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Decision support for the development,simulation and optimization of dynamic process models

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022年第2期16卷 210-220页

作者： Norbert Asprion Roger Böttcher Jan Schwientek Johannes Höller Patrick Schwartz Charlie Vanaret Michael Bortz BASF SE 67063 LudwigshafenGermany Fraunhofer ITWM 67663 KaiserslauternGermany

Simulation is besides experimentation the major method for designing,analyzing and optimizing chemical *** ability of simulations to reflect real process behavior strongly depends on model *** and adaption of process models are usually based on available plant *** such a model in various simulation and optimization studies can support the process designer in his *** steady state models there is also a growing demand for dynamic models either to adapt faster to changing conditions or to reflect batch *** this contribution challenges of extending an existing decision support framework for steady state models to dynamic models will be discussed and the resulting opportunities will be demonstrated for distillation and reactor examples.

关键词： decision support multicriteria optimization model validation dynamic model sensitivity analysis

Influence of vascular endothelial growth factor and radiation on gap junctional intercellular communication in glioblastoma multiforme cell lines

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第11期12卷 1816-1822页

作者： Reinhardt Krcek Pauline Latzer Irenaus Anton Adamietz Helmut Biihler Carsten Theiss Institute of Anatomy Department of CytologyRuhr-University BochumBochumNorth Rhine-WestphaliaGermany Department of Radiotherapy and Radio-Oncology University Medical Centre MarienhospitalRuhr-University BochumHerneNorth Rhine-WestphaliaGermany Institute for Molecular Oncology Radio-Biology and Experimental RadiotherapyUniversity Medical Centre MarienhospitalRuhr-University BochumHerneNorth Rhine-WestphaliaGermany

Glioblastoma multiforme （GBM） is a highly aggressive glial brain tumor with an unfavorable prognosis despite all current therapies including surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. One characteristic of this tumor is a strong synthesis of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）, an angiogenesis factor, followed by pronounced vascularization. VEGF became a target in the treatment of GBM, for example with bevacizumab or the tyrosine kinase inhibitor axitinib, which blocks VEGF receptors. To improve patients＇ prognosis, new targets in the treatment of GBM are under investigations. The role of gap junctions in GBM remains un- known, but some experimental therapies affect these intercellular channels to treat the tumor. Gap junctions are composed of connexins to allow the transport of small molecules between adjacent cells through gap junc- tional intercellular communication （GJIC）. Based on data derived from astrocytes in former studies, which show that VEGF is able to enhance GJIC, the current study analyzed the effects of VEGF, radiation therapy and VEGF receptor blockade by axitinib on GJIC in human GBM cell lines U-87 and U-251. While VEGF is able to induce GJIC in U-251 cells but not in U-87 cells, radiation enhances GJIC in both cell lines. VEGF reocptor blockade by axitinib diminishes radiation induced effects in U-251 partially, while increases GJIC in U-87 cells. Our data indicate that VEGF and radiation are both modifying components of GJ1C in pathologic brain tumor tissue.

关键词： cell communication vascular endothelial growth factor irradiation vascular endothelial growth factor-receptor blockade glioma neurobiotin connexin cell culture immunohistochemistry microinjection

Promoting axonal regeneration following nerve surgery： a perspective on ultrasound treatment for nerve injuries

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第9期13卷 1530-1533页

作者： Konstantin D. Bergmeister Simeon C. Daeschler Patrick Rhodius Philipp Schoenle Arne Bocker Ulrich Kneser Leila Harhaus Department of Hand Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Burn Center Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery University of Heidelberg BG Trauma Hospital Ludwigshafen Ludwigshafen Germany

Nerve injury is often associated with limited axonal regeneration and thus leads to delayed or incomplete axonal *** a consequence of slow nerve regeneration,target muscle function is often insufficient and leads to a lifelong ***,the diagnosis of nerve injuries has been improved and likewise surgical reconstruction has undergone significant ***,the problem of slow nerve regeneration has not been *** a recent meta-analysis,we have shown that the application of low-intensity ultrasound promotes nerve regeneration experimentally and thereby can improve functional *** we want to demonstrate the experimental effect of low intensity ultrasound on nerve regeneration,the current state of investigations and its possible future clinical applications.

