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Current concepts on spinal arthrodesis in degenerative disorders of the lumbar spine

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2013年第1期1卷 4-12页

作者： Marios G Lykissas Alexander Aichmair Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Spine and Scoliosis Service Hospital for Special Surgery Weill Cornell Medical College New York NY 10021 United States

Back pain is a common chronic disorder that represents a large burden for the health care system. There is a broad spectrum of available treatment options for patients suffering from chronic lower back pain in the setting of degenerative disorders of the lumbar spine, including both conservative and operative approaches. Lumbar arthrodesis techniques can be divided into subcategories based on the part of the vertebral column that is addressed(anterior vs posterior). Furthermore, one has to differentiate between approaches aiming at a solid fusion in contrast to motion-sparing techniques with the proposed advantage of a reduced risk of developing adjacent disc disease. However, the field of application and long-term outcomes of these novel motion-preserving surgical techniques, including facet arthroplasty, nucleus replacement, and lumbar disc arthroplasty, need to be more precisely evaluated in long-term prospective studies. Innovative surgical treatment strategies involving minimally invasive techniques, such as lateral lumbar interbody fusion or transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion, as well as percutaneous implantation of transpedicular or trans-facet screws, have been established with the reported advantages of reduced tissue invasiveness, decreased collateral damage, reduced blood loss, and decreased risk of infection. The aim of this study was to review well-established procedures for lumbar spinal fusion with the main focus on current concepts on spinal arthrodesis and motion-sparing techniques in degenerative disorders of the lumbar spine.

关键词： Spinal arthrodesis Lumbar spine Motionsparing implants Intrebody fusion

Complement-mediated microvascular injury and thrombosis in the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19: A review

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2022年第4期12卷 53-67页

作者： Panagiota Gianni Mark Goldin Sam Ngu Stefanos Zafeiropoulos Georgios Geropoulos Dimitrios Giannis Department of Internal Medicine III HematologyOncologyPalliative MedicineRheumatology and Infectious DiseasesUniversity Hospital UlmUlm 89070Germany School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Northwell HealthNew YorkNY 11549United States Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research at Northwell Health Feinstein InstitutesNew YorkNY 11030United States Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine Northwell HealthNew YorkNY 11030United States Department of General Surgery University College London HospitalsLondon NW12BUUnited Kingdom North Shore/long island Jewish General Surgery Northwell HealthNew YorkNY 11021United States

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)causes acute microvascular thrombosis in both venous and arterial structures which is highly associated with increased *** mechanisms leading to thromboembolism are still under *** evidence suggests that excessive complement activation with severe amplification of the inflammatory response(cytokine storm)hastens disease progression and initiates complement-dependent cytotoxic tissue damage with resultant prothrombotic *** concept of thromboinflammation,involving overt inflammation and activation of the coagulation cascade causing thrombotic microangiopathy and end-organ damage,has emerged as one of the core components of COVID-19 *** complement system is a major mediator of the innate immune response and inflammation and thus an appealing treatment *** this review,we discuss the role of complement in the development of thrombotic microangiopathy and summarize the current data on complement inhibitors as COVID-19 therapeutics.

关键词： COVID-19 Complement Microvascular injury Thromboembolism Cytokine storm Thrombotic microangiopathy

Electroencephalographic Recordings in the Canine: Effects of Low Dose Medetomidine or Dexmedetomidine Followed by Atipamezole

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2014年第2期4卷 7-13页

作者： Laura C. Tepper Andy Shores Bay Street Animal hospital Staten Island NY USA Veterinary Specialty Center Starkville MS USA college of Veterinary Medicine Mississippi State University Mississippi State MS USA

