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From single to combinatorial therapies in spinal cord injuries for structural and functional restoration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 660-670页

作者： Ernesto Doncel-Pérez Gabriel Guízar-Sahagún Israel Grijalva-Otero Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos de Toledo Servicio de Salud de Castilla La Mancha(SESCAM)ToledoSpain medical Research Unit for Neurological Diseases UMAE Hospital de EspecialidadesCentro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIIMSSCiudad de MéxicoMéxico

Spinal cord injury results in paralysis, sensory disturbances, sphincter dysfunction, and multiple systemic secondary conditions, most arising from.a.tonomic dysregulation. All this produces profound negative psychosocial implications for affected people, their families, and their communities;the financial costs can be challenging for their families and health institutions. Treatments aimed at restoring the spinal cord after spinal cord injury, which have been tested in animal models or clinical trials, generally seek to counteract one or more of the secondary mechanisms of injury to limit the extent of the initial damage. most published works on structural/functional restoration in acute and chronic spinal cord injury stages use a single type of treatment: a drug or trophic factor, transplant of a cell type, and implantation of a biomaterial. Despite the significant benefits reported in animal models, when translating these successful therapeutic strategies to humans, the result in clinical trials has been considered of little relevance because the improvement, when present, is usually insufficient. Until now, most studies designed to promote neuroprotection or regeneration at different stages after spinal cord injury have used single treatments. Considering the occurrence of various secondary mechanisms of injury in the acute and sub-acute phases of spinal cord injury, it is reasonable to speculate that more than one therapeutic agent could be required to promote structural and functional restoration of the damaged spinal cord. Treatments that combine several therapeutic agents, targeting different mechanisms of injury, which, when used as a single therapy, have shown some benefits, allow us to assume that they will have synergistic beneficial effects. Thus, this narrative review article aims to sum.a.ize current trends in the use of strategies that combine therapeutic agents administered simultaneously or sequentially, seeking structural and functional restoratio

关键词： neural regeneration neuroprotection spinal cord injury repair spinal cord injury treatments structural restoration of spinal cord injury

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SCHIFF BASE POLYmERS DERIVED FROm 4,4'-mETHYLENEBIS(CINNAmALDEHYDE)

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2007年第4期25卷 399-407页

作者： m.Y. Khuhawar A. Shah m.a. mughal Dr. m.a. Kazi Institute of Chemistry University of SindhJamshoroSindhPakistan

New Schiff base polymers poly[4,4＇-methylenebis（cinnamaldehyde）ethylenediimine] （PmBCen）, poly[4,4＇- methylenebis（cinnamaldehyde）1,2-propylenediimine] （PmBCPn）, poly[4,4＇-methylenebis（cinnamaldehyde）1,3-propylenediimine] （PmBCPR）, poly[4,4＇-methylenebis（cinnamaldehyde） 1,2-phenylenediimine] （PmBCPh）, poly[4,4＇-methylenebis（cinnamaldehyde）meso-stilbenediimine] （PmBCS）, poly[4,4＇-methylenebis（cinnamaldehyde）urea] （PmBCUR）, poly[4,4＇- methylenebis（cinnamaldehyde）semicarbazone] （PmBCSc）, poly[4,4＇-methylenebis（cinnamaldehyde）thiosemicarbazone] （PmBCTSc） and poly[4,4＇-methylenebis（cinnamaldehyde）hydrazone] （PmBCH） were formed by polycondensation of 4,4＇- methylenebis（cinnamaldehyde） with ethylenediamine, 1,2-propylenediamine, 1,3-propylenediamine, 1,2-phenylenediamine, meso-stilbenediamine, urea, semicarbazide, thiosemicarbazide and hydrazine, respectively. The dialdehyde and polymers have been characterized through elemental micro-analysis, IR, UV-Vis and ^1H-NmR spectroscopic techniques. Therm.a.alytical studies and viscous flow of dilute solutions of dialdehyde and its polymers have been examined and com.a.ed.

