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Exogenous melatonin improves cotton yield under drought stress by enhancing root development and reducing root damage

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第10期23卷 3387-3405页

作者： Lingxiao Zhu Hongchun Sun Ranran Wang Congcong Guo Liantao Liu Yongjiang Zhang Ke Zhang Zhiying Bai Anchang Li Jiehua Zhu Cundong Li State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of HebeiProvince/College of agronomy Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071000China College of Plant Protection Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071000China

The exogenous application of melatonin by the root drenching method is an effective way to improve crop drought ***,the optimal concentration of melatonin by root drenching and the physiological mechanisms underlying melatonin-induced drought tolerance in cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)roots remain *** study determined the optimal concentration of melatonin by root drenching and explored the protective effects of melatonin on cotton *** results showed that 50μmol L-1 melatonin was optimal and significantly mitigated the inhibitory effect of drought on cotton seedling *** melatonin promoted root development in drought-stressed cotton plants by remarkably increasing the root length,projected area,surface area,volume,diameter,and *** also mitigated the drought-weakened photosynthetic capacity of cotton and regulated the endogenous hormone contents by regulating the relative expression levels of hormone-synthesis genes under drought ***-treated cotton seedlings maintained optimal enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant capacities,and produced relatively lower levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde,thus reducing the drought stress damage to cotton roots(such as mitochondrial damage).moreover,melatonin alleviated the yield and fiber length declines caused by drought *** together,these findings show that root drenching with exogenous melatonin increases the cotton yield by enhancing root development and reducing the root damage induced by drought *** summary,these results provide a foundation for the application of melatonin in the field by the root drenching method.

关键词： cotton drought melatonin root morphology root physiology yield

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Optimization of inter-seasonal nitrogen allocation increases yield and resource-use efficiency in a water-limited wheat-maize cropping system in the North China Plain

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The Crop Journal 2024年第3期12卷 907-914页

作者： Xiaonan Zhou Chenghang Du Haoran Li Zhencai Sun Yifei Chen Zhiqiang Gao Zhigan Zhao Yinghua Zhang Zhimin Wang Ying Liu College of agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of Information and Electrical Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China ministerial and Provincial Co-Innovation Centre for Endemic Crops Production with High-Quality and Efficiency in Loess Plateau Taigu 030801ShanxiChina

Winter wheat–summer maize cropping system in the North China Plain often experiences droughtinduced yield reduction in the wheat season and rainwater and nitrogen(N)fertilizer losses in the maize *** study aimed to identify an optimal interseasonal water-and N-management strategy to alleviate these *** ratios of allocation of 360 kg N ha^(-1)between the wheat and maize seasons under one-time presowing root-zone irrigation(W0)and additional jointing and anthesis irrigation(W2)in wheat and one irrigation after maize sowing were set as follows:N1(120:240),N2(180:180),N3(240:120)and N4(300:60).The results showed that under W0,the N3 treatment produced the highest annual yield,crop water productivity(WPC),and nitrogen partial factor productivity(PFPN).Increased N allocation in wheat under W0 improved wheat yield without affecting maize yield,as surplus nitrate after wheat harvest was retained in the topsoil layers and available for the subsequent *** W2,annual yield was largest in the N2 *** risk of nitrate leaching increased in W2 when N application rate in wheat exceeded that of the N2 treatment,especially in the wet *** to W2N2,the W0N3 maintained 95.2%grain yield over two *** WPCwas higher in the W0 treatment than in the W2 ***,following limited total N rate,an appropriate fertilizer N transfer from maize to wheat season had the potential of a“triple win”for high annual yield,WPCand PFPN in a water-limited wheat–maize cropping system.

关键词： Cropping system Water-saving irrigation North China Plain Nitrogen optimization Sustainable intensification

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Creating large EmS populations for functional genomics and breeding in wheat

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第2期23卷 484-493页

作者： Wenqiang Wang Xizhen Guan Yong Gan Guojun Liu Chunhao Zou Weikang Wang Jifa Zhang Huifei Zhang Qunqun Hao Fei Ni Jiajie Wu Lynn Epstein Daolin Fu Spring Valley Agriscience Co. Ltd.Jinan 250300China College of Life sciences Zaozhuang UniversityZaozhuang 277160China National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement College of AgronomyShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an 271018China Department of Plant Pathology University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA

