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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第8期17卷 1447-1452页

作者： Lukas Feldhaus Andreas Ohlmann Stefan Kassumeh Siegfried Priglinger Wolfgang Mayer Department of Ophthalmology University HospitalLudwig-Maximilians-University MunichMunich 80336Germany

AIM:to investigate a novel phacoemulsification system“EVA NEXUS”(D.O.R.C.,Dutch Opthalmic Research Center)in comparison to the existing system“EVA”in clinical *** to compare both phacoemulsification systems in terms of efficiency,safety and postoperative inflammatory ***:In this study standardized cataract surgery was performed on both eyes of the study participant,using the“EVA system”(control group,n=20)on one eye and the“EVA NEXUS system”(intervention group,n=20)on the other *** patients with cataract LOCS Grading 1-3 and no accompanying eye diseases were included in this study.A total of 20 patients were included in this study,with each treatment arm including 20 *** surgery a 0.1 mL aqueous humor sample was collected 1min after phacoemulsification to measure the total prostaglanin E2 concentrations using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent *** endothelial cell count,visual and refractive outcomes,and anterior chamber flare were evaluated preoperatively,and 1d,1wk,and 3mo ***:there were no statistically significant differences between both groups regarding intraoperative safety parameters including effective phacoemulsification time(P=0.904),balanced saline solution flow(P=0.701)and total surgery time(P=0.565).Postoperative prostaglandin E2 levels,anterior chamber flare as well as endothelial cell loss tended to be lower in the NEXUS-Group,however not being statistically significant(P=0.718;0.164;0.486).Both systems provided similar clinical outcomes,regarding best corrected visual acuity and refractive parameters,showing no statistically significant differences between both ***:Both systems show a high level of safety and efficency with similar results in terms of safety parameters including postoperative inflammatory activity and endothelial cell loss as well as visual and refractive *** statistically not significant,the EVA NEXUS system tends to cause less postoperative inflammatio

关键词： cataract surgery phacoemulsification fluidics instrument

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AP4 induces JNK1 and a miR-22-3p/FOSL1 feed-forward loop to activate AP-1 and promote colorectal cancer metastasis

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Cancer Communications 2024年第3期44卷 433-437页

作者： Jinjiang Chou Markus Kaller Matjaz Rokavec Fangteng Liu Heiko Hermeking Experimental and Molecular Pathology Institute of PathologyMedical FacultyLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenMunichGermany German Cancer Consortium(DKtK) Partner siteMunichGermany German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ) HeidelbergGermany

Dear Editor,Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most deadly can-cer worldwide[1].the mortality of CRC has remained high due to limited treatment options for metastatic CRC(mCRC)[2].Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMt)is an important contributor to mCRC[2].the c-MYC proto-oncogene(MYC)-induced transcription factor AP4(tFAP4/AP4)isadriverofEMt,therebypresumablyfacil-itates mCRC[3,4].the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)/c-JunN-terminalkinase(JNK)/activatorprotein-1(AP-1)pathway has been implicated in the regulation of EMt and mCRC[5].

关键词： JNK1 metastasis EMt

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Long-COVID-19: the persisting imprint of SARS-CoV-2 infections on the innate immune system

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Signal transduction and targeted therapy 2024年第1期9卷 12-13页

作者： Marianne Boes Pascal Falter-Braun Center for translational Immunology and Department of Pediatric Immunology University Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands Institute of Network Biology(INEt) Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center(MTTC)Helmholtz MunichNeuherbergGermany Microbe-Host Interactions Faculty of BiologyLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenPlanegg-MartinsriedGermany

In a recent Cell publication,Cheong et *** how COVID-19 causes IL-6 induced epigenetic reprogramming of human immune stem cells,which causes lasting alterations in the composition and response characteristics of circulating immune cells.1 the study provides important insights into the mechanisms by which SARSCoV-2 infections impact the human immune system and is an important hook into unraveling the mechanisms of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19(PASC)commonly referred to as longCOVID.

关键词： system COV programming

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Skeletal microstructures of cheilostome bryozoans(phylum Bryozoa,class Gymnolaemata):crystallography and secretion patterns

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Marine Life Science & technology 2024年第3期6卷 405-424页

作者： Christian Grenier Erika Griesshaber Wolfgang Schmahl Björn Berning Antonio G.Checa Departamento de Estratigrafía y Paleontología Universidad de Granada18071 GranadaSpain Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de La tierra CSIC-Universidad de Granada18100 ArmillaSpain Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Ludwig-Maximilians Universität80333 MunichGermany Institute for Geology University of Hamburg20146 HamburgGermany