关键词： Schiff base polymers Synthesis Characterization Infrared spectroscopy Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy Nuclear magnetic resonance Thermogravimetric analysis Differential thermal analysis.

Insight into physical properties of lutetium-based double half-Heusler alloys LuXCo_(2)Bi_(2)(X=V,Nb and Ta)

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第1期43卷 199-208,I0008页

作者： Saber Saad Essaoud Said Al Azar Ahmad A.mousa Anas Y.Al-Reyahi Nabil Al Aqtash mohammed Elamin Ketfi Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of M'sila28000M'silaAlgeria Laboratoire de Physique des Particules et Physique Statistique Ecole Normale Superieure-KoubaBP 92Vieux-Kouba16050AlgiersAlgeria Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceZarqa UniversityZarqa13132Jordan Department of Basic Sciences Middle East UniversityAmman183Jordan Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private UniversityAmman11937Jordan Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceThe Hashemite UniversityP.0.Box 330127Zarqa13133Jordan Department of Electronics Faculty of TechnologyUniversity of M'sila28000M'silaAlgeria

Based on the density functional theory,the double half-Heusler alloys LuXCo_(2)Bi_(2)(X=V,Nb,and Ta)were studied to predict their structural,thermodynamic,thermoelectric,and optical *** the considered alloys are thermodynamically stable and have semiconductor behavior with indirect band gaps of 0.62,0.75,and 0.8 eV for LuVCo_(2)Bi_(2),LuNbCo_(2)Bi_(2),and LuTaCu_(2)Bi_(2),*** investigated compounds exhibit semiconducting behavior with energy gaps below 0.8 *** im.a.t of heat and pressure on thermodynamic coefficients was evaluated,and the influence of charge carriers on the temperature-dependent properties was studied using the semi-classical Boltzmann *** studied compounds were characterized by their low lattice thermal conductivity at room temperature and low thermal expansion *** alloys exhibit substantial absorption coefficients in the ultraviolet(UV)light region,high optical conductivity,and high reflectivity in the visible light region,making them highly appealing materials for applications in the energy and electronics sectors.

关键词： Double half-Heusler Abinitio calculation Optical coefficients Thermoelectricity Lattice thermal conductivity Rareearths

Prevalence and risk of progression of pancreatic cystic lesions in immunosuppressed patients:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Transplantation 2025年第2期15卷 320-327页

作者： maximilian Kießler Helmut Friess Volker Assfalg Department of Surgery Klinikum Rechts der IsarTechnische Universität MünchenMünchen 81675Germany Department of Surgery Technische Universität MünchenMünchen 81675Germany

BACKGROUND Pancreatic cystic lesions are common in patients eligible for solid organ *** has been shown that the need for immunosuppression after organ transplantation increases the rate of malignancies in organ ***,the im.a.t of immunosuppression on pancreatic cystic lesions is yet *** To evaluate the prevalence of pancreatic cystic lesions and the risk of cyst progression in immunosuppressed *** A systematic literature search was performed in relevant *** reporting either on the prevalence and/or the incidence of pancreatic cyst progression com.a.ed to a control group were implemented in the first systematic review and meta-analysis on this *** The prevalence of pancreatic cystic lesions was com.a.able with 7%(95%CI:5%-11%)in the immunosuppressed cohort and 9%(95%CI:5%-16%)in the control *** m.a. cyst size increase in the immunosuppression group was 3.2 mm(range 1.0-5.2mm)com.a.ed to 3.5 mm(1.0-6.9)in the control group(standar-dized m.a. difference 0.0 mm,95%CI:-0.3-0.2 mm,P=0.72).There was also no significant increase in the development of resection criteria or worrisome features under immunosuppression either[relative risk 1.1(fixed effect model),1.2(ran-dom effects model),P=0.61].CONCLUSION Immunosuppression does not increase the prevalence of pancreatic cystic lesions,nor does it increase the risk of cyst progression in terms of cyst size and development of resection ***,pancreatic cystic lesions in transplant candidates should not be a contraindication for solid organ transplantation.