Wheat germplasm is a fundamental resource for basic research,applied studies,and wheat breeding,which can be enriched normally by several paths,such as collecting natural lines,accumulating breeding lines,and introducing mutagenesis *** methane sulfonate(EmS)is an alkylating agent that can effectively introduce genetic variations in a wide variety of plant *** this study,we created a million-scale EmS population(mEP)that started with the Chinese wheat cultivars‘Luyan 128’,‘Jimai 38’,‘Jimai 44’,and‘Shannong 30’.In the m1 generation,the mEP had numerous phenotypical variations,such as>3,000 chlorophyll-deficient mutants,2,519 compact spikes,and 1,692 male sterile *** were also rare mutations,including 30 independent tillers each with double *** m1 variations of chlorophyll-deficiency and compact spikes were inheritable,appearing in the m2 or m3 *** advance the entire mEP to higher generations,we adopted a single-seed descendent(SSD)*** other seed composites of m2 were used to screen other agronomically important traits,such as the tolerance to herbicide *** mEP is available for collaborative projects,and provides a valuable toolbox for wheat genetics and breeding for sustainable agriculture.

关键词： wheat germplasm ethyl methane sulfonate genetics and breeding

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Growth,leaf anatomy,and photosynthesis of cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)seedlings in response to four light-emitting diodes and high pressure sodium lamp

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第1期7卷 79-89页

作者： ZHANG Yichi LIAO Baopeng LI Fangjun ENEJI AEgrinya DU mingwei TIAN Xiaoli Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator Ministry of EducationCollege of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Department of Soil science Faculty of AgricultureForestryand Wildlife Resources ManagementUniversity of CalabarCalabarNigeria

Background Light is a critical factor in plant growth and development,particularly in controlled ***-emitting diodes(LEDs)have become a reliable alternative to conventional high pressure sodium(HSP)lamps because they are more efficient and versatile in light *** contrast to well-known specialized LED light spectra for vegetables,the appropriate LED lights for crops such as cotton remain *** In this growth chamber study,we selected and compared four LED lights with varying percentages(26.44%–68.68%)of red light(R,600–700 nm),combined with other lights,for their effects on growth,leaf anatomy,and photosynthesis of cotton seedlings,using HSP lamp as a *** total photosynthetic photon flux density(PPFD)was(215±2)μmol·m-2·s-1 for all LEDs and HSP *** results showed significant differences in all tested parameters among lights,and the percentage of far red(FR,701–780 nm)within the range of 3.03%–11.86%was positively correlated with plant growth(characterized by leaf number and area,plant height,stem diameter,and total biomass),palisade layer thickness,photosynthesis rate(Pn),and stomatal conductance(Gs).The ratio of R/FR(4.445–11.497)negatively influenced the growth of cotton seedlings,and blue light(B)suppressed stem elongation but increased palisade cell length,chlorophyll content,and *** The LED 2 was superior to other LED lights and HSP *** had the highest ratio of FR within the total PPFD(11.86%)and the lowest ratio of R/FR(4.445).LED 2 may therefore be used to replace HPS lamp under controlled environments for the study of cotton at the seedling stage.

关键词： Cotton seedling Light-emitting diodes Biomass Palisade cell Photosynthesis

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Histological and single-nucleus transcriptome analyses reveal the specialized functions of ligular sclerenchyma cells and key regulators of leaf angle in maize

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molecular Plant 2024年第6期17卷 920-934页

作者： Qibin Wang Qiuyue Guo Qingbiao Shi Hengjia Yang meiling Liu Yani Niu Shuxuan Quan Di Xu Xiaofeng Chen Laiyi Li Wenchang Xu Fanying Kong Haisen Zhang Pinghua Li Bosheng Li Gang Li State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement College of Life SciencesShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an 271018China Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural sciences Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agriculture Sciences in WeifangWeifangShandong 261325China State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement College of AgronomyShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an 271018China

Leaf angle(LA)is a crucial factor that affects planting density and yield in ***,the regulatory mechanisms underlying LA formation remain largely *** this study,we performed a comparative histological analysis of the ligular region across various maize inbred lines and revealed that LA is significantly influenced by a two-step regulatory process involving initial cell elongation followed by subsequent lignification in the ligular adaxial sclerenchyma cells(scs).Subsequently,we performed both bulk and single-nucleus RNA sequencing,generated a comprehensive transcriptomic atlas of the ligular region,and identified numerous genes enriched in the hypodermal cells that may influence their specialization into ***,we functionally characterized two genes encoding atypical basic-helix-loop-helix(bHLH)transcription factors,bHLH30 and its homolog bHLH155,which are highly expressed in the elongated adaxial *** analyses revealed that bHLH30 and bHLH155 positively regulate LA expansion,and molecular experiments demonstrated their ability to activate the transcription of genes involved in cell elongation and lignification of *** findings highlight the specialized functions of ligular adaxial scs in LA regulation by restricting further extension of ligular cells and enhancing mechanical *** transcriptomic atlas of the ligular region at single-nucleus resolution not only deepens our understanding of LA regulation but also enables identification of numerous potential targets for optimizing plant architecture in modern maize breeding.