Gymnolaemata bryozoans produce CaCO3 skeletons of either calcite,aragonite,or *** extensive research,their crystallography and biomineralization patterns remain *** present a detailed study of the microstructures,min-eralogy,and crystallography of eight extant cheilostome species using scanning electron microscopy,electron backscatter diffraction,atomic force microscopy,and micro-computed *** distinguished five basic microstructures,three calcitic(tabular,irregularly platy,and granular),and two aragonitic(granular-platy and fibrous).the calcitic microstruc-tures consist of crystal aggregates that transition from tabular or irregularly platy to granular *** aragonite consists of fibers arranged into *** all cases,the crystallographic textures are axial,and stronger in aragonite than in calcite,with the c-axis as the fiber *** reconstruct the biomineralization sequence in the different species by considering the distribution and morphology of the growth fronts of crystals and the location of the secretory *** bimineralic species,calcite formation always predates aragonite *** interior compound walls,growth proceeds from the cuticle toward the zooecium *** conclude that,with the exception of tabular calcite,biomineralization is remote and occurs within a relatively wide extrapallial space,which is consistent with the inorganic-like appearance of the *** biomineralization mode is rare among invertebrates.

关键词： Biomineralization Bryozoan Skeleton Calcite Aragonite Electron backscatter diffraction

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translocator protein and neurodegeneration: insights from Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1090-1091页

作者： Arpit Kumar Pradhan Rainer Rupprecht Gerhard Rammes Klinik für Anaesthesiologie und Intensivmedizin der technischen universität München Klinikum rechts der IsarMunichGermany Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenMartinsriedGermany Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University RegensburgRegensburgGermany

the 18 kDa translocator protein(tSPO)located on the outer mitochondrial membrane regulates several key cellular processes including mitochondrial homeostasis,cholesterol transport,apoptosis,cell proliferation,and maintenance of mitochondrial health(Rupprecht et al.,2022,2023).tSPO is expressed in both peripheral organs and the central nervous system,with a more pronounced expression in tissues that produce *** main reason why tSPO has garnered so much attention is because it plays a key role in neurosteroidogenesis by transferring cholesterol from the outer to the inner mitochondrial membrane,which is the rate-limiting step in neurosteroid synthesis.A cholesterol-recognizing amino acid consensus domain has been identified in the cytosolic C terminus of the tSPO protein by both in vitro and site-directed mutagenesis experiments(Li et al.,2001).However,the role of tSPO in the process of neurosteroid synthesis has been challenged by several studies,particularly tSPO knockout models,which suggest that tSPO removal does not affect the phenotype or the system’s viability(tu et al.,2014).However,ligands targeting tSPO have been shown to enhance levels of neurosteroids which suggests that neurosteroidogenesis is one of the major functional roles mediated by the tSPO protein.

关键词： cholesterol organs

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Freeze-thaw cycles and associated geomorphology in a post-glacial environment:current glacial,paraglacial,periglacial and proglacial scenarios at Pico de Orizaba volcano,Mexico

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第6期21卷 1954-1977页

作者： Víctor SOtO Carlos M.WELSH R. Kenji YOSHIKAWA Hugo DELGADO GRANADOS Centro de Ciencias de la tierra Universidad VeracruzanaCircuito Gonzalo Aguirre BeltránS/NZona Universitaria91090XalapaMéxico Water and Environmental Research Center University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksAlaska 99775USA Instituto de Geofísica Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de México 04150México Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Ludwig Maximilians UniversitätMunich 80333Germany

the glacial history of Pico de Orizaba indicates that during the Last Glacial Maximum,its icecap covered up to~3000 m asl;due to the air temperature increasing,its main glacier has retreated to 5050 m *** retraction of the glacier has left behind an intense climatic instability that causes a high frequency of freeze-thaw cycles of great intensity;the resulting geomorphological processes are represented by the fragmentation of the bedrock that occupies the upper parts of the *** is a notable lack of studies regarding the fragmentation and erosion occurring in tropical high mountains,and the associated geomorphological risks;for this reason,as a first stage of future continuous research,this study analyzes the freezing and thawing cycles that occur above 4000 m asl,through continuous monitoring of surface ground *** results allow us to identify and characterize four zones:glacial,paraglacial,periglacial and *** was found that the paraglacial zone presents an intense drop of temperature,of up to~9℃ in only sixty *** rock fatigue and intense freeze-thaw cycles that occur in this area are responsible for the high rate of rock disintegration and represent the main factor of the constant slope dynamics that occur at the *** activity decreases,both in frequency and intensity,according to the distance to the glacier,which is where the temperature presents a certain degree of stability,until reaching the proglacial zone,where cycles are almost non-existent,and therefore there is no gelifraction *** geomorphological processes have resulted in significant alterations to the mountain slopes,which can have severe consequences in terms of risk and water.

关键词： Freeze-thaw Gelifraction Mountain mechanical erosion Periglacial geomorphology Postglacial scenarios

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Snapshot imaging of ultrashort electron bunches

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第7期13卷 1226-1228页

作者： Andreas Döpp ludwig-Maximilian-universität München Am Coulombwall 185748GarchingGermany Max Planck Institut für Quantenoptik Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1Garching85748Germany

New measurements combine spatial and temporal information from optical transition radiation to estimate the three-dimensional structure of electron bunches from a laser wakefield accelerator.