Objectives: 1) To describe electroencephalogram (EEG) appearance in the awake dog and compare these results with EEG recordings after low dose medetomidine (2 μg/kg IV) followed by atipamezole (10 μg/kg, IM);2) To institute EEG recordings after low dose medetomidine or dexmedetomidine as a standard of practice if focal abnormalities and amplitudes were not significantly altered by pharmaceuticals in Phase 1 of this study. Methods: Electroencephalograms were performed on eight clinical canine patients with suspected intracranial disease involving the prosencephalon. A five lead montage was used to record the EEGs. Each dog had an awake, baseline recording followed by an EEG performed after administration of low dose medetomidine (2 μg/kg IV) then atipamezole (10 μg/kg, IM). In the second phase of this study, the same dose of medetomidine or dexmedetomidine at 1 μg/kg IV and atipamezole (10 μg/kg, IM) were used in the evaluation of 20 clinical patients with suspected neurologic disease. Results: In Phase 1, awake recordings were laced with movement artifacts. After medetomidine and atipamezole, EEG waveforms were slower. Following atipamezole, however, the frequencies were observed to increase with time. Statistical evaluation revealed significantly more artifacts in baseline recordings. No statistically significant change was observed in focal abnormalities or amplitude. In Phase 2, the a2-adrenoreceptor agonists followed by atipamezole without the use of lidocaine produced clinically reliable results. Clinical Significance: Quality and diagnostic electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings are frequently inconvenient to obtain in the awake dog. Movement results in artifacts and dislodged leads. Administration of low dose medetomidine or dexmedetomidine followed by atipamezole reliably reduced the impact of movement artifacts and produced clinically valid EEG recordings in dogs.

关键词： Dog Brain Electroencephalogram Medetomidine Atipamezole Dexmedetomidine

Evidence for using dextromethorphan-quinidine for the treatment of agitation in dementia

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2020年第4期10卷 29-33页

作者： Rajesh R Tampi Pallavi Joshi Padmapriya Marpuri Deena J Tampi Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Cleveland Clinic Akron GeneralAkronOH 44106United States Cleveland Clinic Lerner college of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University ClevelandOH 44195United States Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Northwell Health-Staten Island University HospitalStaten IslandNY 10306United States Department of Psychiatry Einstein Medical CenterPhiladelphiaPA 19141United States Diamond Healthcare RichmondVA 23219United States

Behavioral and psychological symptoms including agitation are common in dementia,and are associated with decreased quality of life,increased risk of institutionalization,and greater patient and caregiver *** agents used for management of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia are limited by their tolerability,prompting a need for identifying efficacious and safe pharmacological treatments for managing agitation in *** combination of dextromethorphan and quinidine sulfate is approved for pseudobulbar affect,and may be effective in managing agitation in dementia.A review of literature found only one randomized controlled trial that evaluated the use of dextromethorphan-quinidine for the management of agitation in dementia when compared to *** from this trial demonstrated that dextromethorphan-quinidine decreased agitation in dementia,and was well *** promising,further research is needed before dextromethorphan-quinidine combination can be accepted as a standard treatment for agitation in dementia.

关键词： Dextromethorphan Quinidine Agitation Dementia Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia

Targeted Ptpn11 deletion in mice reveals the essential role of SHP2 in osteoblast differentiation and skeletal homeostasis

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Bone Research 2021年第1期9卷 75-85页

作者： Lijun Wang Huiliang Yang Jiahui Huang Shaopeng Pei Liyun Wang Jian Q.Feng Dian Jing Hu Zhao Henry M.Kronenberg Douglas C.Moore Wentian Yang Department of Orthopedic Surgery Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island HospitalProvidenceRI 02903USA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of DelawareNewarkDE DE19716USA Department of Biomedical Sciences Texas A&M College of Dentistry3302 Gaston AveDallasTX 75246USA Department of Comprehensive Dentistry Texas A&M College of Dentistry3302 Gaston AveDallasTX 75246USA Endocrine Unit Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02114USA

The maturation and function of osteoblasts(OBs)rely heavily on the reversible phosphorylation of signaling *** date,most of the work in OBs has focused on phosphorylation by tyrosyl kinases,but little has been revealed about dephosphorylation by protein tyrosine phosphatases(PTPases).SHP2(encoded by PTPN11)is a ubiquitously expressed ***11 mutations are associated with both bone and cartilage manifestations in patients with Noonan syndrome(NS)and metachondromatosis(MC),although the underlying mechanisms remain ***,we report that SHP2 deletion in bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein-expressing(Bglap+)bone cells leads to massive osteopenia in both trabecular and cortical bones due to the failure of bone cell maturation and enhanced osteoclast activity,and its deletion in Bglap+chondrocytes results in the onset of enchondroma and osteochondroma in aged mice with increased tubular bone ***,SHP2 was found to be required for osteoblastic differentiation by promoting RUNX2/OSTERIX signaling and for the suppression of osteoclastogenesis by inhibiting STAT3-mediated RANKL production by osteoblasts and *** findings are likely to explain the compromised skeletal system in NS and MC patients and to inform the development of novel therapeutics to combat skeletal disorders.

