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Collaboration in the War against Viruses:A Multidisciplinary International Effort

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The Innovation 2020年第1期1卷 40-43页

作者： Ian H.Frazer School of Medicine The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia

As I write this article,we are experiencing two epidemics:a global epidemic of disease(COVID-19)caused by a novel coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2),and an epidemic of panic caused by the uncertainty about the disease and its consequences.A solution to both of these epidemics is,of course,knowledge derived through ***,efforts are now focused on understanding the natural history of the COVID-19 infection and on development of interventions,including vaccines to prevent infection and treatments for the disease.

关键词： infection epidemic consequences

Chronic constipation in hemiplegic patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第29期13卷 3967-3972页

作者： F Bracci D Badiali P Pezzotti G Scivoletto U Fuoco L Di Lucente A Petrelli E Corazziari Department of Clinical Sciences La Sapienza University Rome Italy ISS Ministry of Health Rome Italy IRCCS Foundation Santa lucia Rome Italy

AIM: To assess the prevalence of bowel dysfunction in hemiplegic patients, and its relationship with the site of neurological lesion, physical immobilization and pharmacotherapy. METHODS: Ninety consecutive hemiplegic patients and 81 consecutive orthopedic patients were investigated during physical motor rehabilitation in the same period, in the same center and on the same diet. All subjects were interviewed ≥ 3 mo after injury using a questionnaire inquiring about bowel habits before injury and at the time of the interview. Patients’ mobility was evaluated by the Adapted Patient Evaluation Conference System. Drugs considered for the analysis were nitrates, angiogenic converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, calcium antagonists, anticoagulants, antithrombotics, antidepressants, anti-epileptics. RESULTS: Mobility scores were similar in the two groups. De novo constipation (OR = 5.36) was a frequent outcome of the neurological accident. Hemiplegics showed an increased risk of straining at stool (OR: 4.33), reduced call to evacuate (OR: 4.13), sensation of incomplete evacuation (OR: 3.69), use of laxatives (OR: 3.75). Logistic regression model showed that constipation was significantly and independently associated with hemiplegia. A positive association was found between constipation and use of nitrates and antithrombotics in both groups. Constipation was not related to the site of brain injury. CONCLUSION: Chronic constipation is a possible outcome of cerebrovascular accidents occurring in 30% of neurologically stabilized hemiplegic patients. Its onset after a cerebrovascular accident appears to be independent from the injured brain hemisphere, and unrelated to physical inactivity. Pharmacological treatment with nitrates and antithrombotics may represent an independent risk factor for developing chronic constipation.

关键词： Constipation Disphagia Stroke Pharmacotherapy

Mineral phase and structure changes during roasting of fine-grained carbonaceous gold ores and their effects on gold leaching efficiency

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第5期27卷 1184-1190页

作者： Jianping Jin Yuexin Han Hui Li Yangyang Huai Yongjun Peng Xiaotian Gu Wei Yang School of Resources & Civil Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Xi'an Northwest Geological Institute Company of Nonferrous Metals Co. Ltd.Xi'an 710054China College of Material and Resource Xi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi'an 710055China School of Chemical Engineering The University of QueenslandSt. LuciaBrisbane 4072Australia

While roasting has been widely applied to reduce the negative effect of carbonaceous matters on gold extraction from fine-grained carbonaceous gold ores, the phase and structure changes of minerals during roasting and their in fluences on the leachi ng rate of gold have not been fully understood. This limits the extraction of carbonaceous gold deposits. The current work examines the oxidation process of a fine-grained carbonaceous gold ore during roasting using a range of techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), seanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS) analysis and pore structure analysis together with gold leaching tests. The results show that during the process of oxidative roasting, the carbonaceous matters (organic carbon and graphitic carbon) and pyrite were completely decomposed at 600 ℃ with the carbonaceous components burned and pyrite oxidized into hematite. At 650 ℃, while dolomite was decomposed into calcia, magnesia, calcium sulfate etc., the calcine structure became loose and porous, leading to a high gold leaching rate from the roasted product. Above 750 ℃, the porous calcite structure started to collapse along with the agglomeration, leading to the secondary encapsulation of gold particles, which contributed to the sharp drop in the gold leaching rate of the roasted product. This study suggests optimum phase and structure changes of minerals during roasting to achieve maximum gold extraction from fine-grained carbonaceous gold deposits.