关键词： ultrashort Snapshot electron

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themechanism of resistance to CDK4/6 inhibition and novel combination therapy with RNR inhibition for chemo-resistant bladder cancer

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Cancer Communications 2024年第6期44卷 700-704页

作者： Zhichao tong Yubo Zhao Shiyu Bai Benedikt Ebner Lou Lienhard Yuling Zhao Ziqi Wang Qi Pan Pengyu Guo thilo Bracht Barbara Sitek Jürgen E.Gschwend Wanhai Xu Roman Nawroth Department of Urology Harbin Medical University Cancer HospitalHarbinHeilongjiangP.R.China NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Probe and targeted theranostics Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjiangP.R.China Department of Urology Klinikum rechts der IsarTechnical university of MunichMunichGermany Department of Urology The Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjiangP.R.China Department of Urology Ludwig-Maximilians-University of MunichMunichGermany Department of Urology Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiP.R.China Medizinisches Proteom-Center Ruhr-Universität BochumBochumGermany Clinic for Anesthesiology Intensive Care and Pain TherapyUniversity Medical Center Knappschaftskrankenhaus BochumBochumGermany

Bladder cancer(BCa)is the most prevalent urological cancer worldwide[1].A significant proportion of BCa(89%)exhibits molecular alterations in the cell cycle pathway,and targeting cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6(CDK4/6)is deemed as a promising therapeutic strategy[2].Selective inhibitors of CDK4/6(CDK4/6is)have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration(FDA)[3].

关键词： bladder CDK4 alterations

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S-,P-stabilized bromoallenes for modular allenylborylation of alkenes

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第1期67卷 360-367页

作者： Jixin Wang Donghao Luo Ying Hu Zhili Duan Jianlin Yao Konstantin Karaghiosoff Jie Li Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province Suzhou Key Laboratory of Pathogen Bioscience and Anti-infective MedicineCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China Department Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat MunchenButenandtstr.5-13Haus F81377 MunichGermany State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical TransformationsCollege of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

Simultaneously forming a carbon-carbon and a carbon-heteroatom bond in a single step through transition metal-catalyzed alkene difunctionalization strategy has emerged as a powerful tool for synthetic organic *** to the uncontrollable reactivity,direct cross-coupling with bromoallenes as the building blocks for the selective allenation and borylation remains *** herein report a new type of S-and P-stabilized bromoallenes for palladium-catalyzed modular allenation and borylation of alkenes to the divergent synthesis of multiply functionalized allenes in a highly regio-and diastereoselective *** reaction features broad substrate scope and wide functional group compatibility,thus providing a straightforward method to install allenyl and boryl groups across *** experiments highlight the crucial importance of S-,P-stabilization for the oxidative insertion of Pd-species into the allenyl-Br *** facile syntheses of bioactive allenic steroids and exocyclic allenes demonstrate the synthetic utility of this protocol.

关键词： alkene difunctionalization olefins bromoallenes allenylborylation palladium

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the acceleration of a high-charge electron bunch to 10 GeV in a 10-cm nanoparticle-assisted wakefield accelerator

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第1期9卷 15-24页

作者： Constantin Aniculaesei thanh Ha Samuel Yoffe Lance Labun Stephen Milton Edward McCary Michael M.Spinks Hernan J.Quevedo Ou Z.Labun Ritwik Sain Andrea Hannasch Rafal Zgadzaj Isabella Pagano Jose A.Franco-Altamirano Martin L.Ringuette Erhart Gaul Scott V.Luedtke Ganesh tiwari Bernhard Ersfeld Enrico Brunetti Hartmut Ruhl todd Ditmire Sandra Bruce Michael E.Donovan Michael C.Downer Dino A.Jaroszynski Bjorn Manuel Hegelich university of texas at Austin AustinTexas 78712USA SUPA Department of Physics University of StrathclydeGlasgowScotland G4 ONGUnited Kingdom tau Systems Inc.AustinTexas 78701USA Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCalifornia 94550USA Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNew Mexico 87545USA Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNew York 11973USA ludwig-maximilians-universität MunichGermany

An intense laser pulse focused onto a plasma can excite nonlinear plasma *** appropriate conditions,electrons from the background plasma are trapped in the plasma wave and accelerated to ultra-relativistic *** scheme is called a laser wakefield *** this work,we present results from a laser wakefield acceleration experiment using a petawatt-class laser to excite the wakefields as well as nanoparticles to assist the injection of electrons into the accelerating phase of the *** find that a 10-cm-long,nanoparticle-assisted laser wakefield accelerator can generate 340 pC,10±1.86 GeV electron bunches with a 3.4 GeV rms convolved energy spread and a 0.9 mrad rms *** can also produce bunches with lower energies in the 4–6 GeV range.

关键词： acceleration nanoparticle charge

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