关键词： planting specialized angle

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Soil loss and displacement by heavy equipment in forest road subgrading projects

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2009年第2期24卷 227-235页

作者： Aidin PARSAKHOO Seyed Ataollah HOSSEINI majid LOTFALIAN Hamid JALILVAND m.sc. Student of Forest Engineering Faculty of Natural ResourcesMazandaran University Department of Forestry Faculty of Natural ResourcesMazandaran University

Forest soil is an important component of the natural environment,and is a primary medium for many biological activities. In this study,soil loss and displacement by excavator and bulldozer(heavy equipments) were measured on cut and fills slopes of forest roads located in mazandaran province,Iran. The volumes of soil losses were estimated by prismoidal analyses of cut and fill slopes deformation between two time treatments(under subgrading and two years later) in slope classes of 30-50% and 50-70%. Weights of soil losses were calculated by multiplying the volumes of soil losses(cm3) to the general bulk density(1.3g/cm3) . Soil displaced area by heavy equipment was evaluated according to earth working width. Results indicated that heavy equipment has significant effect on deformation of cut slope gradient and fill slope length(pmed in different slope classes. The average soil loss by excavator and bulldozer were 160.35 t/ha·yr and 429.09 t/ha·yr,respectively. moreover,the soil displaced area during the subgrading process by bulldozer was greater than excavator in both two slope classes(pment in forest roads can be reduced by applying powerful excavators in subgrading project,especially in steep terrains.

关键词： Soil losses Soil displacement Heavy equipment Forest road Subgrading

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Strategies for improving crop comprehensive benefits via a decision-making system based on machine learning in the rice‒rape,rice‒wheat and rice‒garlic rotation systems in Southwest China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第9期23卷 2970-2988页

作者： Xinrui Li Xiafei Li Tao Liu Huilai Yin Hao Fu Yongheng Luo Yanfu Bai Hongkun Yang Zhiyuan Yang Yongjian Sun Jun ma Zongkui Chen Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province/Rice Research Institute/State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China/Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130China College of Grassland science and Technology Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China College of agronomy Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China

Rice‒rape,rice‒wheat and rice‒garlic rotations are common cropping systems in Southwest China,and they have played a significant role in ensuring ecological and economic benefits(EB)and addressing the challenges of China’s food security in the ***,the crop yields in these rotation systems are 1.25‒14.73%lower in this region than the national *** decision-making with machine learning can analyze the key factors for obtaining better benefits,but it has rarely been used to enhance the probability of obtaining such benefits from rotations in Southwest ***,we used a data-intensive approach to construct an intelligent decision‒making system with machine learning to provide strategies for improving the benefits of rice-rape,rice-wheat,and rice-garlic rotations in Southwest *** results show that raising the yield and partial fertilizer productivity(PFP)by increasing seed input under high fertilizer application provided the optimal benefits with a 10%probability in the rice-garlic *** high yields and greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions by increasing the N application and reducing the K application provided suboptimal benefits with an 8%probability in the rice-rape *** N and P to enhance PFP and yield provided optimal benefits with the lowest probability(8%)in the rice‒wheat *** on the predictive analysis of a random forest model,the optimal benefits were obtained with fertilization regimes by reducing N by 25%and increasing P and K by 8 and 74%,respectively,in the rice-garlic system,reducing N and K by 54 and by 36%,respectively,and increasing P by 38%in rice-rape system,and reducing N by 4%and increasing P and K by 65 and 23%in rice-wheat *** strategies could be further optimized by 17‒34%for different benefits,and all of these measures can improve the effectiveness of the crop rotation systems to varying ***,these findings provide insights into optimal agricultural inputs for higher be

关键词： rice rotation agricultural management greenhouse gas emissions comprehensive benefits fertilizer management

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ZmCYP90D1 regulates maize internode development by modulating brassinosteroid-mediated cell division and growth

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The Crop Journal 2024年第1期12卷 58-67页

作者： Canran Sun Yang Liu Guofang Li Yanle Chen mengyuan Li Ruihua Yang Yongtian Qin Yongqiang Chen Jinpeng Cheng Jihua Tang Zhiyuan Fu Key Laboratory of Wheat and maize Crops science/Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops/College of agronomy Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450046HenanChina The Shennong Laboratory Zhengzhou 450002HenanChina Hebi Academy of Agricultural sciences Hebi 458030HenanChina Yunnan Tang Jihua Expert Workstation/Zhaotong Academy of Agricultural sciences Zhaotong 657000YunnanChina