关键词： Carbonaceous gold ore Roasting Leaching X-ray diffraction (XRD) Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)

Nilotinib:from animal-based studies to clinical investigation in Alzheimer's disease patients

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第4期18卷 803-804页

作者： Annalisa Nobili Marcello D’Amelio Maria Teresa Viscomi Department of Medicine and Surgery University Campus Bio-MedicoDepartment of Experimental NeuroscienceIRCCS Santa Lucia FoundationRomeItaly Department of Life Science and Public Health Section of Histology and Embryology UniversitàCattolica del Sacro CuoreFondazione Policlinico Universitario“A.Gemelli”IRCCSRomeItaly

Since their first description in the brains of patients suffering from Alzheimer ’s disease(AD), more than 100 years ago, extracellular amyloid-β(Aβ) plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles have been the principal focus of AD research. However, this focus has led to the failure of several long and promising clinical trials, and the efficacy of new Aβ-targeting drugs to slow down the disease progression is still controversial despite being successful in reducing the Aβ load.

关键词： Alzheimer Aβ drugs

Stabilising Cobalt Sulphide Nanocapsules with Nitrogen-Doped Carbon for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Storage

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Nano-Micro Letters 2020年第4期12卷 29-40页

作者： Yilan Wu Rohit RGaddam Chao Zhang Hao Lu Chao Wang Dmitri Golberg Xiu Song Zhao School of Chemical Engineering The University of QueenslandSt LuciaBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia School of Chemistry Physics and Mechanical EngineeringScience and Engineering FacultyQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLD 4001Australia Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment College of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao University308 Ningxia RoadQingdao 266071People’s Republic of China

Conversion-type anode materials with a high charge storage capability generally su er from large volume expansion, poor electron conductivity, and sluggish metal ion transport kinetics. The electrode material described in this paper, namely cobalt sulphide nanoparticles encapsulated in carbon cages(Co9S8@NC), can circumvent these problems. This electrode material exhibited a reversible sodium-ion storage capacity of 705 mAh g^-1 at 100 mA g^-1 with an extraordinary rate capability and good cycling stability. Mechanistic study using the in situ transmission electron microscope technique revealed that the volumetric expansion of the Co9S8 nanoparticles is bu ered by the carbon cages, enabling a stable electrode–electrolyte interface. In addition, the carbon shell with high-content doped nitrogen significantly enhances the electron conductivity of the Co9S8@NC electrode material and provides doping-induced active sites to accommodate sodium ions. By integrating the Co9S8@NC as negative electrode with a cellulose-derived porous hard carbon/graphene oxide composite as positive electrode and 1 M NaPF6 in diglyme as the electrolyte, the sodium-ion capacitor full cell can achieve energy densities of 101.4 and 45.8 Wh kg^-1 at power densities of 200 and 10,000 W kg^-1, respectively.

关键词： Cobalt sulphide Nitrogen-doped carbon Core–shell structure Sodium-ion capacitors

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应用超临界温度氢吸附数据表征活性炭结构

离子交换与吸附 2010年第6期26卷 551-558页

作者：郑青榕 Do D.D. 陈武蔡振雄集美大学轮机工程学院 Department of Chemical Engineering University of Queensland St.Lucia

为准确研究氢在活性炭上的吸附平衡,本文对比分析了由氮和氢在活性炭上吸附数据确定的活性炭的孔径分布(PSD)。首先,应用容积法,在0～12.5MPa压力范围、3个温度(113.15K、193.15K、273.15K)下测定氢在K05活性炭上的吸附平衡数据,并由引... 详细信息

为准确研究氢在活性炭上的吸附平衡,本文对比分析了由氮和氢在活性炭上吸附数据确定的活性炭的孔径分布(PSD)。首先,应用容积法,在0～12.5MPa压力范围、3个温度(113.15K、193.15K、273.15K)下测定氢在K05活性炭上的吸附平衡数据,并由引入系统内氢的质量衡算确定吸附池内氢的总量。其次,以77K氮吸附数据确定的PSD为初值、以吸附池内氢的总量为基准,通过优化非局域密度泛函理论(NDFT)计算值确定活性炭的PSD,进而比较表征介质、温度及平衡压力对PSD的影响。研究表明,应用氢吸附数据表征孔宽小于0.8nm的超细微孔的微分容积较大;平衡压力较高时,由不同温度氢吸附数据确定的超细微孔的PSD相近;孔宽大于1.2nm时,不同温度氢吸附数据确定的PSD间有明显偏差。须应用超临界温度高压氢或氢在亚临界温度区域的吸附数据,同时结合77K氮吸附等温线来表征吸附剂在超细微孔和微孔范围的PSD。

关键词：氢气活性炭吸附孔径分布

RNA silencing in fungi

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Frontiers in Biology 2010年第6期5卷 478-494页

作者： Ulrike SCHUMANN Mick AYLIFFE Kemal KAZAN Ming-Bo WANG Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Plant Industry CanberraACT 2601Australia Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Plant Industry St.LuciaQLD 4067Australia

RNA silencing is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism in eukaryotic organisms induced by double-stranded RNA(dsRNA)and plays an essential role in regulating gene expression and maintaining genome *** silencing occurs at both posttranscriptional levels through sequence-speciﬁc RNA degradation or translational repression and at transcriptional levels through RNA-directed DNA methylation and/or hetero-chromatin *** silencing pathways have been relatively well characterized in plants and animals,and are now also being widely investigated in diverse fungi,some of which are important plant *** review focuses primarily on the current understanding of the dsRNA-mediated posttranscriptional gene silencing pro-cesses in fungi,but also discusses brieﬂy the known gene silencing pathways that appear to be independent of the RNA silencing *** review RNA silencing studies for a variety of fungi and highlight some of the mechanistic differences observed in different fungal *** RNA silencing is being exploited as a technology in gene function studies in fungi as well as in engineering anti-fungal resistance in plants and animals,we also discuss the recent progress towards understanding dsRNA uptake in fungi.