关键词： peripheral nerve injuries nerve regeneration reinnervation experimental studies low-intensityultrasound adjunct treatment nerve reconstruction nerve surgery axonal injury

State of the art in enzymatic debridement

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2018年第8期5卷 30-36页

作者： Benjamin Ziegler Gabriel Hundeshagen Tomke Cordts Ulrich Kneser Christoph Hirche Department of Hand Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryMicrosurgery-Burn CenterBG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen/RhineHand and Plastic SurgeryUniversity HeidelbergLudwigshafen D-67071Germany

Surgical treatment of deep partial thickness to full thickness burn wounds by knife has been the undisputed standard of care and was one key point in surgical burn medicine for decades. Recently, it gets more and more challenged by Bromelain-based enzymatic burn wound debridement (ED) as technique for non-surgical, selective eschar removal. Although the literature on ED is increasing constantly it cannot comprise the rapid progress that is made in clinical application of ED. To outline the current state of art in ED, recent literature as well as clinical experience is summarized and the main steps in clinical application including indications, wound preparation, application of the enzyme, wound bed assessment and further treatment after ED are discussed. Initial indications and limitations in application of ED could be gradually extended to increase versatility of ED as tool in burn surgery. Several randomized controlled trials compared ED to standard of care (SOC). They could show significant shorter time to complete burn wound debridement and wound closure, reduced need for surgery, reduced blood loss, reduced area of burns that needed surgical excision and need for autograft as well as an improved scar quality. Further research is necessary to justify an extensive use of ED as tool for burn eschar removal. Especially a robust comparison to surgical burn wound excision by knife as SOC is required to facilitate evidence-based burn surgery.

关键词： State of the art enzymatic debridement Nexobrid eschar removal burns

Role of Hox genes in stem cell differentiation

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2015年第3期7卷 583-595页

作者： Anne Seifert David F Werheid Silvana M Knapp Edda Tobiasch Department of Applied Sciences Bonn-Rhine-Sieg University of Applied Sciences

Hox genes are an evolutionary highly conserved gene family. They determine the anterior-posterior body axis in bilateral organisms and influence the developmental fate of cells. Embryonic stem cells are usually devoidof any Hox gene expression, but these transcription factors are activated in varying spatial and temporal patterns defining the development of various body regions. In the adult body, Hox genes are among others responsible for driving the differentiation of tissue stem cells towards their respective lineages in order to repair and maintain the correct function of tissues and organs. Due to their involvement in the embryonic and adult body, they have been suggested to be useable for improving stem cell differentiations in vitro and in vivo. In many studies Hox genes have been found as driving factors in stem cell differentiation towards adipogenesis, in lineages involved in bone and joint formation, mainly chondrogenesis and osteogenesis, in cardiovascular lineages including endothelial and smooth muscle cell differentiations, and in neurogenesis. As life expectancy is rising, the demand for tissue reconstruction continues to increase. Stem cells have become an increasingly popular choice for creating therapies in regenerative medicine due to their self-renewal and differentiation potential. Especially mesenchymal stem cells are used more and more frequently due to their easy handling and accessibility, combined with a low tumorgenicity and little ethical concerns. This review therefore intends to summarize to date known correlations between natural Hox gene expression patterns in body tissues and during the differentiation of various stem cells towards their respective lineages with a major focus on mesenchymal stem cell differentiations. This overview shall help to understand the complex interactions of Hox genes and differentiation processes all over the body as well as in vitro for further improvement of stem cell treatments in future regenerative me

关键词： Genes Homeobox Stem cells Asymmetriccell division Mesenchymal stromal cells Growth Development Regeneration Patterning Cell lineage

