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Relationship between Seed Priming mediated Seedling Vigor and Yield Performance of Spring Wheat

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第6期93卷 1159-1177页

作者： md.Parvez Anwar masuma Akhter Sharmin Aktar Sinthia Afsana Kheya A.K.m.mominul Islam Sabina Yeasmin Ahmed Khairul Hasan md.Harun Or Rashid Department of agronomy Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh2202Bangladesh

Seed priming is a pre-germinated technique that can enhance seed germination percentage,faster and synchro-nized germination,better seedling growth,and yield under stress *** ascertain the most effective seed priming method that would ensure the potential yield of wheat in Bangladesh,two experiments were carried out from December 2021 to march 2022 at the Department of agronomy,Bangladesh Agricultural *** wheat varieties namely BARI Gom-28 and BWmRI Gom-1 were subjected to a range of priming chemicals in both lab and pot *** compounds included the following:control(no priming),hydropriming(distilled water),10000 ppm KNO_(3),15000 ppm KNO_(3),40000 ppm mannitol,60000 ppm mannitol,10000 ppm NaCl,20000 ppm NaCl,100 ppm PEG,150 ppm PEG,500 ppm NaOCl,1000 ppm NaOCl,10000 ppm CaCl_(2),20000 ppm CaCl_(2),10000 ppm KCl and 20000 ppm KCl.A complete randomized design(CRD)with three repli-cations was used to set up the *** results showed that BARI Gom-28 and BWmRI Gom-1 responded best to KCl priming in terms of rapid seed germination and strong seedling *** the other hand,the best priming agents for plant growth and productivity turned out to be CaCl_(2) and *** results of this study support the possibility of using seed priming as a technique to improve wheat plant development and output by raising seed emergence and survival rates.

关键词： Priming seedling percentage germination growth yield wheat

N-cycle gene abundance determination of N mineralization rate following re-afforestation in the Loess Plateau of China

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第1期6卷 97-106页

作者： Yaping Zhao Yuqing Zhao Shuohong Zhang Yulin Xu Xinhui Han Gaihe Yang Chengjie Ren College of agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Shaanxi Engineering Research Center of Circular Agriculture College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

Afforestation effectively improved soil microbial communities and significantly increased soil nitro-gen mineralization rate(Rm).Soil microorganisms drive Rm by regulating soil N-cycling *** nitrification genes had a major effect on soil Rm than denitrification genes after *** the function of forest ecosystems requires an understanding of the mechanism of soil nitrogen ***,it remains unclear how soil N-cycling genes drive soil nitrogen mineralization during *** this study,we collected soil samples from a chrono-sequence of 14,20,30,and 45 years of Robinia pseudoacacia L.(RP14,RP20,RP30,and RP45)with a sloped farmland(FL)as a *** metagenomic sequencing analysis,we found significant changes in the diversity and composition of soil microbial communities involved in N-cycling along the afforestation time series,with afforestation effectively increasing the diversity(both alpha and beta diversity)of soil microbial *** conducted indoor culture experiments and analyzed correlations,which revealed a significant increase in both soil nitrification rate(Rn)and soil nitrogen mineralization rate(Rm)with increasing stand ***,we found a strong correlation between soil Rm and soil microbial diversity(both alpha and beta diversity)and with the abundance of soil N-cycling *** least squares path modeling(PLS-Pm)analysis showed that nitrification genes(narH,narY,nxrB,narG,narZ,nxrA,hao,pmoC-amoC)and denitrification genes(norB,nosZ,nirK)had a greater direct effect on soil Rm compared to their effect on soil microbial *** results reveal the relationships between soil nitrogen mineralization rate and soil microbial communities and between the mineralization rate and functional genes involved in N-cycling,in the context of Robinia pseudoacacia *** on the Loess *** study enriches the understanding of the effects of microorganisms on soil nitrogen mineraliza

关键词： afforestation soil N mineralization rate denitrification genes nitrification genes the Loess Plateau

Rheological and stability analysis of cement pastes incorporating silica-based wastes

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Particuology 2024年第6期89卷 144-152页

