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Effects of seed mixture sowing with transgenic Bt rice and its parental line on the population dynamics of target stemborers and leafrollers, and non-target planthoppers

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Insect Science 2019年第4期26卷 777-794页

作者： Zhuo Li Li-Kun Li Bin Liu Long Wang Megha N. Parajulee Fa-Jun Chen Department of Entomology Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China Texas A&M University Agri Life Research and Extension Center Lubbock Texas USA

The widespread planting of insect-resistant crops has caused a dramatic shift in agricultural landscapes, thus raising concerns about the potential impacts on both target and non-target pests. In this study, we examined the potential effects of intra-specific seed mixture sowing with transgenic Bt rice (Bt) and its parental non-transgenic line (Nt)(100% Bt rice [Bt100], 5% Nt+95% Bt [Nt05Bt95], 10% Nt+90% Bt [Nt|0Bt90], 20% Nt+80% Bt [Nt2oBtso], 40% Nt+60% Bt [Nt4oBt6O] and 100% Nt rice [Ntjoo]) on target and non-target pests in a 2-year field trial in southern China. The occurrence of target pests, Sesamia inf evens. Chilo suppressalis and Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, decreased with the increased ratio of Bt rice, and the mixture ratios with more than 90% Bt rice (Btjoo and Nt()5Bt95) significantly increased the pest suppression efficiency, with the lowest occurrences of non-target planthoppers, Nilaparvata lugens and Sogatella jurcijera in Ntioo and NtosBtgs. Furthermore, there were no significant differences in 1000?grain dry weight and grain dry weight per 100 plants between Btjoo and NtosBtgs,Seed mixture sowing of Bt rice with <10%(especially 5%) of its parent line was sufficient to overcome potential compliance issues that exist with the use of block or structured refuge to provide most effective control of both target and non-target pests without compromising the grain yield. It is also expected that the strategy of seed mixture sowing with transgenic Bt rice and the nontransgenic parental line would provide rice yield stability while decreasing the insecticide use frequency in rice production.

关键词： cultivar diversity occurrence and damage seed mixture sowing target and non-target pests transgenic Bt rice yield

Glycemic control in tuberculosis: Lessons learned from Taiwan

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2019年第10期12卷 438-441页

作者： Min-Chih Wang Jorge Cervantes Paul L.Foster School of Medicine Texas Tech University Health Science Center LubbockTXUSA

The global epidemic of diabetes and tuberculosis poses challenges to the control of both *** with tuberculosis and diabetes experience worse clinical manifestations,increased risk of treatment failure,recurrence,and *** is also associated with risk for latent tuberculosis *** of hyperglycemia reduces the risk and improves the outcome of tuberculosis in diabetic *** epidemiological studies from Taiwan have provided new and important information on the benefits of metformin in *** addressing the issue of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis,a shortened anti-tuberculous therapeutic regime seems a feasible approach for better cure rates,with less loss-to-follow.

关键词： Diabetes Tuberculosis Taiwan

A Comparison between Evolutionary Metaheuristics and Mathematical Optimization to Solve the Wells Placement Problem

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2013年第4期3卷 30-36页

作者： Ghazi AlQahtani Ahmed Alzahabi Ernee Kozyreff Ismael R. de Jr. Farias Mohamed Soliman Texas Tech University Lubbock USA Texas Tech University Lubbock USA

The Wells Placement Problem (WPP) consists in choosing well locations within an oil reservoir grid to maximize the reservoir total oil production, subject to distance threshold between wells and number of wells cap constraints. A popular approach to WPP is Genetic Algorithms (GA). Alternatively, WPP has been approached in the literature through Mathematical Optimization. Here, we conduct a computational study of both methods and compare their solutions and performance. Our results indicate that, while GA can provide near-optimal solutions to instances of WPP, typically Mathematical Optimization provides better solutions within less computational time.

关键词： Wells Placement Genetic Algorithm Integer Programming

Asymptotic dynamics of a modified discrete Leslie-Gower competition system

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2017年第6期10卷 1-23页

作者： Yunshyong Chow Sophia R.-J. Jang Institute of Mathematics Academia Sinica Taipei 10617 Taiwan Department of Mathematics and StatisticsTexas Tech University Lubbock TX 79409-1042 USA

We propose a modified discrete-time Leslie-Gower competition system of two popula- tions to study competition outcomes. Depending on the magnitude of a particular model parameter that measures intraspecific competition between individuals within the same population, either one or both populations may be subject to Allee effects. The resulting system can have up to four coexisting steady states. Using the theory of planar compet- itive maps, it is shown that the model has only equilibrium dynamics. The competition outcomes then depend not only on the parameter regimes but may also depend on the initial population distributions.