Plant height(PH)is associated with lodging resistance and planting density,which is regulated by a complicated gene *** this study,we identified a spontaneous dwarfing mutation in maize,m30,with decreased internode number and length but increased internode diameter.A candidate gene,ZmCYP90D1,which encodes a member of the cytochrome P450 family,was isolated by map-based ***90D1 was constitutively expressed and showed highest expression in basal internodes,and its protein was targeted to the nucleus.A G-to-A substitution was identified to be the causal mutation,which resulted in a truncated protein in *** of function of ZmCYP90D1 changed expression of hormoneresponsive genes,in particular brassinosteroid(BR)-responsive genes which is mainly involved in cell cycle regulation and cell wall extension and modification in *** concentration of typhasterol(TY),a downstream intermediate of ZmCYP90D1 in the BR pathway,was reduced.A haplotype conferring dwarfing without reducing yield was ***90D1 was inferred to influence plant height and stalk diameter via hormone-mediated cell division and cell growth via the BR pathway.

关键词： maize ZmCYP90D1 BR biosynthesis Dwarf plant

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Integrins and their potential roles in mammalian pregnancy

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 1-19页

作者： Gregory A.Johnson Robert C.Burghardt Fuller W.Bazer Heewon Seo Joe W.Cain Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843‑4459USA Department of Animal science College of Agriculture and Life SciencesTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843‑2471USA

Integrins are a highly complex family of receptors that, when expressed on the surface of cells, can mediate reciprocal cell-to-cell and cell-to-extracellular matrix(ECm) interactions leading to assembly of integrin adhesion complexes(IACs) that initiate many signaling functions both at the membrane and deeper within the cytoplasm to coordinate processes including cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, survival, differentiation, and metabolism. All metazoan organisms possess integrins, and it is generally agreed that integrins were associated with the evolution of multicellularity, being essential for the association of cells with their neighbors and surroundings, during embryonic development and many aspects of cellular and molecular biology. Integrins have important roles in many aspects of embryonic development, normal physiology, and disease processes with a multitude of functions discovered and elucidated for integrins that directly influence many areas of biology and medicine, including mammalian pregnancy, in particular implantation of the blastocyst to the uterine wall, subsequent placentation and conceptus(embryo/fetus and associated placental membranes) development. This review provides a succinct overview of integrin structure, ligand binding, and signaling followed with a concise overview of embryonic development, implantation, and early placentation in pigs, sheep, humans, and mice as an example for rodents. A brief timeline of the initial localization of integrin subunits to the uterine luminal epithelium(LE) and conceptus trophoblast is then presented, followed by sequential summaries of integrin expression and function during gestation in pigs, sheep, humans, and rodents. As appropriate for this journal, summaries of integrin expression and function during gestation in pigs and sheep are in depth, whereas summaries for humans and rodents are brief. Because similar models to those illustrated in Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 are present throughout the sc

关键词： Humans Implantation Integrins Pigs Pregnancy Rodents Sheep

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Vanillin Based Polymers:***(hydrovanilloin-furfural)and Poly(hydrovanilloin-5-hydroxymethylfurfural)

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Journal of Renewable materials 2024年第9期12卷 1495-1506页

作者： Ananda S.Amarasekara Gabriel murillo morales Raghava R.Kommalapati Department of Chemistry Prairie View A&M University700 University DrivePrairie ViewTX 77446USA Center for Energy&Environmental Sustainability Prairie View A&M University700 University DrivePrairie ViewTX 77446USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Prairie View A&M University700 University DrivePrairie ViewTX 77446USA

Renewable resources based polymers provides a sustainable alternative to petroleum derived polymeric *** a part of our series on synthesis of vanillin based renewable polymers,we report the synthesis of poly(hydrovanilloin-furfural)[poly(HVL-Fur)]and poly(hydrovanilloin–5-hydromethylfurfural)[poly(HVL-5-HmF)].Vanillin was dimerized to a mixtures of meso/DL-hydrovanilloins with 94%meso product by electrochemical reductive coupling in aqueous sodium hydroxide using lead electrodes in quantitative *** sodium hydroxide catalyzed condensation of hydrovanilloin with furfural in water at 80℃for 72 h was used to synthesize poly(HVL-Fur)with mw=8600 g mol^(−1),PDI=1.28 in 78%***,condensation of hydrovanilloin with 5-hydroxymethylfurfural at 80℃for 48 h produced poly(HVL-5-HmF)with mw=12,100 g mol−1,PDI=1.27 in 68%***(HVL-Fur)and poly(HVL-5-HmF)showed similar Tg values of 59℃and 60℃,respectively;whereas melting behaviors are dissimilar with Tm 171℃–173℃and 148℃–182℃,respectively.

关键词： Vanillin hydrovanilloin furfural 5-hydroxymethylfurfural renewable polymers

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