作者： Julia da Rosa martins Janaíde Cavalcante Rocha Dachamir Hotza Luciano Senff Graduate Program in materials science and Engineering(PPGmAT) Federal University of Santa Catarina(UFSC)Florianópolis88040-900SCBrazil Graduate Program in Civil Engineering(PPGEC) Federal University of Santa Catarina(UFSC)Florianópolis88040-900SCBrazil Graduate Program in Chemical Engineering(POSENQ) Federal University of Santa Catarina(UFSC)Florianópolis88040-900SCBrazil Department of mobility Engineering Federal University of Santa Catarina(UFSC)Joinville89219-600SCBrazil

This study investigates the influence of waste characteristics,especially zeta potential,on the properties of cement pastes and *** focus is to evaluate the impact of the zeta potential of cement particles and waste materials on the sedimentation speed,rheology,and hardening time of stabilized cement *** Cement II F 40,retarder additive,silica,and fly ash were used in the *** pastes were prepared,and during the stabilization period,their rheological properties and pH were *** zeta potential and sedimentation speed of the cement and waste particles were measured at the pH that the pastes presented during the entire stabilization *** the stabilization period,the pastes were subjected to the hardening time *** zeta potential analyses revealed diverse values for the different powder types,with the cement particles exhibiting a zeta potential of−3.0 mV,the silica particles exhibiting−10.5 mV,and the fly ash particles exhibiting−20.3 *** influence of the high zeta potential modulus was observed on the sedimentation speed,with the solution containing fly ash exhibiting a speed of 40.01μm/s,whereas the solution containing only cement exhibited a speed of 99.38μm/*** the pastes,the results indicate that the presence of fly ash particles with a significantly negative zeta potential led to a 16%reduction in hardening time compared to particles with a lower modulus of zeta *** tests showed that the inclusion of fly ash particles prevented the formation of *** the zeta potential influenced agglomerate formation and hardening time,it was found to have no effect on yield stress or viscosity.

关键词： Wastes Zeta potential Setting time Rheometry

Solving traffic data occlusion problems in computer vision algorithms using DeepSORT and quantum computing

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第1期11卷 1-15页

作者： Frank Ngeni Judith mwakalonge Saidi Siuhi Department of Engineering South Carolina State UniversityOrangeburgSC 29117USA

Inaccuracies of traffic sensors during traffic counting and vehicle classification have persisted as transportation agencies have been prompted to calibrate sensors *** of multiple objects,heavy occlusions,and similar appearances in congested places are some causes of computer vision model *** paper used the YOLOv5 model for detection and the DeepSORT model for tracking *** to the nature of the reported problem caused by many misses and mismatches,the power of quantum computing with the alternating direction method of multipliers(ADmm)optimizer was leveraged.A basic Kalman filter and the Hungarian algorithm features were used in combination with a quantum optimizer to present robust multiple object tracking(mOT)*** hybrid combination of the classical and quantum model has fastened learning the occludes during frame matching of tracks and detections by generating minimum quantum cost function *** with the existing models indicated a significant increase in the primary mOT metric multiple object tracking accuracy(mOTA)by 16%more than the regular YOLOv5-DeepSORT model when using a quantum ***,a 6%multiple object tracking precision(mOTP)increases and a 6%identification metrics(F_(1))score increase were observed using the quantum optimizer with identity switching reduced from 6 to *** model is expected to assist transportation officials in improving the accuracy of traffic counts and vehicle classification and reduce the need for regular computer vision software calibration.

关键词： Traffic classification Traffic counting DeepSORT YOLOv5 Quantum computing

Natural variation in mORE GRAINS 1 regulates grain number and grain weight in rice

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第7期66卷 1440-1458页

作者： Yingchun Han Qianfeng Hu Nuo Gong Huimin Yan Najeeb Ullah Khan Yanxiu Du Hongzheng Sun Quanzhi Zhao Wanxi Peng Zichao Li Zhanying Zhang Junzhou Li Henan Key Laboratory of Rice molecular Breeding and High Efﬁciency Production College of AgronomyHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450046China Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement College of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Rice Industrial Technology Research Institute Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China school of Forestry Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450046China