The advances of Sino-German new materials

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018年第3期12卷 327-328页

作者： Rongbiao Wang Kurita Europe GmbH Giulinistr. 2 67065 Ludwigshafen Germany

Sino-German chemical industries and research organizations have been achieving impressive progresses in the field of new materials in the recent years. These progresses are not only owing to the innovation ability, bu... 详细信息

关键词： valign= top class= J_zhaiyao

POLYMERS BEYOND THE YEAR 2000

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2000年第3期18卷 207-208页

作者： Ingolf Buethe BASF Aktiengesellschaft Research Engineering Plastics Ludwigshafen Germany

At the turn of the century, the global polymer industry is undergoing the most rapid and dramatic changes in itshistory. Emerging markets, particularly in Asia, and their polymer consumption are catching up with other parts of the world,creating new business opportunities. Economy of scale, combined with optimized logistic concepts, is becoming a keyeconomic success factor, thus forcing smaller suppliers out of business and creating a major hurdle for newcomers and theintroduction of new products. Globalization of polymer customers and cost pressure lead to a consolidation of suppliers andproducts. Today standard thermoplastics have a dominant position in the market and they will retain this position in *** thermoplastics are facing growing competition due to the increased efficiency of standard polymers. This leadsto a displacement process where standard polymers substitute engineering thermoplastics. Simultaneously engineeringpolymers are pushing into new markets or applications or displacing materials like glass, wood or metal. The recent historyand future trends have a strong impact on R&D activity in the polymer industry. Competition on a global scale andincreasing cost pressure are turning innovation into an essential precondition of commercial success, thus determining theobjectives of industrial polymer research and development.

关键词： Polymer research Thermoplastics Globalization World-scale capacity

Segregation of particulate solids: Experiments and DEM simulations

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Particuology 2014年第1期12卷 25-32页

作者： M.Combarros H.J.Feise H.Zetzener A.Kwade Institut für Partikeltechnik TU BraunschweigBraunschweig Germany BASF SE Ludwigshafen Germany

Segregation of granular materials is a complex phenomenon, difficult to measure quantitatively and to predict. Discrete element method （DEM） can be a useful tool to predict segregation effects and to support the industrial design. In this context, a very challenging idea is the characterization of the granular solids to provide the key parameters needed for a successful DEM simulation of segregation processes. Rolling friction, sliding friction and the coefficient of restitution are the critical parameters to be studied. These microscopic simulation parameters are calibrated by comparing the macroscopic behavior of granular matter in standard bulk experiments, which have the advantage of being highly repeatable and reliable. An experimental method is presented to characterize free surface segregation. The effects of different particle properties, particularly, shape and size, on segregation of cohesionless materials were investi- gated. From the experiments, particle size demonstrated a stronger effect on segregation than particle shape. Finally, the corresponding DEM simulations of the segregation experiments were presented. The parameters obtained by calibration were validated by the comparison of the modeled segregation behav- ior with the experimental results. Thus, calibrated DEM simulations are capable of predicting segregation effects.

关键词： Bulk solidsParticle shapeSegregationDEMDiscrete element methodSilo

CHARACTERIZATION OF NANOSTRUCTURES:TOOLS AND CHALLENGES

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2009年第1期27卷 77-83页

作者： G.Cox W.Wohlleben W.Schrepp Polymer Physics Dept. BASF SE67056 LudwigshafenGermany

Apart from long-known and applied nanostructures like carbon black for tyres or pigments for coatings nanotechnology has created highly sophisticated structures used for nano/molecular electronics,diagnostics,drug delivery, UV-absorbers *** the main question to be solved analytically is the local determination of tiny amounts of chemicals resulting in an ever increasing need for highly sensitive as well as locally resolved *** of techniques like mass spectroscopy,transmission elect...

关键词： Analytical ultracentrifugation Fuel cells Inorganic particles Nanostructures Surface energy