关键词： Pancreatic cystic lesions Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm Immunosuppression Organ transplantation Systematic review

Evidence supporting the relationship between maternal asthma and risk for autism spectrum disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1101-1102页

作者： Hadley Osman Paul Ashwood Department of medical microbiology and Immunology and the M.I.N.D.InstituteUniversity of California at DavisSacramentoCAUSA

During pregnancy,maternal immune activation(m.a.,due to infection,chronic inflam.a.ory disorders,or toxic exposures,can result in lasting health im.a.ts on the developing *** has been associated with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders,such as autism spectrum disorder(ASD)in the *** is characterized by increased repetitive and stereotyped behaviors and decreased *** of 2020,1 in 36 children are diagnosed with ASD by the age of 8 years,with ASD rates continuing to increase in prevalence in USA(Tamayo et al.,2023).Post-mortem brain studies,biomarker and transcriptomic studies,and epidemiology studies have provided compelling evidence of immune dysregulation in the circulation and brain of individuals diagnosed with ***,the etiology of ASD is largely unknown,however,genetic components and environmental factors can contribute to increased *** allergic asthma(m.a.,a form of m.a.has been identified as a potential risk factor for developing neurodevelopmental disorders(Patel et al.,2020).Asthma is a chronic inflam.a.ory condition driven by a T-helper type(TH)2 immune response.

关键词： disorders epidemiology fetus

Translocator protein and neurodegeneration: insights from.a.zheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1090-1091页

作者： Arpit Kumar Pradhan Rainer Rupprecht Gerhard Rammes Klinik für Anaesthesiologie und Intensivmedizin der Technischen Universität münchen Klinikum rechts der IsarMunichGermany Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenMartinsriedGermany Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University RegensburgRegensburgGermany

The 18 kDa translocator protein(TSPO)located on the outer mitochondrial membrane regulates several key cellular processes including mitochondrial homeostasis,cholesterol transport,apoptosis,cell proliferation,and maintenance of mitochondrial health(Rupprecht et al.,2022,2023).TSPO is expressed in both peripheral organs and the central nervous system,with a more pronounced expression in tissues that produce *** main reason why TSPO has garnered so much attention is because it plays a key role in neurosteroidogenesis by transferring cholesterol from the outer to the inner mitochondrial membrane,which is the rate-limiting step in neurosteroid synthesis.A cholesterol-recognizing amino acid consensus domain has been identified in the cytosolic C terminus of the TSPO protein by both in vitro and site-directed mutagenesis experiments(Li et al.,2001).However,the role of TSPO in the process of neurosteroid synthesis has been challenged by several studies,particularly TSPO knockout models,which suggest that TSPO removal does not affect the phenotype or the system’s viability(Tu et al.,2014).However,ligands targeting TSPO have been shown to enhance levels of neurosteroids which suggests that neurosteroidogenesis is one of the major functional roles mediated by the TSPO protein.

关键词： cholesterol organs

Green synthesis of glycolic acid through the electrocatalytic reduction of oxalic acid over black TiO_(2): An experimental and theoretical study

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 544-556页

作者： Hugo Olvera-Vargas Oscar Andrés Jaramillo-Quintero Luis Darío Alarcón León Orlando Castro-Ocampo Christian A.Celaya marina E.Rincón Jesús muñiz Instituto de Energías Renovables Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México(IER-UNAM)Priv.Xochicalco s/nCol.CentroTemixcoMorelos.CP 62580Mexico Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México(UNAM)Km 107Carretera Tijuana-EnsenadaEnsenadaB.C.C.P.22800Mexico