Grain yield is determined mainly by grain number and grain *** this study,we identified and characterized mORE GRAINS1(mOG1),a gene associated with grain number and grain weight in rice(Oryza sativa L.),through map-based *** of mOG1 increased grain yield by 18.6%-22.3%under field *** determined that mOG1,a bHLH transcription factor,interacts with OsbHLH107 and directly activates the expression of LONELY GUY(LOG),which encodes a cytokinin-activating enzyme and the cell expansion gene EXPANSIN-LIKE1(EXPLA1),positively regulating grain number per panicle and grain *** variations in the promoter and coding regions of mOG1 between Hap-LNW and Hap-HNW alleles resulted in changes in mOG1 expression level and transcriptional activation,leading to functional *** analysis revealed that Hap-HNW,which results in a greater number and heavier grains,has undergone strong selection but has been poorly utilized in modern lowland rice *** summary,the mOG1-OsbHLH107 complex activates LOG and EXPLA1 expression to promote cell expansion and division of young panicles through the cytokinin pathway,thereby increasing grain number and grain *** findings suggest that Hap-HNW could be used in strategies to breed high-yielding temperate japonica lowland rice.

关键词： grain number grain weight mOG1 natural variation rice

Fire resistance evaluation through synthetic fire tests and generative adversarial networks

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 587-614页

作者： AybikeÖzyükselÇiftçioğlua m.Z.Naser Department of Civil Engineering Manisa Celal Bayar University45140Türkiye school of Civil&Environmental Engineering and Earth sciences(scEEES) Clemson UniversityClemsonSC 29631USA Artificial Intelligence Research Institute for science and Engineering(AIRISE) Clemson UniversityClemsonSC 29631USA

This paper introduces a machine learning approach to address the challenge of limited data resulting from costly and time-consuming fire experiments by enlarging small fire test data sets and predicting the fire resistance of reinforced concrete *** approach begins by creating deep learning models,namely generative adversarial networks and variational autoencoders,to learn the spatial distribution of real fire *** then use these models to generate synthetic tabular samples that closely resemble realistic fire resistance values for reinforced concrete *** generated data are employed to train state-of-the-art machine learning techniques,including Extreme Gradient Boost,Light Gradient Boosting machine,Categorical Boosting Algorithm,Support Vector Regression,Random Forest,Decision Tree,multiple Linear Regression,Polynomial Regression,Support Vector machine,Kernel Support Vector machine,Naive Bayes,and K-Nearest Neighbors,which can predict the fire resistance of the columns through regression and *** learning analyses achieved highly accurate predictions of fire resistance values,outperforming traditional models that relied solely on limited experimental *** study highlights the potential for using machine learning and deep learning analyses to revolutionize the field of structural engineering by improving the accuracy and efficiency of fire resistance evaluations while reducing the reliance on costly and time-consuming experiments.

关键词： deep learning fire resistance generative adversarial networks machine learning

Grain yield and N uptake of maize in response to increased plant density under reduced water and nitrogen supply conditions

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第1期23卷 122-140页

作者： Jingui Wei Qiang Chai Wen Yin Hong Fan Yao Guo Falong Hu Zhilong Fan QimingWang State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop science Lanzhou 730070China College of agronomy Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou 730070China College of Life sciences Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China

The development of modern agriculture requires the reduction of water and chemical N fertilizer *** the planting density can maintain higher yields,but also consumes more of these restrictive ***,whether an increased maize density can compensate for the negative effects of reduced water and N supply on grain yield and N uptake in the arid irrigated areas remains *** study is part of a long-term positioning trial that started in 2016.A split-split plot field experiment of maize was implemented in the arid irrigated area of northwestern China in 2020 to *** treatments included two irrigation levels:local conventional irrigation reduced by 20%(W1,3,240 m^(3)ha^(-1))and local conventional irrigation(W2,4,050 m^(3)ha^(-1));two N application rates:local conventional N reduced by 25%(N1,270 kg ha^(-1))and local conventional N(360 kg ha^(-1));and three planting densities:local conventional density(D1,75,000 plants ha^(-1)),density increased by 30%(D2,97,500 plants ha-1),and density increased by 60%(D3,120,000 plants ha^(-1)).Our results showed that the grain yield and aboveground N accumulation of maize were lower under the reduced water and N inputs,but increasing the maize density by 30% can compensate for the reductions of grain yield and aboveground N accumulation caused by the reduced water and N *** water was reduced while the N application rate remained unchanged,increasing the planting density by 30% enhanced grain yield by 13.9% and aboveground N accumulation by 15.3%.Under reduced water and N inputs,increasing the maize density by 30% enhanced N uptake efficiency and N partial factor productivity,and it also compensated for the N harvest index and N metabolic related enzyme *** with W2N2D1,the N uptake efficiency and N partial factor productivity increased by 28.6 and 17.6%under W1N1D2.W1N2D2 had 8.4% higher N uptake efficiency and 13.9% higher N partial factor productivity than W2N2D1.W1N2D2 improv