关键词： skeletal homeostasis SHP2

Prevalence and risk factors associated with metabolic dysfunctionassociated steatohepatitis in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection: A population-based study

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第10期16卷 1169-1176页

作者： Rashid Abdel-Razeq Lynn Bitar Elio R Bitar Chidera Onwuzo Mohamad-Noor Abu-Hammour Barish Eren Islam Mohamed Adejoke Johnson Antoine Boustany Somtochukwu Onwuzo Imad Asaad Department of Internal Medicine Cleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOH 44111United States Faculty of Medicine Saint Joseph University of BeirutBeirut 11042020Lebanon Faculty of Medicine American University of BeirutBeirut 11072020Lebanon Department of Medicine&Surgery General Hospital Lagos IslandLagos Island 101223LagosNigeria Department of Internal Medicine Jacobi Medical Center/North Central Bronx HospitalBronxNY 10461United States Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Florida College of MedicineJacksonvilleFL 32209United States Department of Gastroenterology Allegheny General HospitalPittsburghPA 15212United States Department of Gastroenterology Firelands HealthSanduskyOH 44870United States

BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(***)is associated with the development of gastrointestinal disorders ranging from gastritis to gastric *** evidence of the association between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis(MASH)and *** infection in the literature is ***,we aim to evaluate the risk of developing MASH in patients who have had a diagnosis of *** infection independently of any confounding *** To evaluate the risk of developing MASH in patients who have had a diagnosis of *** *** This study used a validated multicenter research database of over 360 hospitals across 26 healthcare systems across the United States from 1999 to *** regression analysis assessed the risk of developing MASH,adjusting for confounders including *** infection,obesity,type 2 diabetes,hypertension,dyslipidemia,and male gender.A two-sided P value<0.05 was considered as statistically significant,and all statistical analyses were performed using R version 4.0.2(R Foundation for Statistical Computing,Vienna,Austria,2008).RESULTS A total of 79476132 individuals were screened in the database and 69232620 were selected in the final analysis after accounting for inclusion and exclusion ***(14.30%),patients with hyperlipidemia(70.35%),hypertension(73.86%),diabetes mellitus type 2(56.46%),and obese patients(58.15%)were more common in patients with MASH compared to *** a multivariate regression analysis,the risk of MASH was increased in diabetics[odds ratio(OR):3.55;95%CI:3.48-3.62],obese(OR:5.93;95%CI:5.81-6.04),males(OR:1.49;95%CI:1.46-1.52),individuals with hyperlipidemia(OR:2.43;95%CI:2.38-2.49)and *** infection(OR:2.51;95%CI:2.31-2.73).CONCLUSION This is the largest population-based study in the United States illustrating an increased prevalence and odds of developing MASH in patients with *** infection after adjusting for risk factors.

关键词： Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Helicobacter Pylori Cirrhosis Liver

AI-Based Advanced Approaches and Dry Eye Disease Detection Based on Multi-Source Evidence:Cases,Applications,Issues,and Future Directions

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2024年第2期7卷 445-484页

作者： Mini Han Wang Lumin Xing Yi Pan Feng Gu Junbin Fang Xiangrong Yu Chi Pui Pang Kelvin Kam-Lung Chong Carol Yim-Lui Cheung Xulin Liao Xiaoxiao Fang Jie Yang Ruoyu Zhou Xiaoshu Zhou Fengling Wang Wenjian Liu Zhuhai People’s hospital(Zhuhai hospital Affiliated with Jinan University/The First Affiliated hospital of Faculty of Medicine Macao University of Science and Technology) Zhuhai 519000China Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Faculty of Data Science City University of MacaoMacao 999078China Zhuhai Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhuhai 519000China Perspective Technology Group Zhuhai 519000China First Affiliated hospital of Shandong First Medical University Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan hospital Jinan 250000China Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518000China college of Staten island The City University of New YorkNY 10314USA Department of Optoelectronic Engineering Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510000China Zhuhai Aier Eye hospital Zhuhai 519000China college of Artificial Intelligence Chongqing Industry and Trade PolytechnicChongqing 400000China Centre for Science and Technology Exchange and Cooperation between China and Portuguese-Speaking Countries Zhuhai 519000China School of Artificial Intelligence Hezhou UniversityHezhou 542899China

