acted a crucial role in the prevention and control of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Aims and Objectives:This research article aimed at conducting phytochemistry,antimicrobial activity,COVID-19 docking and some spectroscopic(Infrared,Ultraviolet,13C-Nuclear magnetic Resonance(13C-NmR),1H-NmR,and mass spectra)characterizations of the polyherbal drugs were carried ***,In-vitro and In-silico analyses were performed to measure activity against *** Performance-Liquid Chromatography(HPLC),Gas Chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-ms),antimicrobial,and docking studies were carried *** preliminary phytochemical assay and bioactive compounds were screened using HPLC and *** study is an attempt to assess the promising effects of selected polyherbal indigenous drugs such as Habb-E-shifa,Hamdard sualin,and Hamdard Joshanda phytoconstituents against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(sARs-Co V-2).materials and methods:The extract of the selected polyherbal formulations showed high-to-moderate preventive effects on the growth inhibition in the pathogenic bacterium,namely streptococcus oralis,staphylococcus aureus,Propionibacterium acnes,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Escherichia coli,and Proteus vulgaris,and three fungal Candida albicans,Aspergillus fumigatus,and Aspergillus *** docking study evaluates the pharmacological activity of bioactive chemical compounds with sARs-Co V-2 NsP5(PDb ID:7nxh)and sARs-Co V-2 Omicron spike protein with human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE-2)(PDb ID:7wk6).Results:In this study,for the first time,we at

关键词： Antimicrobial herbal drug Omicron and coronavirus disease 2019 phytochemicals spectroscopic

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An Improved Perturb and Observe maximum Power Point Tracking Algorithm for Photovoltaic Power systems

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Journal of modern Power systems and Clean Energy 2023年第4期11卷 1165-1175页

作者： Rasool Kahani mohsin Jamil m.Tariq Iqbal Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John’sA1B 3X5Canada

This paper aims to improve the performance of the conventional perturb and observe(P&O)maximum power point tracking(mPPT)*** the oscillation around the maximum power point(mPP)is the main disadvantage of this technique,we introduce a modified P&O algorithm to conquer this *** new algorithm recognizes approaching the peak of the photovoltaic(PV)array power curve and prevents the oscillation around the *** key to achieve this goal is testing the change of output power in each cycle and comparing it with the change in array terminal power of the previous *** a decrease in array terminal power is observed after an increase in the previous cycle or in the opposite direction,an increase in array terminal power is observed after a decrease in the previous cycle;it means we are at the peak of the power curve,so the duty cycle of the boost converter should remain the same as the previous ***,an optimized duty cycle is introduced,which is adjusted based on the operating point of PV ***,a DC-DC boost converter powered by a PV array simulator is used to test the proposed *** the irradiance changes,the proposed algorithm produces an averageηmPPT of nearly 3.1%greater than that of the conventional P&O algorithm and the incremental conductance(In C)*** addition,under strong partial shading conditions and drift avoidance tests,the proposed algorithm produces an averageηmPPT of nearly 9%and 8%greater than that of the conventional algorithms,respectively.

关键词： Photovoltaic system maximum power point tracking(mPPT) perturb and observe(P&O) boost converter steady-state performance

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