关键词： water and N reduction plant density maize grain yield N uptake compensation effect

Striking a growth–defense balance:Stress regulators that function in maize development

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第3期66卷 424-442页

作者： Shiyi Xie Hongbing Luo Wei Huang Weiwei Jin Zhaobin Dong maize Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hunan Province College of AgronomyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China State Key Laboratory of maize Bio-breeding National Maize Improvement CenterFrontiers Science Center for Molecular Design BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent Breeding of major Crops Fresh Corn Research Center of BTHCollege of Agronomy&Resources and EnvironmentTianjin Agricultural UniversityTianjin 300384China

maize(Zea mays)cultivation is strongly affected by both abiotic and biotic stress,leading to reduced growth and *** has recently become clear that regulators of plant stress responses,including the phytohormones abscisic acid(ABA),ethylene(ET),and jasmonic acid(JA),together with reactive oxygen species(ROS),shape plant growth and *** their well established functions in stress responses,these molecules play crucial roles in balancing growth and defense,which must be finely tuned to achieve high yields in crops while maintaining some level of *** this review,we provide an in-depth analysis of recent research on the developmental functions of stress regulators,focusing specifically on *** unraveling the contributions of these regulators to maize development,we present new avenues for enhancing maize cultivation and growth while highlighting the potential risks associated with manipulating stress regulators to enhance grain yields in the face of environmental challenges.

关键词： stress regulators maize development ABA ET JA ROS

A dynamic regulation of nitrogen on floret primordia development in wheat

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The Crop Journal 2024年第1期12卷 271-280页

作者： Zhen Zhang Yujing Li Yuxun Wu Xiaoyu Zheng Xiaolei Guo Wan Sun Zhencai Sun Zhimin Wang Yinghua Zhang College of agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of Biological sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Engineering Technology Research Center for Agriculture in Low Plain Areas Cangzhou 061800HebeiChina

Nitrogen(N)fertilization is critical for spike and floret development,which affects the number of fertile florets per spike(NFFs).However,the physiological regulation of the floret development process by N fertilization is largely unknown.A high temporal-resolution investigation of floret primordia number and morphology,dry matter,and N availability was conducted under three N fertilization levels:0(N0),120(N1)and 240(N2)kg ha^(−1).Interestingly,fertile florets at anthesis stage were determined by those floret primordia with meiotic ability at booting stage:meiotic ability was a threshold that predicted whether a floret primordium became fertile or abortive *** the developmental rate of the 4th floret primordium in the central spikelet was accelerated and then they acquired meiotic ability,the NFFs increased gradually as N application increased,but the increase range decreased under *** were no differences in spike N concentration among treatments,but leaf N concentration was increased in the N1 and N2 ***,dry matter accumulation and N content of the leaf and spike in the N1 and N2 treatments was increased as compared to ***,optimal N fertilization increased leaf N availability and transport of assimilates to spikes,and allowed more floret primordia to acquire meiotic ability and become fertile florets,finally increasing *** was no difference in leaf N concentration between N1 and N2 treatment,whereas soil N concentration at 0–60 cm soil layers was higher in N2 than in N1 treatment,implying that there was still some N fertilization that remained ***,improving the leaf’s ability to further use N fertilizer is vital for greater NFFs.

关键词： Fertile florets Floret primordia Grain number meiotic ability morphological development