关键词： Competition saddle points Allee effects.

Variations in burn perfusion over time as measured by portable ICG fluorescence: A case series

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Burns & Trauma 2014年第4期2卷 201-205页

作者： Sharmila Dissanaike Senan Abdul-Hamed John A.Griswold Department of Surgery Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTexasUSA

The early determination of healing potential in indeterminate thickness burns may be diffi cult to establish by visual inspection alone,even for experienced burn *** case series explores the use of indocyanine green(ICG)fl uorescence using portable bedside assessment as a potential tool for early determination of burn *** subjects with indeterminate thickness burns had daily perfusion assessment using ICG fl uorescence assessment using the SPY machine(SPY®,Lifecell Corp.,NJ,USA)in addition to standard burn *** fl uorescence was quantifi ed as a percentage of the perfusion of intact skin,and areas of hypoand hyper-perfusion were *** study was concluded when the burn surgeon,blinded to the ICG results,made a clinical determination of the need for skin grafting or *** perfusion in areas of diff ering depth of burn were compared over the entire study period to determine both the magnitude of diff erence,and the point in the time course of healing when these changes became *** cant diff erences in perfusion were noted between burned areas of varying *** diff erences were evident as early as the fi rst post-burn day,and persisted till the completion of the *** fl uorescence represents a potential adjunct in burn assessment in this fi rst longitudinal study of its use;however much more systematic research will be required to judge the feasibility of clinical implementation.

关键词： Burn depth assessment indocyanine green SPY

High-throughput phenotyping in cotton:a review

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Journal of Cotton Research 2019年第3期2卷 174-182页

作者： PABUAYON Irish Lorraine B SUN Yazhou GUO Wenxuan RITCHIE Glen L Department of Plant and Soil Science Texas Tech UnivPO Box 42122LubbockTX 7909USA Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center 1102 East FM 1294LubbockTX 79403USA

Recent technological advances in cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.) phenotyping have offered tools to improve the efficiency of data collection and ***-throughput phenotyping(HTP) is a non-destructive and rapid approach of monitoring and measuring multiple phenotypic traits related to the growth,yield,and adaptation to biotic or abiotic *** have conducted extensive experiments on HTP and developed techniques including spectral,fluorescence,thermal,and three-dimensional imaging to measure the morphological,physiological,and pathological resistance traits of *** addition,ground-based and aerial-based platforms were also developed to aid in the implementation of these HTP *** review paper highlights the techniques and recent developments for HTP in cotton,reviews the potential applications according to morphological and physiological traits of cotton,and compares the advantages and limitations of these HTP systems when used in cotton cropping ***,the use of HTP has generated many opportunities to accurately and efficiently measure and analyze diverse traits of ***,because of its relative novelty,HTP has some limitations that constrains the ability to take full advantage of what it can *** challenges need to be addressed to increase the accuracy and utility of HTP,which can be done by integrating analytical techniques for big data and continuous advances in imaging.

关键词： Cotton High-throughput phenotyping Remote sensing Sensors Spectral Fluorescence Thermal Platforms Aerial-based Ground-based

Crustal and Upper-Mantle Seismic Reflectors beneath the Three Gorges Reservoir Region

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Journal of Earth Science 2011年第2期22卷 205-213页

作者：邹志辉周华伟廖武林 Tomographic Earth System Imaging Center China University of Geosciences Department of Geosciences Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTX 79409USA Hubei Seismological Bureau

Seismic studies of the crustal structure beneath the Three Gorges Reservoir（TGR） region in Central China have been limited by the sparse and uneven distribution of seismic *** in-crease the station coverage,we made three deployments of a mobile seismologic array in the TGR re-gion during the three summers from 2008 to *** we present interpretations along a west-east profile through the central TGR region based on new seismic waveform data and a velocity model con-strained by regional earthquake *** strong mid-crustal reflection interfaces at depths around 10 and 20 km are seen under the *** shallow reflector defines the bottom of the Zigui（秭归） *** new waveform data show that the amplitude of the Moho reflection is quite weak,and beneath the Moho,there is a strong reflector around 54-km *** is likely that in the TGR region,the Moho is a gradient rather than a sharp *** speculate that the gradient Moho and the 54-km-deep re-flector in the upper mantle in the TGR region may be by-products of the Qinling（秦岭）-Dabie（大别） orogen.