关键词： RNA silencing gene silencing heterochro-matin formation fungi small interfering RNA micro-RNA

Mineralogical characteristics,metallurgical properties and phase structure evolution of Ca-rich hematite sintering

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2023年第2期30卷 303-313页

作者： Lele Niu Zhengjian Liu Jianliang Zhang Dawei Lan Sida Li Zhen Li Yaozu Wang School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Chemical Engineering The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia Artificial Intelligence Research Institute University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Qinhuangdao Qinye Heavy Industry Group Co. Ltd.Qinhuangdao 066000China

In order to study the sintering characteristics of Ca-rich iron ore,chemical analysis,laser diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,XRD-Rietveld method,and micro-sintering were used to analyze the mineralogical properties and sintering pot tests were used to study the sintering *** addition,a grey correlation mathematical model was used to calculate and compare the comprehensive sintering performance under different calcium-rich iron ore *** results demonstrate that the Ca-rich iron ore has coarse grain size and strong self-fusing characteristics with Ca element in the form of calcite(CaCO_(3)) and the liquid phase produced by the self-fusing of the calcium-rich iron ore is well *** application with a 20wt%content in sintering improves sinter productivity,reduces fuel consumption,enhances reduction index,and improves gas permeability in blast furnace by 0.45 t/(m^(2)·h),6.11 kg/t,6.17%,and 65.39 kPa·℃,*** Ca-rich iron ore sintering can improve the calorific value of sintering flue gas compared with magnetite sintering,which is conducive to recovering heat for secondary *** the content of the Ca-rich iron ore increases,sinter agglomeration shifts from localized liquid-phase bonding to a combination of localized liquid-phase bonding and iron oxide crystal *** on an examination of the greater weight value of productivity with grey correlation analysis,the Ca-rich iron ore is beneficial for the comprehensive index of sintering in the range of 0-20wt%***,it may be used in sintering with magnetite concentrates as the major ore species.

关键词： calcium-rich iron ore mineralogical properties phase structure evolution flue gas heat grey relation analysis

Microstructure refinement in biodegradable Zn-Cu-Ca alloy for enhanced mechanical properties,degradation homogeneity,and strength retention in simulated physiological condition

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第30期125卷 1-14页

作者： Nan Yang Nagasivamuni Balasubramani Jeffrey Venezuela Helle Bielefeldt-Ohmann Rachel Allavena Sharifah Almathami Matthew Dargusch Queensland Centre for Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing(AMPAM)School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering The University of QueenslandAdvanced Engineering BuildingBld 49Staff House Rd.St LuciaQLD 4072Australia School of Veterinary Science The University of QueenslandGattonQLD 4343Australia School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of QueenslandQLD 4072Australia

Zn-1.0Cu-0.5Ca(TA15)alloy has shown promising characteristics of enhanced mechanical properties and biodegradability for absorbable cardiovascular stents,endovascular devices,and wound closure devices *** this study,the TA15 alloy for bioabsorbable biomedical applications is *** the conventionally cast TA15(TA15-C)alloy,CaZn_(13) phase are present as a large dendritic network with an average size of 73.25±112.84μm,Hot rolling of the TA15-C alloy has broken the long and dendritic network of the CaZn_(13) phases,however,the refined phases are observed as segregations and the distribution is *** segregated CaZn_(13) suffered heavy localised corrosion which lead to poor mechanical properties in the as-fabricated condition and after *** treatment(UST)during casting is identified as an effective technique for the refinement and redistribution of CaZn_(13) particles in TA15 alloy,which successfully reduce the size of the CaZn_(13) phase to 10.91±4.65μm in the as-solidified *** hot rolling,the UST processed TA15(TA15-UST)shows improved mechanical properties due to grain refinement and the reduction in microstructural defects,*** broken CaZn_(13) *** of 8-week immersion corrosion tests showed that both alloys possess very similar corrosion ***,TA15-UST has markedly improved corrosion homogeneity compared to TA15-N which favours the retention of mechanical properties even after prolonged exposure to physiological fluids.

关键词： Biodegradable Zn alloy Peritectic phase refinement In vitro corrosion Mechanical property retention Cytocompatibility