This study explores the potential of Artificial Intelligence(AI)in early screening and prognosis of Dry Eye Disease(DED),aiming to enhance the accuracy of therapeutic approaches for eye-care *** the promising opportunities,challenges such as diverse diagnostic evidence,complex etiology,and interdisciplinary knowledge integration impede the interpretability,reliability,and applicability of AI-based DED detection *** research conducts a comprehensive review of datasets,diagnostic evidence,and standards,as well as advanced algorithms in AI-based DED detection over the past five *** DED diagnostic methods are categorized into three groups based on their relationship with AI techniques:(1)those with ground truth and/or comparable standards,(2)potential AI-based methods with significant advantages,and(3)supplementary methods for AI-based DED *** study proposes suggested DED detection standards,the combination of multiple diagnostic evidence,and future research directions to guide further ***,the research contributes to the advancement of ophthalmic disease detection by providing insights into knowledge foundations,advanced methods,challenges,and potential future perspectives,emphasizing the significant role of AI in both academic and practical aspects of ophthalmology.

关键词： Artificial Intelligence(AI) ophthalmology Dry Eye Disease(DED)detection multi-source evidence

The potential role of essential oils in boosting immunity and easing COVID-19 symptoms

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Clinical Traditional Medicine and Pharmacology 2024年第2期5卷 54-62页

作者： Vivek P Chavda Pankti C.Balar Gargi Jogi Swati Marwadi Aayushi Patel Avani Doshi Jinal Ajabiya Lalitkumar Vora Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology L.M.College of PharmacyAhmedabad 380009GujaratIndia Department of Biotechnology Savitribai Phule University of Pune411041MaharashtraIndia Pharmacy Section Long Island UniversityUniversity PlazaBrooklynNY 11201United States Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry K B Raval College of PharmacyGandhinagar 382423India Department of Pharmaceutics Analysis National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research(NIPER)Ahmedabad 380009GujaratIndia School of Pharmacy Queen’s University Belfast97 Lisburn RoadBT97BLUK

Background:Several trials have been conducted since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic to establish possible clinical treatments for the infected ***,many these approaches have failed to demonstrate positive results in human clinical *** the middle of this investigation,essential oils attracted interest due to their numerous benefits and possible role in management of *** oils have virucidal effects at nontoxic quantities due to their tiny molecular size,high lipophilicity,and quick commencement of ***,the pulmonary exhalation,lower respiratory stimulus,and deep lung transport properties of essential oils increase their potential medicinal ***:The present review aimd to evaluate the potential efficacy of essential oil in management of ***:Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis(PRISMA)guidelines,studies published in English up to January 2024 were searched in the PubMed,Scifinder,and Scopus database,using relevant keywords,such as“Essential oil and COVID-19”,“Essential Oil and Viral Infection”,*** non-English articles,abstracts,conference papers,book chapters,and reviews were ***:A total of 108 potentially relevant articles were included for full-text review,with the emphasis is on scrutinizing the probable antiviral action of essential oils to inhibit the replication of *** tried to provide an opinion based on different studies performed using the same concept in different corners of the ***:Various essential oils hold a great potential to work as an adjuvant therapy in management and prevention of COVID-19.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Sunlight UV radiation Essential oil

Skeletal stem cells in bone development,homeostasis,and disease

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Protein & Cell 2024年第8期15卷 559-574页

作者： Guixin Yuan Xixi Lin Ying Liu Matthew B.Greenblatt Ren Xu The First Affliated hospital of Xiamen University-ICMRS Collaborating Center for Skeletal Stem Cell State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress BiologySchool of MedicineFaculty of Medicine and Life SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regeneration Medicine Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue RegenerationOrgan Transplantation InstituteSchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Weill Cormell Medical CollegeNew YorkNY 10065USA Research Division Hospital for Special SurgeryNew YorkNY10065USA

Tissue-resident stem cells are essential for development and repair,and in the skeleton,this function is fulfilled by recently identified skeletal stem cells(SSCs).However,recent work has identified that SSCs are not monolithic,with long bones,craniofacial sites,and the spine being formed by distinct stem *** studies have utilized techniques such as fluorescence-activated cell sorting,lineage tracing,and single-cell sequencing to investigate the involvement of ssCs in bone development,homeostasis,and *** investigations have allowed researchers to map the lineage commitment trajectory of ssCs in different parts of the body and at different time ***,recent studies have shed light on the characteristics of ssCs in both physiological and pathological *** review focuses on discussing the spatiotemporal distribution of ssCs and enhancing our understanding of the diversity and plasticity of ssCs by summarizing recent discoveries.

关键词： skeletal stem cells bone development endochondral ossification intramembranous ossification lineage tracing