关键词： Three Gorges Reservoir Moho seismic tomography crust study mantle reflector.

Cutaneous Cryptococcosis Arising in a Patient with Idiopathic Lung Disease: Related Illnesses or “Ticks and Fleas”

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2023年第10期12卷 418-424页

作者： Zoe Parker Cary Chisholm lubbock Christian University Lubbock USA Dermatopathology Laboratory Epiphany Dermatology Waco USA

Cryptococcus is a yeast typically found in bird feces such as pigeon droppings. Infection may occur through inhalation of spores or via direct inoculation into the skin. Typically there is a history of immunosuppression, but cases are also reported in immunocompetent hosts. Cryptococcus may manifest as pulmonary disease or primary cutaneous infection, but dissemination to a systemic illness is the most life-threatening concern. We present the case of a 71-year-old man with a four-year history of idiopathic lung disease, treated with oral prednisone and mycophenolate, presents with a new onset skin rash on the right wrist. He has a history of cleaning and clearing barns and sheds after a recent storm devastated the area. Birds and bats were present in these structures while he was working. Initial therapy failed, and subsequent biopsy showed the presence of Cryptococcus yeast. Further investigation yielded a positive, low titer Cryptococcus antigen screen but negative blood cultures. This case illustrates three valuable facets of patient care. Ideally, one diagnosis will explain all of the clinical presentation, but when that is not the case then multiple etiologies must be explored. Sometimes first-line therapy is ineffective, and the clinician should not be afraid to recognize that and change course. Importantly with skin lesions, failure to respond to treatment or worsening of the lesion in the face of topical and/or oral steroids should lead one to consider the possibility of infection, particularly in an immunosuppressed patient, and prompt biopsy is prudent.

关键词： Cryptococcosis Cryptococcus Dermatitis Chronic Lung Disease Skin Infection

Association of marital status with takotsubo syndrome(broken heart syndrome)among adults in the United States

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World Journal of Cardiology 2021年第8期13卷 340-347页

作者： Duke Appiah Rachel Farias Dena Helo Linda Appiah Olugbenga A Olokede Chike C Nwabuo Nandini Nair Department of Public Health Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTX 79430United States College of Education Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTX 79409United States Division of Cardiology Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21218United States School of Medicine Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTX 79430United States

BACKGROUND The pathophysiology of takotsubo syndrome(TTS)is not well understood,however,it is often precipitated by psychological or physical *** status is related to emotional stress,but its associations with TTS are *** To explored the potential association between marital status and *** We conducted a case-control study using data on patients aged≥40 years with marital status data in the National Hospital Discharge Survey(2006-2010).The International Classification of Diseases Ninth Revision codes were used to identify cases with TTS and other comorbid *** case was matched to 5 controls by age,sex,year of TTS diagnosis and bed size of *** sets of controls were selected:Acute myocardial infarction(AMI)controls and noncardiovascular disease(CVD)*** logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios(OR)and 95%confidence intervals(CI)for the association of marital status with *** The 59 patients with TTS who had information on marital status were matched to 295 controls with AMI and 295 non-CVD controls,resulting in a sample of 649 *** average age of cases was 69.7±11 years with 90%being women and 88%reporting White *** multivariable-adjusted models,compared to singles,patients who were married had lower odds of TTS(OR=0.86,95%CI:0.79–0.93)while those who were widowed(OR=1.14,95%CI:1.05–1.23)or divorced/separated(OR=1.32,95%CI:1.21–1.45)had elevated odds for TTS when compared to non-CVD *** results were observed when cases were compared to controls with *** In this study,being married was associated with lower odds for TTS while being divorced/separated or widowed was related to elevated odds for *** novel findings that underscore the potential importance of social factors like marital status in the development of TTS need confirmation in larger studies.

关键词： Stress-induced cardiomyopathy Takotsubo syndrome Marital status Epidemiology Case-control Marriage