Herein,we present the electrocatalytic four-electron hydrogenation of oxalic acid into glycolic acid using black TiO_(2)as an *** acid is an abundant compound found in several sources of organic *** results showed a high selectivity of black TiO_(2)toward glycolic acid,with the formation of glyoxylic acid being the rate-limiting step (glyoxylic acid is the two-electron intermediate).The highest Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 69.6%±8.3% was achieved at 10.2 mA cm^(-2)in 4 h of electrolysis using an H-type cell operated at room temperature,with 50.2%±3.8% of oxalic acid conversion (degradation kinetic constant k=0.0042±0.0001 min-1),58.8%±7.0%of reaction yield and 1.2±0.18 g L-1of glycolic acid production.A theoretical model of black TiO_(2)coming from.a.atase TiO_(2)was implemented by introducing Ti3+defects,which gave black TiO_(2)the theoretical capability to easily transform oxalic acid into glycolic acid as experimentally *** reaction mechanism was supported and described in detail by density functional theory calculations,which revealed that surface Ti^(3+)states were the main catalytic *** is the first time that a detailed step-by-step mechanism.a. the atomic level has been proposed for this electrocatalytic reaction,which represents a valuable contribution to the understanding of this process of high energy/environmental *** is also the first time that black TiO_(2)has been used as an electrocatalyst for this sustainable process.

关键词： Chemical energy storage Electrochemical hydrogenation Density functional theory Renewable energy Oxalic acid

The Tibetan Plateau darkening initiates positive feedback through the Arctic

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Science Bulletin 2025年第3期70卷 299-300页

作者： Laurent Li Laboratoire de météorologie Dynamique Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueSorbonne UniversitéParis 75005France

With its high elevation and its geographic location in the subtropics,the Tibetan Plateau exerts strong mechanic forcing and thermodynamic control on the atmospheric general circulation,and consequently on climate var... 详细信息

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Arctic

Challenges and improvement strategies in the hospitalization of chronic multimorbid patients

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第3期13卷 35-41页

作者： Andres Fontalba-Navas Francisco Pozo muñoz Rogelio Garcia Cisneros maria Jose Garcia Larrosa maria del mar Callejon Gil Ignacio Garcia Delgado maria Belen Jimenez martinez Antequera Hospital Northern Málaga Integrated Healthcare AreaAntequera 29200AndalusiaSpain Department of Public Health and Psychiatry University of MálagaMálaga 29010Spain Antequera Hospital Northern Málaga Antequera Integrated Healthcare AreaAntequera 29200MálagaSpain

BACKGROUND Addressing the growing challenge of hospitalizing chronic multimorbid patients,this study examines the strain these conditions impose on healthcare systems at a local level,focusing on a pilot *** diseases and complex patients require comprehensive management strategies to reduce healthcare burdens and improve patient *** proven effective,this pilot model has the potential to be replicated in other healthcare settings to enhance the management of chronic multimorbid *** To evaluate the effectiveness of the high complexity unit(HCU)in managing chronic multimorbid patients through a multidisciplinary care model and to com.a.e it with standard hospital *** The study employed a descriptive longitudinal approach,analyzing data from the Basic minimum Data Set(BmDS)to com.a.e hospitalization variables among the HCU,the Internal medicine Service,and other services at Antequera Hospital throughout *** HCU,designed for patients with complex chronic conditions,integrates a patient-centered model emphasizing multidisciplinary care and continuity *** The study employed a descriptive longitudinal approach,analyzing data from the BmDS to com.a.e hospitalization variables among the HCU,the Internal medicine Service,and other services at Antequera Hospital throughout *** HCU,designed for patients with complex chronic conditions,integrates a patient-centered model emphasizing multidisciplinary care and continuity *** This study demonstrates the effectiveness of the HCU in managing patients with complex chronic diseases through a multidisciplinary *** coordinated care provided by the HCU results in improved patient outcomes,reduced unnecessary hospitalizations,and better management of patient *** superiority of the HCU com.a.ed to standard care is evident in key outcomes such as fewer readmissions and higher patient satisfaction,reinforcing its value as a model of ca

关键词： High complexity unit Chronic multimorbidity Patient-centered care Integrated care Healthcare management